Ventilatory Strategies in Infants with Established Severe Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia: A Multicenter Point Prevalence Study.

We performed a point prevalence study on infants with severe bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD), collecting data on type and settings of ventilatory support; 187 infants, 51% of whom were on invasive positive-pressure ventilation (IPPV), from 15 centers were included. We found a significant center-specific variation in ventilator modes.

Patient and physician perceptions of medicare reimbursement policy for blepharoplasty and blepharoptosis surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To describe patient preferences regarding payment for blepharoplasty and blepharoptosis repair and physician practices before and after the 2009 change in reimbursement for these 2 procedures by the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services (CMS). DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty patients presenting for functional blepharoplasty and blepharoptosis repair at an academic oculoplastic practice and 198 members of the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery. METHODS: A 5-question paper survey was administered to patients, and a 5-question web-based survey was distributed to 510 unique physician e-mail addresses obtained from the American Society of Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery mailing list server in 2010. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The surveys elicited patient knowledge and attitudes regarding the reimbursement policy of the CMS and physician knowledge and behaviors before and after the reimbursement policy change. RESULTS: Ninety-one percent of patients would be opposed to having to pay out of pocket for blepharoplasty or having to wait at least 3 months after ptosis repair to have a blepharoplasty. When asked to choose between these options, 62% of the patients would rather have the 2 surgeries performed separately than pay out-of-pocket. Before the reimbursement policy change by the CMS, 77% of oculoplastic surgeons performed blepharoplasty and blepharoptosis repair in the same sitting, whereas 37% did so after the policy change (P<0.001). Compared with before the policy change by the CMS, more surgeons performed the 2 procedures at least 3 months apart (4% before vs. 29% after, P<0.001) and more often billed patients for a cosmetic blepharoplasty (5% before vs. 12% after, P = 0.009). CONCLUSIONS: Our study suggests that oculoplastic surgeons have made a change in the delivery of ptosis and blepharoplasty surgical services after the reimbursement policy change for these procedures by the CMS in 2009. This change, in which patients undergo separate surgical visits for ptosis repair and blepharoplasty, is not desirable to most patients.