RESUMEN
This work introduces the encapsulation of hexamethylene diisocyanate derivatives (HDI, TriHDI, and PHDI) with the biodegradable polymer poly(butylene adipate-co-terephthalate) (PBAT) through a solvent evaporation method. These microcapsules (MCs) were then employed in adhesive formulations for footwear. Moreover, MCs containing PHDI were produced in a closed vessel, demonstrating the potential for recovering and reusing organic solvents for the first time. The MCs were achieved with an isocyanate payload reaching up to 68 wt %, displaying a spherical shape, a core-shell structure, and thin walls without holes or cracks. The application of MCs as cross-linking agents for adhesives was evaluated following industry standards. The adhesives' strength surpassed the minimum requirement by a significant margin. Creep tests demonstrated that the formulation with MCs exhibits superior thermostability. Furthermore, the formulation with MCs-PHDI presented the best results reported to date for this type of system, as no displacement was observed in the bonded substrates. Environmental assessment indicates that adhesives with MCs have higher global warming potential (+16.2%) and energy consumption (+10.8%) than the standard commercial adhesives, but under alternative realistic scenarios, the differences can be insignificant. Therefore, adhesive formulations incorporating MCs promise to be on par with traditional adhesive systems regarding environmental impacts while providing benefits such as improved and safe handling of isocyanates and excellent bonding effectiveness.
RESUMEN
Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is now a major global problem largely resulting from the overuse of antibiotics in humans and livestock. In some AMR bacteria, resistance is encoded by conjugative plasmids expressing sex-pili that can readily spread resistance through bacterial populations. The aim of this study was to use sex pilus-specific (SPS) phage to reduce the carriage of AMR plasmids. Here, we demonstrate that SPS phage can kill AMR Escherichia coli and select for AMR plasmid loss in vitro. For the first time, we also demonstrate that SPS phage can both prevent the spread of AMR Salmonella Enteritidis infection in chickens and shift the bacterial population towards antibiotic sensitivity.
Asunto(s)
Infecciones Bacterianas/genética , Bacteriófagos/genética , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/virología , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/virología , Animales , Antibacterianos/farmacología , Infecciones Bacterianas/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones Bacterianas/microbiología , Infecciones Bacterianas/virología , Bacteriófagos/crecimiento & desarrollo , Pollos/microbiología , Farmacorresistencia Bacteriana Múltiple/genética , Escherichia coli/efectos de los fármacos , Escherichia coli/patogenicidad , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/tratamiento farmacológico , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/genética , Infecciones por Escherichia coli/microbiología , Pili Sexual/efectos de los fármacos , Pili Sexual/genética , Plásmidos/genética , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/tratamiento farmacológico , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/genética , Enfermedades de las Aves de Corral/microbiología , Salmonella enteritidis/efectos de los fármacos , Salmonella enteritidis/patogenicidadRESUMEN
Este Plano de Ação foi desenvolvido pelo Profissional de Educação Física do Núcleo de Apoio à Saúde da Família (NASF) de Teófilo Otoni após Diagnóstico Situacional através de Estimativa Rápida na Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF) Matinha em Teófilo Otoni/MG, tal diagnóstico evidenciou os principais problemas de saúde da comunidade dos quais foi escolhido como o mais relevante o alto número de usuários idosos com sobrepeso e obesidade. Após priorizar o referido problema, este foi descrito e explicado encontrando-se suas causas e conseqüências, permitindo elaborar quatro operações que objetivam minimizar tal problema, sendo elas: + Vida; Promover Saúde; Descobrindo a Obesidade; Avalia Saúde. Todos os objetivos, resultados e produtos esperados além dos recursos específicos necessários a cada operação foram minuciosamente detalhados, assim como os recursos críticos e análise da viabilidade das ações, o plano operativo para motivação dos atores que controlam tais recursos e as planilhas de avaliação das ações para desenvolvimento das operações.