Phase noise suppression technique based on an improved reference interferometer scheme.

The reference interferometer scheme is an effective noise reduction method, but the optical path length difference (OPD) of the two interferometers must be strictly equal, which limits its application in practical environments. In this paper, an improved reference interferometer demodulation technique without strictly equal OPDs is proposed to suppress phase noise. By introducing a reference interferometer, the phase noise can be removed from the demodulation results. The combination of the differential self-multiplication algorithm and the fitted phase modulation depth calculation formula can evaluate the phase modulation depth of both interferometers in real time and simultaneously eliminate the nonlinear distortion caused by phase modulation depth drift and the effect of different OPDs on the reference interferometer scheme. The experimental results show that the technique can obtain highly stable and accurate demodulation results even if the OPDs of the two reference interferometers are different. The phase modulation depth calculation error is less than 0.57%, the maximum phase noise reduction is 15 dB, the average reduction is 9 dB, the minimum total harmonic distortion is 0.17%, and the SINAD reaches 35.90 dB.

[The Response of Tribal Cultural Care to the Physical and Emotional Needs of Older Adults During the COVID-19 Pandemic].

As Taiwan's society ages, Tribal Cultural Health Stations serve as in situ long-term care centers that are committed to building a long-term care service model for indigenous peoples based on cultural care. The cultural sensitivity, cultural ability, and tribal ability of long-term care planners and professional helpers remains insufficient, making it difficult to achieve the policy goals of "designing for the tribes and for the locals" and "creating a cultural care mechanism". However, based on a foundation of local blood and geo-relationship and through the care expertise and interpersonal network established through long-term tribal cultivation and service, a cultural care mechanism that meets local awareness, local needs, and human trust has been formed by expanding linkages among the resources of all local stakeholders. During the COVID-19 epidemic, this has helped facilitate the recovery of the emotional and physical health of older tribal adults. For example, caregivers have been able to help ease the anxieties among older adults in indigenous communities regarding vaccination, fear of infection, isolation, and interpersonal suspicions. In addition, the positive role of the tribal cultural care mechanism as a social safety valve during the pandemic has been demonstrated.

Method for controlling temperature sensitivity of the fiber intermodal sensor and its application in the torsion sensor.

Temperature crosstalk has always been a critical problem for fiber intermodal sensors. In this work, we have proposed a novel method based on the special temperature response of photosensitive fiber to control the temperature sensitivity of the fiber intermodal sensor. The control of temperature sensitivity has been realized via adjusting the proportion of photosensitive fiber to single-mode fiber in the sensing part. The temperature sensitivity as high as -192 pm/°C, and as low as -2.6 pm/°C can be obtained, satisfying the demand in both research and application. The torsion sensor is taken as an example to illustrate feasibility of this method, showing no evident interference in the measurement of torsion parameters. The proposed method outstrips the conventional one by simple structure, facile manufacture, multiple use and low cost, which brings great promise for further employment in laboratory and industry.

[Development of Micro-Spectrometer with a Function of Timely Temperature Compensation].

Temperature drift will be brought to Micro-Spectrometer used for demodulating the Varied Line-Space(VLS) grating position sensor on aircraft due to high-low temperature shock. We successfully made a Micro-Spectrometer, for the VLS grating position sensor on aircraft, which still have stable output under temperature shock enviro nment. In order to present a real time temperature compensation scheme, the effects temperature change has on Micro-Spectrometer are analyzed and the traditional cross Czerny-Turner (C-T)optical structure is optimized. Both optical structures are analyzed by optics design software ZEMAX and proved that comparedwithtraditional cross C-T optical structure, the newone can accomplish not only smaller spectrum drift but also spectrum drift with better linearity. Based on the new optical structure. The scheme of using reference wavelength to accomplish real time temperature compensation was proposed and a Micro-fiber Spectrometer was successfully manufactured, whith is with Volume of 80 mm X 70 mmX 70 mm, integration time of 8 ~1 000 ms and FullWidthHalfMaximum(FWHM) of 2 nm. Experiments show that the new spectrometer meets the design requirement. Under high temperature in the range of nearly 60 °C, the standard error of wavelength of this new spectrometer is smaller than 0. 1 nm, and the maximum error of wavelength is 0. 14 nm, which is much smaller than required 0. 3 nm. Innovations of this paper are the schemeof real time temperature compensation, the new cross C-T optical structure and a Micro-fiber Spectrometer based on it.

DNA barcoding of true limpets (Order Patellogastropoda) along coast of China: a case study.

In this study, we applied a partial sequence of mitochondrial COI gene as DNA barcode to assess the viability of DNA barcoding for distinguishing Patellogastropoda. One-hundred thirty-five COI gene sequences were obtained from 13 species belonging to Nacellidae (Cellana) and Lottiidae (Lottia, Patelloida and Nipponacmea) along the coast of China. The alignment result of these sequences indicated the existence of insertions in mitochondrial COI gene of Patellogastropoda. The Kimura 2-parameter (K2P) distances within species and genera were 0.00-1.01% (average 0.07%) and 18.09-37.80% (average 24.07%), respectively, an obvious barcoding gap existed. All species in our study were clearly discriminated in all trees (neighbor-joining (NJ), Bayesian, and maximum likelihood (ML) tree) with a highly supported clade node. The character-based barcode method successfully identified 100% of the Patellogastropod species included, and performed well in discriminating Patellogastropod genera. The results of this study affirm that DNA barcoding based on the COI gene can identify species belonging to Patellogastropoda rapidly and accurately.

DNA barcoding reveal patterns of species diversity among northwestern Pacific molluscs.

This study represents the first comprehensive molecular assessment of northwestern Pacific molluscs. In total, 2801 DNA barcodes belonging to 569 species from China, Japan and Korea were analyzed. An overlap between intra- and interspecific genetic distances was present in 71 species. We tested the efficacy of this library by simulating a sequence-based specimen identification scenario using Best Match (BM), Best Close Match (BCM) and All Species Barcode (ASB) criteria with three threshold values. BM approach returned 89.15% true identifications (95.27% when excluding singletons). The highest success rate of congruent identifications was obtained with BCM at 0.053 threshold. The analysis of our barcode library together with public data resulted in 582 Barcode Index Numbers (BINs), 72.2% of which was found to be concordantly with morphology-based identifications. The discrepancies were divided in two groups: sequences from different species clustered in a single BIN and conspecific sequences divided in one more BINs. In Neighbour-Joining phenogram, 2,320 (83.0%) queries fromed 355 (62.4%) species-specific barcode clusters allowing their successful identification. 33 species showed paraphyletic and haplotype sharing. 62 cases are represented by deeply diverged lineages. This study suggest an increased species diversity in this region, highlighting taxonomic revision and conservation strategy for the cryptic complexes.