Implementing a Rapid Response System in a tertiary-care hospital. A cost-effectiveness study.

PURPOSE: The occurrence of adverse events (AE) in hospitalized patients substancially increases the risk of disability or death, having a major negative clinical and economic impact on public health. For early identification of patients at risk and to establish preventive measures, different healthcare systems have implemented rapid response systems (RRS). The aim of this study was to carry out a cost-effectiveness analysis of implementing a RRS in a tertiary-care hospital. METHODS: We included all the patients admitted to Hospital Clínic de Barcelona from 1 to 2016 to 31 December 2016. The cost-effectiveness analysis was summarized as the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (incremental cost divided by the incremental effectiveness of the two alternatives, RRS versus non-RRS). The effectiveness of the RRS, defined as improvements in health outcomes (AE, cardiopulmonary arrest and mortality), was obtained from the literature and applied to the included patient cohort. A budget impact analysis on the implementation of the RRS from a hospital perspective was performed over a 5-year time horizon. RESULTS: 42,409 patients were included, and 448 (1.05%) had severe AE requiring ICU admission. The cost-effectiveness analysis showed an incremental cost (savings) of EUR - 1,471,101 of RRS versus the non-RRS. The budgetary impact showed a cost reduction of EUR 896,762.00 in the first year and EUR 1,588,579.00 from the second to the fifth year. CONCLUSIONS: The present analysis shows the RRS as a dominant, less costly and more effective structure compared to the non-RRS.

Clinical evaluation of the Baska Mask laryngeal mask in adult patients in ambulatory surgery.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical performance of the Baska Mask, a new second-generation supraglottic airway device with a self-inflating cuff and two side suction channels for continuous aspiration. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Eighty adult patients without difficult airways were prospectively included. Ease of insertion and number of attempts needed, quality of ventilation, airway seal pressure, fibreoptic view, ease of gastric access, and complications were assessed. Sizes 3, 4, 5 were analyzed and compared. RESULTS: First attempt insertion success rate was 88% and the overall rate was 100%, although additional maneuvers were necessary in 44% of the cases. The ventilation was adequate in 96%, with 39% of them requiring adjusting maneuvers. Size 3 needed significantly less adjustments, and achieved a higher seal pressure than sizes 4 and 5 combined. The airway seal pressure was 33 ± 7 cm H2O. Complete or partial vocal cords were visible in 90% of the 66 cases assessed. Partial obstruction, caused by distortion of the cuff-free border, was seen in 5%, and no glottic structures were identified in 5%. Gastric access was easy in all cases. Complications were mild and transient. CONCLUSIONS: The Baska Mask achieves a high seal pressure, effective ventilation, and a quick access to drain gastric contents. However, additional adjustment maneuvers are frequently required to insert the mask and to optimize ventilation.

Evaluación clínica de la mascarilla laríngea Baska Mask ® en pacientes adultos en cirugía mayor ambulatoria / Clinical evaluation of the Baska Mask ® laryngeal mask in adult patients in ambulatory surgery

Objetivo. Valorar el comportamiento clínico de la Baska Mask®, un nuevo dispositivo supraglótico de ventilación que incorpora un balón autoinflable y doble canal de aspiración. Material y métodos. Se incluyeron prospectivamente 80 pacientes sin criterios de vía aérea difícil. Se evaluaron el número de intentos y la facilidad de inserción, la ventilación, la presión de sellado de la vía aérea, la visión fibrobroncoscópica, el acceso gástrico y las complicaciones observadas. Se analizaron y compararon los tamaños 3, 4 y 5. Resultados. La tasa de éxito de inserción al primer intento fue del 88%, y la global, del 100%, aunque en el 44% de los casos fue necesario rotar o curvar el dispositivo. La ventilación fue eficaz en el 96%, requiriendo maniobras de ajuste en el 39%. La presión de sellado fue de 33 ± 7 cmH2O. El tamaño 3 requirió significativamente menos ajustes y obtuvo una presión de sellado más alta. La visión total o parcial de las cuerdas vocales se obtuvo en el 90% de los 66 casos evaluados, en el 5% se observó obstrucción parcial por distorsión del borde libre del balón, y en el 5% restante no se identificaron estructuras glóticas. La inserción de la sonda gástrica fue fácil en todos los casos. Las complicaciones fueron leves y transitorias. Conclusiones. La Baska Mask consiguió una presión de sellado elevada, una ventilación adecuada y un acceso gástrico rápido. Sin embargo, requirió con frecuencia aplicar maniobras de ajuste para la inserción y para obtener una ventilación adecuada (AU)

Objective. To evaluate the clinical performance of the Baska Mask®, a new second-generation supraglottic airway device with a self-inflating cuff and two side suction channels for continuous aspiration. Material and methods. Eighty adult patients without difficult airways were prospectively included. Ease of insertion and number of attempts needed, quality of ventilation, airway seal pressure, fibreoptic view, ease of gastric access, and complications were assessed. Sizes 3, 4, 5 were analyzed and compared. Results. First attempt insertion success rate was 88% and the overall rate was 100%, although additional maneuvers were necessary in 44% of the cases. The ventilation was adequate in 96%, with 39% of them requiring adjusting maneuvers. Size 3 needed significantly less adjustments, and achieved a higher seal pressure than sizes 4 and 5 combined. The airway seal pressure was 33 ± 7 cmH2O. Complete or partial vocal cords were visible in 90% of the 66 cases assessed. Partial obstruction, caused by distortion of the cuff-free border, was seen in 5%, and no glottic structures were identified in 5%. Gastric access was easy in all cases. Complications were mild and transient. Conclusions. The Baska Mask achieves a high seal pressure, effective ventilation, and a quick access to drain gastric contents. However, additional adjustment maneuvers are frequently required to insert the mask and to optimize ventilation (AU)