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The liver is a common metastatic site of malignant tumors, and liver metastasis is also the leading cause of death due to metastatic tumors. Metastatic liver cancer has high heterogeneity, and there has been slow progress in the treatment of metastatic liver cancer for a long time. In recent years, the development of surgical techniques, systemic therapy, and the multidisciplinary team (MDT) diagnostic and therapeutic mode has led to revolutionary changes in the clinical management of metastatic liver cancer. The article reviews the recent progress in the treatment of metastatic liver cancer from the three aspects of surgical treatment, systemic therapy, and locoregional therapy. Combined therapy based on chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and immunotherapy remains the basic multimodality therapy for metastatic liver cancer. In addition, the development of locoregional therapy has brought new treatment options for patients with metastatic liver cancer. Standardized diagnosis and treatment based on high-level evidence-based evidence and related guidelines and individualized precise treatment under the guidance of MDT will be the future directions for the clinical management of metastatic liver cancer.
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Effective treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases is crucial for improving the survival rate and quality of life of patients with colorectal cancer. With the application of systemic chemotherapy, there have been increases in the conversion rate and surgical resection rate of patients with colorectal cancer liver metastases. Non-radical resection is one of the surgical strategies in tumor surgery. This article reviews the treatment of patients with initially unresectable colorectal cancer liver metastases, including extrahepatic metastasis, R1 resection of liver metastases, staged surgery for liver metastases, and debulking surgery, as well as the application of non-radical resection in the treatment of colorectal cancer liver metastases.
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The Japanese Society of Gastroenterology (JSGE) first published evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis in 2010, followed by a revision in 2016. In April 2023, JSGE published the 2021 edition of evidence-based clinical practice guidelines for cholelithiasis based on the clinical issues associated with cholelithiasis in the databases such as Medline, Cochrane, and Igaku Chuo Zasshi and the latest evidence in literature published in the past five years. The revised edition reviews related clinical questions in the previous edition from the aspects of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, treatment, prognosis, and complications of cholelithiasis and reclassifies them into three categories, with 52 questions in total, among which there are 29 background questions dealing with basic background knowledge, 19 clinical questions, and 4 future research questions requiring further accumulation of evidence, thereby providing guidance for decision making in the clinical management of patients with cholelithiasis.
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Objective:To compare the effects of laparoscopic versus open liver resection for colorectal cancer liver metastasis on the interval between surgery and chemotherapy, the perioperative outcomes and the prognosis of patients.Methods:A total of 127 patients undergoing colorectal cancer liver metastasis resection in the Department of General Surgery, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, from January 2014 to February 2023 were retrospectively analyzed, including 81 males and 46 females, aged (60.0±8.9) years. Based on surgical approaches, the patients were divided into the laparoscopic group ( n=33) and the open group ( n=94). After propensity score matching (PSM), 26 cases in the laparoscopic group were matched with 45 cases in the open group. The maximum tumor diameter, proportion of tumors involving both lobes, and proportion of solitary tumors, interval between surgery and first cycle of chemotherapy, postoperative complications, postoperative hospital stay and the prognosis of patients were compared between the two groups after matching. Survival curves and rates were analyzed by Kaplan-Meier and log-rank test. Results:After PSM, there were no significant differences in the baseline data of patients, including tumor maximum diameter, proportion of tumors involving both lobes, and proportion of solitary tumors between the two groups (all P>0.05), indicating comparability. After matching, the interval between surgery and first cycle of chemotherapy in the laparoscopic group (34.4±11.2) d was shorter than that in the open group (46.7±28.0) d, the laparoscopic group had a lower incidence of postoperative complications[0 vs 20.0%(9/45)] and a shorter postoperative hospital stay[6.0 (5.0, 6.2) d vs 8.0 (7.0, 11.5) d] compared to the open group (all P<0.05). There was no significant difference in the recurrence-free survival rate (χ 2=3.27, P=0.070) and the cumulative survival rate (χ 2=0.001, P=0.974) between the two groups. Conclusion:In patients with colorectal cancer liver metastasis, laparoscopic liver surgery showed a lower incidence of postoperative complications and a shorter postoperative hospital stay compared to open surgery. The interval between surgery and first cycle of chemotherapy is shorter after laparoscopic surgery. The long-term prognosis is comparable in the laparoscopic and open surgery.
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Through bioinformatics predictions, we identified that GTF2I and FAT1 were downregulated in thyroid carcinoma (TC). Further, Pearson's correlation coefficient revealed a positive correlation between GTF2I expression and FAT1 expression. Therefore, we selected them for this present study, where the effects of bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell-derived EVs (BMSDs-EVs) enriched with GTF2I were evaluated on the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and stemness maintenance in TC. The under-expression of GTF2I and FAT1 was validated in TC cell lines. Ectopically expressed GTF2I and FAT1 were found to augment malignant phenotypes of TC cells, EMT, and stemness maintenance. Mechanistic studies revealed that GTF2I bound to the promoter region of FAT1 and consequently upregulated its expression. MSC-EVs could shuttle GTF2I into TPC-1 cells, where GTF2I inhibited TC malignant phenotypes, EMT, and stemness maintenance by increasing the expression of FAT1 and facilitating the FAT1-mediated CDK4/FOXM1 downregulation. In vivo experiments confirmed that silencing of GTF2I accelerated tumor growth in nude mice. Taken together, our work suggests that GTF2I transferred by MSC-EVs confer antioncogenic effects through the FAT1/CDK4/FOXM1 axis and may be used as a promising biomarker for TC treatment.
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Ratones , Animales , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Ratones Desnudos , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Neoplasias de la Tiroides/patología , Vesículas Extracelulares/patología , Células Madre Mesenquimatosas , Factores de Transcripción TFIII/metabolismo , Células Madre Neoplásicas/patologíaRESUMEN
Fear memories are temporarily suppressed after repeated retrieval, a phenomenon known as memory extinction.How to reduce or even eliminate fear memory is the key to the treatment of fear related diseases such as post-traumatic stress disorder(PTSD). A single extinction training based on Pavlov's fear regulation task could only inhibit the expression of conditioned fear memory traces, but it could not eliminate the acquired conditioned fear memory. However, according to the reconsolidation theory based on memory, the retrieval-extinction paradigm has a more lasting effect on the erasure and rewriting of fear memory, and can effectively prevent the return of fear memory. Studies have shown that extraction-regression is closely related to a variety of neurotransmitter receptors such as glutamate receptor(GluR), dopamine receptor(DAR), L-type voltage-gated calcium channels(LVGCs) and cannabinoid. Moreover, its effect is closely related with factors such as retrieval-extinction memory stage. At present, most of the researches on extracted boundary conditions only stay at the level of behavior, with little understanding and exploration on the level of molecular mechanism. From the perspective of molecular neurobiology, with different stages of memory and different types of receptors and molecular mechanisms, this research reviewed the mechanisms of retrieval-extinction in recent years.It provided valuable signaling pathways, molecular targets and research directions for the treatment of fear-related diseases such as PTSD.
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Objective:To compare the prognoses of salvage liver transplantation fulfilling the Criteria of Milan, University of California San Francisco(UCSF)and Hangzhou.Methods:Clinical data were retrospectively reviewed for 256 patients with recurrent hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)undergoing donation after citizen death(DCD)liver transplantation(LT)from January 2015 to October 2019.They were divided into two groups of primary(PLT, n=175)and salvage(SLT, n=81). General profiles, tumor pathological characteristics and postoperative complications of two groups were compared by T-test, rank-sum or χ2 test.Kaplan-Meier method and Log rank test were employed for comparing overall survival rate(OS)and recurrence-free survival rate(RFS)between two groups.In SLT group, 31 cases fulfilled Milan criteria, 45 cases UCSF criteria and 69 cases Hangzhou criteria.OS/RFS of three groups were compared.According to there was downstaging or bridging treatment pre-LT, SLT group was divided into downstaging group(n=32)and non-downstaging group(n=49). OS/RFS of two groups were compared.According to the Rescit1.1 criteria, downstaging group were divided into remission group(n=14)and non-remission group(n=18)and OS/RFS of two groups were compared. Results:The operative durations of PLT and SLT groups were(439.5±74.9)and(475.1±83.4)min respectively.There was significant inter-group difference( P<0.05); However, no significant inter-group difference existed in amount of intraoperative bleeding, blood transfusion, postoperative hospital stay or incidence of postoperative complications(all P>0.05). No significant difference existed in OS/RFS between PLT and SLT groups( P>0.05). No significant difference existed in OS at 1/3/5 years post-SLT among Milan, UCSF and Hangzhou criteria groups(all P>0.05); However, RFS in Milan criteria group at 1/3/5 years post-SLT were 93.5%, 81.7% and 81.7% respectively.They were significantly higher than 68.9%, 59.7% and 59.7% in UCSF criteria group and 78.3%, 58.8% and 55.5% in Hangzhou criteria group(all P<0.05). For patients on downstaging therapy, OS in the Remission group at 1, 3 and 5 years post-SLT were 100%, 73% and 73% respectively, which was significantly higher than 83.3%, 49.4% and 0 in non-Remission group( P=0.042). RFS in the Remission group at 1, 3 and 5 years post-SLT were 100%, 62.5% and 46.9% respectively, which was significantly higher than 52.9%, 0 and 0 in no-Remission group( P=0.001). Conclusions:The survival outcome of SLT recipients is similar to that of PLT recipients.The overall survival of SLT recipients shows no significant difference between Milan, UCSF and Hangzhou criteria.However, SLT recipients fulfilling Milan criteria have the longest recurrence-free time.The prognosis of patients with remission after preoperative descending treatment is superior to that of patients without remission.
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Cabozantinib, mainly targeting cMet and vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2, is the second-line treatment for patients with advanced hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, the lower response rate and resistance limit its enduring clinical benefit. In this study, we found that cMet-low HCC cells showed primary resistance to cMet inhibitors, and the combination of cabozantinib and mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) inhibitor, rapamycin, exhibited a synergistic inhibitory effect on the in vitro cell proliferation and in vivo tumor growth of these cells. Mechanically, the combination of rapamycin with cabozantinib resulted in the remarkable inhibition of AKT, extracellular signal-regulated protein kinases, mTOR, and common downstream signal molecules of receptor tyrosine kinases; decreased cyclin D1 expression; and induced cell cycle arrest. Meanwhile, rapamycin enhanced the inhibitory effects of cabozantinib on the migration and tubule formation of human umbilical vascular endothelial cells and human growth factor-induced invasion of cMet inhibitor-resistant HCC cells under hypoxia condition. These effects were further validated in xenograft models. In conclusion, our findings uncover a potential combination therapy of cabozantinib and rapamycin to combat cabozantinib-resistant HCC.
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Animales , Humanos , Anilidas/farmacología , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Proliferación Celular , Células Endoteliales/metabolismo , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , Piridinas/farmacología , Sirolimus/farmacología , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
Since the outbreak of Corona Virus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) in December 2019, the number of new confirmed cases in Wuhan has been increasing, and medical resources are in short supply. Under this grim situation, makeshift hospitals have been used to treat patients with mild symptoms and achieved the largest capacity. Under the model of concentrated admission in makeshift hospitals with limited medical resources, the frontline surgeons adopt strict disease observation and treatment strategies, actively carry out psychological counseling for patients, and organize multidisci-plinary teams to deal with chronic and emergency surgical diseases of patients with COVID-19. Combined with their own clinical practices, the authors summarize a series of clinical experiences for the treatment of patients with COVID-19.
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Objective:To investigate the imaging anatomical features of donor liver blood vessels in laparoscopic left lateral donor liver acquisition and their clinical significance.Methods:The retrospective and descriptive study was conducted. The clinical data of 39 living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) donors who were admitted to Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University between October 2016 and December 2018 were collected. There were 10 males and 29 females, aged (31±7)years. The clinical data of 39 LDLT recipients were collected. There were 26 males and 13 females, aged 8 months (range, 4-68 months). Abdominal enhanced computed tomography and three-dimensional vascular reconstruction were performed on donors to evaluate the anatomical characteristics of hepatic vessels. All the donors underwent laparoscopic left lateral donor liver acquisition. Observation indicators: (1) three-dimensional vascular reconstruction of preoperative imaging; (2) surgical conditions; (3) follow-up. Follow-up was performed using outpatient examination to detect complications of recipients after LDLT up to October 2019. Measurement data with normal distribution were expressed as Mean± SD, and comparison between groups was analyzed by the t test. Measurement data with skewed distribution were represented as M (range). Count data were expressed as absolute numbers or percentages. Results:(1) Three-dimensional vascular reconstruction of preoperative imaging: the anatomical characteristics of hepatic artery and hepatic vein revealed by three-dimensional vascular reconstruction of preoperative imaging of 39 donors included ① middle hepatic artery was present in 11 donors, among which 5 started from the right hepatic artery, 3 from the confluence of the right and left hepatic artery, and 3 from the left hepatic artery. Two donors had anatomical variation in the left hepatic artery which was presentation of left accessory hepatic artery originated from the left gastric artery. The other 26 donors had no middle hepatic artery or anatomical variation in the left hepatic artery. ② The left hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein of 9 donors were respectively drained into the inferior vena cava. Seven donors had the left upper branch of the left hepatic vein, and 23 donors had a joint trunk of the left hepatic vein and the middle hepatic vein which drained into the inferior vena cava. (2) Surgical conditions: ① all the 39 donors successfully underwent laparoscopic left lateral donor liver acquisition. The operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss were (160±32)minutes and (142±74)mL. ② Of 11 donors with middle hepatic artery, left hepatic artery was the dominant artery in 8 donors and was used for hepatic artery anastomosis and reconstruction in liver transplantation, middle hepatic artery started from left hepatic artery in 3 donors and the joint trunk of left and middle hepatic artery was used for hepatic artery anastomosis and reconstruction in liver transplantation. Of 2 donors with anatomical variation in the left hepatic artery, one had left accessory hepatic artery as the dominant artery and the other had left hepatic artery as the dominant artery. Left accessory hepatic artery and left hepatic artery were respectively used for hepatic artery anastomosis and reconstruction in liver transplantation. The other 26 donors had left hepatic artery for hepatic artery anastomosis and reconstruction in liver transplantation. ③ Among the 39 donors, 11 received intraoperative left hepatic vein preferred approach and 28 received intraoperative non-left hepatic vein preferred approach. The operation time and volume of intraoperative blood loss of donors with left hepatic vein preferred approach were (147±22)minutes and (110±44)mL, respectively, versus (169±33)minutes and (154±81)mL of donors with non-left hepatic vein preferred approach, showing significant differences in the above indicators between the two groups ( t=4.19, 2.81, P<0.05). (3) Follow-up: 39 donors were followed up for 10 months. During the follow-up, there was no hepatic artery anastomotic bleeding, stenosis, ischemic bile duct injury and biliary stenosis caused by poor hepatic arterial blood supply, or any complications related to hepatic venous outflow tract stenosis. Conclusions:Three-dimensional vascular reconstruction before laparoscopic left lateral donor liver acquisition can reveal the anatomical variation of middle hepatic artery and left hepatic artery, which can guide the selection of surgical approach. The left hepatic vein preferred approach is recommended for the qualified donor in the laparoscopic left lateral donor liver acquisition, which can shorten the operation time and reduce the volume of intraoperative blood loss.
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Objective To investigate the clinical effect,lymph removal effect and complication rates of different operative methods for treatment of uterine malignant tumor.Methods Eighty two patients with malignant tumor were selected as objection from February 2014 to January 2014.The research objects were divided into control group and observation group via operation method.Control group were given open widely uterus resection treatment and pelvic lymph node cleaning,and the observation group were given laparoscopic treatment of extensive hysterectomy combined with pelvic lymph node cleaning.The intraoperative blood loss,operation time anal exhaust time,length of stay,expenses,lymph node and complications were observed.Results The operation time 165.34 ± 20.16min and intraoperative blood loss 196.57 ± 21.48ml in observation group were lower than the control group 234.16-± 25.35min,311.55 ± 26.75ml (P <0.01).The anal exhaust time 42.14 ±5.36h,hospitalization time 9.71 ± 1.89d ays and expenses 19317.28 ±2163.52 yuan in observation group were obvious lower than control group 45.25-± 7.83h,(12.16 ± 2.15)days,24538.78 ± 2461.71 yuan(P < 0.05).The lymph node cleaning number in observation group(28.76 ± 4.11) was higher than control group (20.14 ± 5.32) (P < 0.01).The complications were mainly for urinary retention,lymphocele,wound infection and vascular injury.The complication rates 17.07% (7/41)in observation group was lower than control group 8.64% (17/41) (x2 =4.870,P =0.027).Conclusion The laparoscopic hysterectomy combined with pelvic lymph node cleaning treatment on uterine malignant tumor have good clinical effect,have good lymph node removal effect,and low complications.It was economic and safe for clinical application.
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Objective To explore the effect and mechanism of liver X receptor agonist T0901317 on angiogenesis phenotype of liver cancer.Methods The experimental study was conducted.Hepatocellular carcinoma MHCC97-H and Huh7 cells and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) were cultured in vitro.Each cell line was divided into 3 groups:control group (non-treated),low concentration group (treated using 1 μmot/L T0901317) and high concentration group (treated using 3 μmol/L T0901317).Cell proliferation was counted with a CCK-8 assay.Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was applied to confirm the relative mRNA expression of fatty acid synthetase (FAS) of liver X receptor target genes in 3 groups.Subcutaneous xenograft tumor volume and body mass were measured in MHCC97-H nude mice model.Then mice were sacrificed and tumor tissues were analyzed for CD31 relative expression by immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining.Migration and vessel angiogenesis of HUVEC were determined by Transwell method.Observation indicators:(1) effects of T0901317 on MHCC97-H,Huh7 and HUVEC cells proliferation,(2) effects of T0901317 on liver X receptor with MHCC97-H,Huh7 and HUVEC cells,(3) effects of T0901317 on subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in MHCC97-H nude mice model,(4) effects of T0901317 on CD31 relative expression in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissues of MHCC97-H nude mice model,(5) effects of T0901317 on migration of HUVEC,(6) effects of T0901317 on vessel angiogenesis of HUVEC.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as x±s,and comparisons between groups were analyzed by the t test.Results (1)Effects of T0901317 on MHCC97-H,Huh7 and HUVEC cells proliferation:results of CCK-8 assay showed that percentage of living cells was respectively 100.0%± 1.7%,101.0%±0.7% and 104.6%± 1.9% in MHCC97-H control,low concentration and high concentration groups,with no statistically significant difference (F =2.632,P>0.05).Percentage of living cells was respectively 100.0% ± 2.7%,97.6% ± 2.4% and 103.7% ± 2.8% in Huh7 control,low concentration and high concentration groups,with no statistically significant difference (F =1.404,P>0.05).Percentage of living cells was respectively 100.0% ±0.7%,100.7%± 1.2% and 101.3% ±0.8% in HUVEC control,low concentration and high concentration groups,with no statistically significant difference (F=0.471,P>0.05).(2) Effects of T0901317 on liver X receptor with MHCC97-H,Huh7 and HUVEC cells:results of quantitative real-time PCR showed that relative mRNA expressions of FAS in MHCC97-H control,low concentration and high concentration groups were respectively 100.0 %±2.2%,658.5%±7.7% and 1 241.0%± 106.8%,with a statistically significant difference among groups (F=46.227,P<0.05),and with a statistically significant difference between MHCC97-H control group and MHCC97-H low concentration and high concentration groups (t =70.025,8.274,P < 0.05) and between MHCC97-H low concentration and high concentration groups (t =4.222,P < 0.05).Relative mRNA expressions of FAS in Huh7 control,low concentration and high concentration groups were respectively 100.0% ± 15.8%,1 225.0% ± 26.7 % and 2 015.0% ± 215.1%,with a statistically significant difference among groups (F =49.402,P< 0.05),and with a statistically significant difference between Huh7 control group and Huh7 low concentration and high concentration groups (t=39.460,8.879,P<0.05) and between Huh7 low concentration and high concentration groups (t =2.836,P < 0.05).Relative mRNA expressions of FAS in HUVEC control,low concentration and high concentration groups were respectively 100.0% ± 19.6%,790.8% ± 116.5% and 1 756.0% ± 55.0%,with a statistically significant difference among groups (F=185.395,P<0.05),and with a statistically significant difference between HUVEC control group and HUVEC low concentration and high concentration groups (t =7.639,34.375,P<0.05) and between HUVEC low concentration and high concentration groups (t =7.488,P<0.05).(3) Effects of T0901317 on subcutaneous xenograft tumor growth in MHCC97-H nude mice model:results of assay showed that subcutaneous xenograft tumor volume in MHCC97-H control group and MHCC97-H T0901317 group were respectively (935±72)mm3 and (552 ± 47)mm3,with a statistically significant difference between groups (t=4.449,P<0.05).Body masses of nude mice model in MHCC97-H control group and MHCC97-H T0901317 group were respectively (23.8±0.8) g and (21.7± 1.7) g,with no statistically significant difference between groups (t =1.059,P>0.05).(4) Effects of T0901317 on CD31 relative expression in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissues of MHCC97-H nude mice model:results of IHC staining showed that CD31 relative expression in subcutaneous xenograft tumor tissues of MHCC97-H nude mice model was 100%±11% and 35%±7% in MHCC97-H control group and MHCC97-H T0901317 group,with a statistically significant difference between groups (t =4.919,P<0.05).(5) Effects of T0901317 on migration of HUVEC:results of Transwell method showed that percentages of membrane cells in HUVEC control,low concentration and high concentration groups were respectively 100.0%±4.0%,57.3%±1.5% and 32.7%± 1.7%,with a statistically significant difference among groups (F=163.944,P<0.05),and with statistically significant differences between HUVEC control group and HUVEC low concentration and high concentration groups (t =9.998,15.434,P<0.05) and between HUVEC low concentration and high concentration groups (t =10.801,P < 0.05).(6) Effects of T0901317 on vessel angiogenesis of HUVEC:results of vessel angiogenesis assay showed that length of vessel angiogenesis in HUVEC control,low concentration and high concentration groups were respectively 100.0%±3.4%,68.4% ±3.5% and 44.7%± 0.5%,with a statistically significant difference among groups (F =38.964,P < 0.05),and with statistically significant differences between HUVEC control group and HUVEC low concentration and high concentration groups (t=6.268,9.831,P<0.05) and between HUVEC low concentration and high concentration groups (t =3.460,P<0.05).Conclusion Liver X receptor agonist T0901317 can inhibit vessel angiogenesis of liver cancer.
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Objective To compare the clinical efficacies between warm needling and Ibuprofen sustained release capsules (a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug, NSAID) in treating patients with dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis. MethodSixty-five patients with dysmenorrhea induced by adenomyosis were randomized into a treatment group of 33 cases and a control group of 32 cases. The control group was intervened by oral administration of Ibuprofen sustained release capsules, while the treatment group was intervened by warm needling.The intervention lasted 3 menstrual cycles and a 3-month follow-up was studied. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), dysmenorrhea symptoms scores and clinical efficacy were compared between the two groups.ResultThe VAS scores after the intervention and inthe first and second months of the follow-up study were significantly different from the pre-treatment score in the two groups (P<0.01); the VAS score of the 3-month follow-up was significantly different from the score before the intervention in the treatment group (P<0.01). There were significant differences in comparing the VAS score after the intervention and in the follow-up study between the two groups (P<0.01), and the treatment group was superior to the control group. The dysmenorrhea symptoms scoresdeclined significantly after the intervention and in the first and second months of the follow-up study in both groups (P<0.01); the dysmenorrhea symptoms score of the 3-month follow-up study decreased in the treatment group and was significantly different from the pre-treatment score (P<0.01). There were significant differences in comparing the dysmenorrhea symptoms scores in the second and third months of the follow-up study between the two groups (P<0.01). The total effective rate was 93.9% in the treatment group, significantly better than 62.5% in the control group (P<0.01).ConclusionWarm needling is effective in easing pain and improving the symptoms of dysmenorrhea in adenomyosis, and can produce a consistent efficacy after the termination of thetreatment; it's superior to NSAIDs in comparing both short-term and long-term treatment efficacies.
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Objective To investigate the effects of application of gauze packing oppression in severe liver trauma therapy.Methods Clinical data of gauze packing oppression treated 18 patients with severe liver laceration were retrospectively analysized,with gauze packing oppression,postoperative hemostatic,antibiotic therapy and nutritional support,a t 5 -7 d began plucking gauze,12 -14 d after pulling,no bleeding wounds gradually healed. Results 17 cases were cured,1 died,the cure rate of 95%,the cause of death as multiple injuries caused by the merger of multiple organ failure;postoperative pull gauze(or bandage)again bleeding in 6 cases,2 cases of secondary hemorrhage,the drug was difficult to control again laparotomy to stop bleeding;after 4 cases of subphrenic effusion, infection,complicated with biliary fistula in 5 cases,liver abscess in 2 cases,3 cases of abdominal infection,wound infection in 3 cases.Conclusion For patients with severe liver rupture gauze packing to stop bleeding is still simple and effective ways to deal under an emergency situation for the hospital,both a method of treatment,but also packing oppression to stop bleeding temporarily for processing and then sent to a higher level hospital completely win time,can effectively reduce the mortality and reduce complications.
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Objective To investigate the dynamic changes of osteopontin (OPN) in the guinea pig model of cholesterol gallstone disease.Methods Forty-four guinea pigs were randomly assigned to cholesterol gallstone group and control group.The animals were sequentially killed on Day 7,14,28,42,56 and 70 after operation.The expressions of OPN mRNA in gallbladder and liver tissues were detected by real-time PCR.The changes of OPN,mucin,α1-acid glycoprotein (AAP) and apolipoprotein A1 (APOA1) in bile and blood plasma were detected by ELISA kits.Results The expression of OPN mRNA in gallbladder and liver tissues increased gradually and reached the peak in the 6th week,and then decreased.The increased expression of OPN in bile in the gallstone group started from the 1st week and reached the peak in the 6th week (P < 0.05),which gradually decreased to the baseline in the 10th week (P > 0.05).The expressions of OPN in bile and blood demonstrated similar trends,while the peak time in blood samples was much earlier (4th week).The changes of APOA1 in bile and blood were similar to OPN,although there was no advanced peak value in blood.The levels of mucin and AAP in bile and blood increased after operation,and were kept at high level throughout the study.Conclusions OPN is involved in the whole process of cholesterol gallstone formation,which may be associated with other nucleation-active factors.
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Objective To investigate the role of osteopontin (OPN) in the pathogenesis ot cholesterol gallstone formation in bile.Methods The nucleation time of OPN in model bile and human gallbladder bile was studied by the nucleation time assay,the effect of OPN on cholesterol crystal growth in model bile was examined by the cholesterol crystal growth assay.The effect of OPN on vesicle was detected by the transmission electron microscopy in model bile and gallbladder bile; then the content of OPN and calcium were detected via the commercial kits in human bile.Results Osteopontin prolonged nucleation time in a dose dependent manner in model bile and human bile,and this effect was correlated with calcium.Compared with control group,the nucleation times were prolonged by 1.50and 1.93 times in lithogenic bile at the concentration of osteopontin 50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml (P<0.01),respectively. Nucleation time were prolonged by 1.17 and 1.33 times in normal bile (P<0.01) and by 1.29 and 1.48 times in model bile (P<0.01),respectively.The rate of cholesterol crystals growth was not influenced by calcium ions,but inhibited by osteopontin in a dose dependent manner in the model bile.Furthermore,the formation,aggregation and fusion of vesicles were delayed by osteopontin in bile samples as indicated by the transmission electron microscopy.The concentration of osteopontin [(0.53± 0.08) mg/ml vs. (0.65 ± 0.14) mg/ml,P<0.05] and the calcium ions [ (0.71 ± 0.17) mmol/L vs. ( 0.84 ± 0.08 ) mmol/L,P < 0.05 ] were lower in lithogenic bile than in control.Conclusions Osteopontin can inhibit the cholesterol gallstone formation in model and human gallbladder bile as the anti nucleating factor.
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Traditional manual shimming measures and records data by highly accurate Tesla meters, then analyzes the data and puts small shimming magnet pieces to those are needed, and finally completes the shimming by repeating the above mentioned process. Because using Tesla meter to measure and record data takes much time, the efficiency of manual shimming is quite low. This article puts up an assisting way to shimming by using medical MRI shimming software designed and realized based on COM communications, thus enhances shimming efficiency greatly.
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Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Métodos , Imanes , Programas Informáticos , Diseño de SoftwareRESUMEN
Objective To investigate the role of osteopontin (OPN) in cholesterol gallstone formation.MethodsGallbladder bile was obtained from patients with cholelithiasis (n=36,the experimental group) and from donors of liver transplantation (n=19,the control group).OPN,calcium ion and lipid were analysed quantitively.The nucleating role of OPN in bile was evaluated using nucleating time (NT) approach.ResultsOPN inhibited cholesterol nucleation in a dose dependent manner.OPN (50 μg/ml and 100 μg/ml) prolonged NT by 48.90% (91.51%) and 17.07% (32.93%) in lithogenic and control bile,respectively.OPN (100 μg/ml) also inhibited the nucleating effect induced by calcium ion.Furthermore,a combination of OPN (50 μg/ml) and calcium prolonged NT by 75.78% and 33.96% in lithogenic and control bile,respectively.A combination of OPN (100 μg/ml) and calcium prolonged NT by 125.9% and 62.26% in the 2 groups.The contents of osteopontin and calcium were significantly lower in lithogenic bile than control bile (P<0.05).On the other hand,the cholesterol saturation index and the contents of cholesterol,phospholipid and bile acid were significantly higher (P<0.05).ConclusionsOPN inhibited cholesterol gallstone formation.It may be involved in the pathogenesis of cholelithiasis.
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Objective To establish the reference ranges of the spatial angles among cardiac chambers and great vessels in second and third trimester fetuses measured by spatiotemporal image correlation (STIC).Methods Volume images of 352 normal fetuses from 20 to 38 weeks of gestation were recruited in the study.An off-line analysis of acquired volume datasets was carried out with multiplanar mode.Parameters measured included angles between:(1) the 4-chamber view and the left ventricular long axis view; (2) the left ventricular long axis view and main pulmonary artery; and (3) the ductal arch and aortic arch.The relationships between above-mentioned angles and gestational age were assessed by correlation and regression analysis.Results The angle between the 4-chamber view and the left ventricular long axis view (range:55.7° - 35.7°,mean:45.7° ± 5.12°) was uncorrelated with gestational age (r = 0.03,P = 0.51).In contrast,the angle between the left ventricular long axis view and main pulmonary artery,and the angle between the ductal arch and aortic arch were correlated with gestational age (P < 0.001),and the correlation coefficient was - 0.53 and 0.57 respectively.The best-fit exponential curve regression equations of the angle between the left ventricular long axis view and main pulmonary artery was:Y = 154- 4.24X +0.05X2 ,and the angle between the ductal arch and aortic arch was:Y = - 20.8 + 2.65X - 0.37X2.Conclusions The angles among cardiac chambers and great arteries of fetuses from 20 to 38 weeks of gestation can be quantitatively measured by STIC.The reference ranges provide a reliable quantitative standard to estimate the spatial relationships of the cardiac large arteries of fetuses,which may be clinically useful in prenatal screening congenital heart disease.
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Objective To determine the content of six heavy metal elements of arsenicum(As),mercury(Hg),cuprum(Cu),plumbum(Pb),cadmium(Cd) and chromium(Cr) in Rhizoma Curcumae Longae.Methods Samples were digested with microwave digestion system,and the contents of Cu,Pb,Cd and Cr were determined by graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry(GFAAS);the contents of As and Hg were determined by atomic fluorescence spectrometry(AFS),and the reproducibility and recovery of the method were also examined.Results As and Hg contents in most of the products were below the limit.Only Cu,Pb and Cd contents exceed the limit.The recovery was 86.3 %~113.4 %and RSD was 10.4 %.Conclusions The method is simple and accurate,and can be used for the determination of heavy metal in Chinese herbs.