Central rather than brachial pressures are stronger predictors of cardiovascular outcomes: A longitudinal prospective study in a Chinese population.

The purpose of this study was to assess the association of blood pressure (BP) measurements with the risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and examine whether central systolic BP (CSBP) predicts CVD better than brachial BP measurements (SBP and pulse pressure [PP]). Based on a cross-sectional study conducted in 2009-2010 with follow-up in 2016-2017 among 35- to 64-year-old subjects in China, we evaluated the performance of non-invasively predicted CSBP over brachial BP measurements on the first CVD events. Each BP measurement, individually and jointly with another BP measurement, was entered into the multivariate Cox proportional-hazards models, to examine the predictability of central and brachial BP measurements. Mean age of participants (n = 8710) was 50.1 years at baseline. After a median follow-up of 6.36 years, 187 CVD events occurred. CSBP was a stronger predictor for CVD than brachial BP measurements (CSBP, 1-standard deviation increment HR = 1.49, 95%CI: 1.31-1.70). With CSBP and SBP entering into models jointly, the HR for CSBP and SBP was 1.28 (1.04-1.58) and 1.22 (0.98-1.50), respectively. With CSBP and PP entering into models jointly, the HR for CSBP and PP was 1.51 (1.28-1.78) and 0.98 (0.83-1.15), respectively. For subgroup analysis, the association of CSBP with CVD was stronger than brachial BP measurements in women, those with hypertension and obesity. In the middle-aged Chinese population, noninvasively estimated CSBP may offer advantages over brachial BP measurements to predict CVD events, especially for participants with higher risk. These findings suggest prospective assessment of CSBP as a prevention and treatment target in further trials.

Salivary gland malignancy with divergent differentiation: is it a teratocarcinosarcoma?

Four poorly differentiated malignant lesions occurred in a 60-year-old Chinese male in the nasal cavity, submandibular gland, a lymph node in the neck, and the mandible. These malignant lesions developed within an 8-year period and each showed distinctive histological features. Among these malignant lesions, the neoplasm in the submandibular gland presented variegated histological and immunohistochemical (IHC) features and posed a diagnostic challenge in interpretation. Based on microscopic and IHC findings, we believe the diagnosis of teratocarcinosarcoma is justified for the submandibular neoplasm and the metastasis in the lymph node. The pathological features and diagnoses of these malignant lesions are discussed.

[Quantitative determination of morphine in opium powder by addition and correlation method using capillary electrophoresis].

The morphine in opium powder has been quantitatively determined by addition and correlation method (ACM), in which capillary zone electrophoresis was applied, and the average recovery was 100.6%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of migration time was not more than 2.4%, the RSD of relative migration time was not more than 1.1%, and the RSD of the relative area was not more than 0.51%. Meanwhile, the contrast test has been done by the calibration curve method with an internal standard correlation. The content of morphine in opium powder determined by ACM was the same as that by using the calibration curve method with an internal standard correlated. The study shows that ACM is simple, quick and accurate.

[Round window area temporal bone section versus CT].

OBJECTIVE: To locate round window area and its related structure on auris transection and CT for anatomical evidence of image diagnosis and clinical operation. METHODS: Fifteen normal head specimen fixed with 10% dehyde were scanned by high-resolution computed tomography on canthomeatal line. CT image (depth 1.00 mm, thick 1.00 mm) was obtained. Temporal bone-centered tissues were taken, decalcified, desiccated and socked with collodion, then embedded and made into sequential transactions (thick 1.00 mm). Lower surface of section was observed by both naked eyes and microscope, then scanned and photographed. Versus CT image, auditory ossicle, osseous semicircular canals, vestibule, round window, niche, cochlea, pyramidal eminence, internal acoustic meatus and cochlear aqueduct were identified respectively. RESULTS: There were 18-22 layers of temporal transection on CT image. Round window and round window niche always appeared on the 10th layer (R) and the 11th layer (L). The mean of the depth of anterior wall was 0.92 mm (R) and 0.90 mm (L), and depth 1.89 mm (R) and 2.04 mm (L). The average distance from niche to jugular fossa wall was 2.10 mm (R) and 2.39 mm (L). No significant difference among of thickness, depth and distance from niche to jugular fossa wall. CONCLUSIONS: Temporal bone transection specimen had a clear picture of anatomical position between round window area and its related structure. Versus CT, the result contributed to image diagnosis and operation on auris diseases.