RESUMEN
The effects of crude extract from the flowers of Trollius chinensis on expressions of mRNA and proteins related to vital genes (TLR 3, TBK 1, IRF 3 and IFN ß) in TLR 3 signaling pathway were investigated in the presence/absence of Polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid (PolyI: C) to ascertain the antiviral mechanism of these flowers. Real-time PCR and western blot were applied to determine the expressions of mRNA and proteins, respectively, and immunofluorescence assay was employed to study the effect on IRF 3 distribution between nuclei and cytoplasma. In the absence of PolyI:C, the crude extract reduced the mRNA expression of TLR 3, IRF 3 and IFN ß and the protein expression of TLR 3, and increased the protein expression of IRF 3 and the distribution of IRF 3 in nuclei. In the presence of PolyI:C, the extract reduced the mRNA and protein expressions of TLR 3 and the mRNA expression of IFN ß, meanwhile inhibited the translocation of IRF 3 into nuclei. The antiviral mechanism of the crude extract from the flowers of T. chinensis is to protect the host from inflammatory damage through intervening the TLR 3 signaling pathway and reducing the secretion of inflammatory factors.
Asunto(s)
Antivirales/farmacología , Flores/química , Extractos Vegetales/farmacología , Ranunculaceae/química , Transducción de Señal/efectos de los fármacos , Receptor Toll-Like 3/metabolismo , Animales , Antivirales/química , Supervivencia Celular , Perros , Regulación de la Expresión Génica/efectos de los fármacos , Células de Riñón Canino Madin Darby , Extractos Vegetales/química , ARN Mensajero/genética , ARN Mensajero/metabolismo , Receptor Toll-Like 3/genéticaRESUMEN
We present an efficient and faithful hyperentanglement purification protocol (hyper-EPP) for three-photon system in mixed hyperentangled Greenberger-Horne-Zeilinger states with bit-flip errors in both spatial-mode and polarization degrees of freedom (DOFs), resorting to the fidelity-robust quantum gates and hyperentanglement link. Our high-efficiency hyper-EPP comes from two aspects. One is to pump the higher-fidelity hyperentanglement from different three-photon systems into the same three-photon system with fidelity-robust swap gates, the other is to reproduce some hyperentangled three-photon systems from hyperentangled two-photon subsystems based on hyperentanglement link. Moreover, as the infidelity originating from imperfect single-photon scattering can be heralded as a failure by triggering a detector, our hyper-EPP operates faithfully with the present quantum circuits. Furthermore, our hyper-EPP can be directly extended to purify multiple photon systems entangled in one DOF or hyperentangled in multiple DOFs.