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In this study, we describe composited perovskite films based on the doping of lead cesium triiodide (CsPbI3) quantum dots (QDs) into methylammonium lead iodide (MAPbI3). CsPbI3 QDs and MAPbI3 were prepared by ligand-assisted re-precipitation and solution mixing, respectively. These films were optimized by oxygen plasma treatment, and the effect of powers from 0 to 80 W on the structural properties of the composited perovskite films is discussed. The experimental results showed that the light-harvesting ability of the films was enhanced at 20 W. The formation of the metastable state (lead(II) oxide and lead tetroxide) was demonstrated by peak differentiation-imitating. A low power enhanced the quality of the films due to the removal of organic impurities, whereas a high power caused surface damage in the films owing to the severe degradation of MAPbI3.
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Activation energy, bipolar resistance switching behavior, and the electrical conduction transport properties of ITOX:SiO2 thin film resistive random access memory (RRAM) devices were observed and discussed. The ITOX:SiO2 thin films were prepared using a co-sputtering deposition method on the TiN/Si substrate. For the RRAM device structure fabrication, an Al/ITOX:SiO2/TiN/Si structure was prepared by using aluminum for the top electrode and a TiN material for the bottom electrode. In addition, grain growth, defect reduction, and RRAM device performance of the ITOX:SiO2 thin film for the various oxygen gas flow conditions were observed and described. Based on the I-V curve measurements of the RRAM devices, the turn on-off ratio and the bipolar resistance switching properties of the Al/ITOX:SiO2/TiN/Si RRAM devices in the set and reset states were also obtained. At low operating voltages and high resistance values, the conductance mechanism exhibits hopping conduction mechanisms for set states. Moreover, at high operating voltages, the conductance mechanism behaves as an ohmic conduction current mechanism. Finally, the Al/ITOX:SiO2/TiN/Si RRAM devices demonstrated memory window properties, bipolar resistance switching behavior, and nonvolatile characteristics for next-generation nonvolatile memory applications.
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In the reset state, the decay reaction mechanism and bipolar switching properties of vanadium oxide thin film RRAM devices for LRS/HRS are investigated and discussed here. To discover the properties of I-V switching curves, the first order rate law behaviors of the reset state between the resistant variety properties and the reaction time were observed. To verify the decay reaction mechanism in the reset state, vanadium oxide thin films from RRAM devices were measured by different constant voltage sampling and exhibited the same decay reaction rate constant. Finally, the electrical conduction transfer mechanism and metallic filament forming model described by I-V switching properties of the RRAM devices were proven and investigated.
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While adult pancreatic stem cells are thought not to exist, it is now appreciated that the acinar compartment harbors progenitors, including tissue-repairing facultative progenitors (FPs). Here, we study a pancreatic acinar population marked by trefoil factor 2 (Tff2) expression. Long-term lineage tracing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) analysis of Tff2-DTR-CreERT2-targeted cells defines a transit-amplifying progenitor (TAP) population that contributes to normal homeostasis. Following acute and chronic injury, Tff2+ cells, distinct from FPs, undergo depopulation but are eventually replenished. At baseline, oncogenic KrasG12D-targeted Tff2+ cells are resistant to PDAC initiation. However, KrasG12D activation in Tff2+ cells leads to survival and clonal expansion following pancreatitis and a cancer stem/progenitor cell-like state. Selective ablation of Tff2+ cells prior to KrasG12D activation in Mist1+ acinar or Dclk1+ FP cells results in enhanced tumorigenesis, which can be partially rescued by adenoviral Tff2 treatment. Together, Tff2 defines a pancreatic TAP population that protects against Kras-driven carcinogenesis.
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Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático , Neoplasias Pancreáticas , Humanos , Neoplasias Pancreáticas/genética , Factor Trefoil-2/metabolismo , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/genética , Carcinoma Ductal Pancreático/metabolismo , Páncreas/metabolismo , Células Acinares/metabolismo , Carcinogénesis/genética , Carcinogénesis/metabolismoRESUMEN
The purpose of this study is to reduce the glass substrate reflectivity over a wide spectral range (400-1200 nm) without having high reflectivity in the near-infrared region. After making porous SiO2/MgF2 double-layer antireflection (DLAR) thin film structure, the superstrate-type silicon-based tandem cells are added. In comparison to having only silicon-based tandem solar cells, the short-circuit current density has improved by 6.82% when porous SiO2/MgF2 DLAR thin film is applied to silicon-based tandem solar cells. This study has demonstrated that porous SiO2/MgF2 DLAR thin film structure provides antireflection properties over a broad spectral range (400-1200 nm) without having high reflectivity at near-infrared wavelengths.
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Fluoruros/química , Lentes , Compuestos de Magnesio/química , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Silicio/química , Diseño de Equipo , Análisis de Falla de Equipo , Luz , Porosidad , Dispersión de RadiaciónRESUMEN
Adult mesenchymal stem cells play an important role in maintaining organ homeostasis owing to their unique ability to generate more specialized cell populations in a coordinated manner. Adult mesenchymal stem cells are heterogeneous, a feature that is essential for their functions. However, studies have not elucidated how heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells affects their differentiation capacity. The current study thus explored the heterogeneous Dental Follicle Stem Cells (DFSCs). A previous study by our research group reported that selecting sub-clones can cause artificial damage of the heterogeneous microenvironment of DFSCs. The finds showed a decrease in differentiation capacity of the three subclones, although the underlying mechanism was not elucidated. In this study, cells were harvested and prepared for gene expression microarray analysis. Sequence data was used in gene ontology and pathway enrichment analysis. The results showed that downregulation of the TGF-ß signaling pathway was the main cause of changes in differentiation of sub-clones. Additional analyses revealed that the Hippo pathway, WNT pathway and signaling pathways regulating the pluripotency of stem cells were also implicated in these changes, through a cross talk with TGF-ß signaling pathway through Bmp2, Bmp4, and Bambi. In vivo implantation experiments and osteogenic induction showed that differentiation capacity of DFSCs was significantly reduced in the sub-clones. In summary, the findings of the current study show that differentiation potential of DFSCs is correlated with the heterogeneous microenvironment and TGF-ß signaling pathway significantly modulates these biological processes.
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Diferenciación Celular , Saco Dental/citología , Transducción de Señal , Células Madre/citología , Células Madre/metabolismo , Factor de Crecimiento Transformador beta/metabolismo , Animales , Células Clonales , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica , Ontología de Genes , Odontogénesis/genética , Ratas Sprague-Dawley , Reproducibilidad de los ResultadosRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: In about 15% to 20% of breast cancer cases, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) over-expression or gene-amplification is associated with poor prognosis. Thanks to the development of target therapies, HER2 positive patients can be managed using HER2-targeting drugs. There are several kinds ofHER2 inhibitors, such as trastuzumab, lapatinib, and pyrotinib. Pyrotinib which exert different functions, of note, the latest generation of the drug, is an irreversible small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitor targeting epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) (HER1) and/or HER2âand/or HER4. Both lapatinib and pyrotinib potentially target EGFR and/or HER2, but in some instances, induces different responses of patients with EGFR and/or HER2 mutations. This is attributed to the different mutations in EGFR and HER2 genes, which may form distinct types of HER2 dimers, with different binding capacities to drugs. PATIENT CONCERNS: Five years ago, a patient underwent a radical mastectomy in an external hospital. Results of the resection histopathology revealed an invasive ductal carcinoma, pT3N0M0, stage IIB, HER2 positive. The lady patient received 6 cycles of adjuvant chemotherapy and was subjected to adjuvant trastuzumab therapy for 1 year. After a regular 1-year follow-up and in March 2018, she complained of chest pain and visited our hospital. We diagnosed her with metastatic breast cancer, positive for HER2. DIAGNOSIS: positron emission tomography/computed tomography showed multiple metastases in the lung and sternum, while the breast lesions did not progress, the curative effect of which we evaluated as a progressive disease. Then, lapatinib integrated with chemotherapy was administered to the patient. After 5 cycles of the treatment, the patient experienced lower back pain. Through CT examination, it was revealed that she had multiple metastases in the lung and sternum, in addition to new metastases in the lumbar spine and right lobe of the liver. Moreover, magnetic resonance imaging revealed multiple metastases in the brain, and the disease further progressed. The results of circulating tumor DNA assays showed that other than HER2 amplification, novel EGFR-ZNF880 fusion and EGFR E114K mutations developed. INTERVENTIONS: The patient was administered with a combination of pyrotinib with chemotherapy. OUTCOMES: After 2 months of pyrotinib treatment, the metastases of the lung, sternum, lumbar spine, and right lobe of the liver disappeared. Also, the size of the brain metastases reduced while bone metastases were relieved. The curative effect was evaluated as a partial response. Following the results of circulating tumor DNA assays, HER2 amplification, EGFR-ZNF880 fusion, and EGFR E114K mutations disappeared. However, since a small lesion was present in the brain, the patient was subjected to radiotherapy in the head. Notably, after 9 months treatment with pyrotinib, enhanced CT indicated that tumors in the breast, liver, both lungs, brain, and bone were under control. The patient continually received oral pyrotinib, however, a new brain lesion appeared 6 months later. Overall, we managed to regulate the efficacy of pyrotinib for up to 15 months. CONCLUSION: This case report demonstrates that EGFR-ZNF880 fusion and EGFR E114K mutations may contribute or lead to the formation of a special HER2 dimer, which is rapidly resistant to lapatinib but sensitive to pyrotinib. Of note, this is the first report that such a new fusion has been found.
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Acrilamidas/uso terapéutico , Aminoquinolinas/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de la Mama/patología , Receptores ErbB/genética , Receptores ErbB/metabolismo , Acrilamidas/administración & dosificación , Adulto , Aminoquinolinas/administración & dosificación , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Carcinoma Ductal de Mama , Quimioterapia Adyuvante , Femenino , Humanos , Mastectomía , Metástasis de la Neoplasia , Estadificación de Neoplasias , Receptor ErbB-2/antagonistas & inhibidores , Receptor ErbB-2/metabolismoRESUMEN
In this work, a novel embolic microspheres with micro nano binary progressive structure (MN-Ms) were developed for transarterial chemoembolization (TCE) applications. The Bletilla striata polysaccharide (Bsp) polymer can inhibit neovascularization and having a dimensional porous network structure, which as the first level of micron structure (microspheres) and will play a role on tumor embolization and inhibition of ischemia-induced neovascularization. The nano flexible liposomes which were embedded by the Bsp polymer microspheres as the second level nano structure to deliver drug across biological membrane barriers. And the micro nano binary progressive structure of MN-Ms was easily formed by using an emulsion crosslinking method. The MN-Ms appeared as perfect round shape with desired swelling and suspensibility characteristics, this was very convenient for embolizing operation by TCE. Due to the binary progressive structure, the MN-Ms could effectively site-specific delivery drug to the targeted liver tissue by enhancing the permeability of Sodium dimethyl-cantharidate (SC) across vessel walls & tissue matrix and delaying drug release at the site of administration, this caused the administrated SC mostly accumulated in the liver, also a higher cytotoxicity to human hepatoma cells. This work indicate that the MN-Ms may be a promising embolic agent for TCE applications for advanced liver cancer.
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Carcinoma Hepatocelular , Quimioembolización Terapéutica , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/tratamiento farmacológico , Liberación de Fármacos , Humanos , Neoplasias Hepáticas/tratamiento farmacológico , MicroesferasRESUMEN
Objective:To investigate the prognosis of childhood adrenoleukodystrophy (ALD) with cognitive disorder after haploidentical allogenic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (haplo-HSCT), and to identify risk factors affecting the prognosis.Methods:It was a single-center retrospective study involving 31 ALD children receiving haplo-HSCT in Peking University People′s Hospital from January 2014 to October 2022.Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan-Meier method. Cox regression analysis was performed to identify risk factors for the prognosis of childhood ALD following haplo-HSCT. Results:Among the 31 children with ALD, 1 case died of cardiogenic shock during the transplantation, and the remaining had a successful haplo-HSCT.Ten children with ALD had cognitive disorder before haplo-HSCT, including 3 cases with the minimal LOES score ≥10 points and 8 cases with the Neurologic Function Score (NFS)>0 point before haplo-HSCT.Six children had major functional disability (MFD) and 2 cases died due to progression of ALD after haplo-HSCT.Twenty children did not have cognitive disorder before haplo-HSCT, of whom 3 cases had the LOES score≥10 points and 6 cases had NFS>0 before haplo-HSCT.Four children had MFD and 2 cases died due to progression of ALD after haplo-HSCT.For ALD patients without cognitive disorder after haplo-HSCT, the 3-year and 5-year survival rate were 100.0% and 72.9%, respectively, and the 5-year MFD-free survival was 61.6%.For ALD patients with cognitive disorder after haplo-HSCT, the 3-year survival rate was 83.3%.Compared with ALD patients with the LOES score<10 points before haplo-HSCT, those with the LOES score≥10 points had 9.243 times the risk of developing MFD after haplo-HSCT ( P=0.024, 95% CI: 1.332-64.127). Compared with ALD patients without cognitive disorder before haplo-HSCT, ALD patients with cognitive disorder had 9.749 times the risk of developing MFD after haplo-HSCT ( P=0.023, 95% CI: 1.358-66.148). Conclusions:Cognitive disorder and LOES score≥10 points before haplo-HSCT are risk factors for developing MFD in children with ALD following haplo-HSCT.
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Objective To investigate the clinical and pathological features of children with glycogen storage disease (GSD). Methods A retrospective analysis was performed for ten children with GSD who were admitted to the Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University and The Fifth Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital from January 2002 to January 2022, based on medical history, liver biochemistry, and liver biopsy, and population characteristics, clinical manifestations, biochemical parameters, and liver histopathological characteristics were compared and analyzed. Results All ten children had developmental retardation and a short stature, with the manifestations of abnormal liver function, mild weakness, poor appetite, yellow urine, and yellow eyes, and four children had hepatosplenomegaly. Among the ten children, six had the clinical manifestations of hypoglycemia, and one had bilateral gastrocnemius hypertrophy and positive Gower sign. Two children had positive CMV IgG. Liver histopathological manifestations included diffuse enlargement of hepatocytes, light cytoplasm, and small nucleus in the middle like plant cells, with or without fibrous tissue proliferation. Conclusion Most patients with GSD have developmental retardation and abnormal aminotransferases, and liver pathological examination shows specific pathological features.
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Objective:To observe the clinical effects of hot-wet compression with Xiaohua ointment for acne mastitis in mass stage and its impacts on humoral immune function and inflammation.Methods:85 cases of patients with acne mastitis in mass stage treated in our hospital from January 2018 to January 2019 were selected as the research objects and randomly divided into control group (42 cases) and observation group (43 cases). The control group taken Tuoli xiaodu powder and external use of purple detumescence cream, and the observation group received hot-wet compression with Xiaohua ointment additionally. All treated for 30 days. The clinical efficacy, symptom scores, breast mass size, humoral immune indexes, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) were compared, and the adverse reactions were recorded.Results:After treatment, the humoral immune indexes of the two groups had no significant change ( P>0.05), but the pain score, breast tumor size, mass score, CRP and ESR were significantly decreased than those before treatment ( P<0.05); compared with the control group, the pain score, breast tumor size and mass score in the observation group were significantly lower than those in the control group ( P<0.05). The total effective rate of the observation group was 83.7%, which was significantly higher than 59.5% of the control group ( P<0.05). There were no obvious adverse reactions in both groups. Conclusions:Hot-wet compression with Xiaohua ointment is effective and safe for patients with acne mastitis in mass stage, and could improve their inflammation.
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An improved method for fabricating recessed-structure surface acoustic wave (SAW) filters is reported. The relation between proton-exchanged duration and etched depth are studied, as well as the relation between internal reflection, etched depth, and thickness of the aluminum electrode. Experimental results show that the devices have superior performance, and ideas for further improvement of the fabricated SAW device are discussed.
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A procedure for fabricating a recessed surface acoustic wave (SAW) device coupled with silicon substrate is reported. The recessed structure is stable and rugged enough against the bonding process, and it can be applied to integrate a semiconductor device into one chip by a direct bonding technique. In this paper, the tensile strength of silicon (Si)-to-recessed-SAW filter is measured, and the performance of the device is discussed.
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OBJECTIVE@#To report on a case of 10p15.3 microdeletion syndrome and to explore its clinical and molecular characteristics.@*METHODS@#The patient was subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES), with his clinical features discussed in the light of literature review.@*RESULTS@#The patient presented with global developmental delay, hypotonia, autistic-like traits, mild facial dysmorphism and other features including short stature, small hands and feet, congenital heart disease and feeding difficulty. WES has detected deletions of ZMYND11, DIP2C, LARP4B, TUBB8, GTPBP4, IDI2, IDI1, WOR37 and ADARB2 genes on the short arm of chromosome 10. Among these, ZMYND11 gene been previously associated with intellectual disability.@*CONCLUSION@#The patient's phenotype was closely correlated with that of 10p15.3 microdeletion syndrome. Haploinsufficiency of the ZMYND11 gene may underlie the manifestations of 10p15.3 microdeletion syndrome.
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Humanos , Proteínas Portadoras , Deleción Cromosómica , Cromosomas Humanos Par 10 , Exoma , Proteínas de Unión al GTP , Discapacidad Intelectual , Proteínas Nucleares , Fenotipo , Tubulina (Proteína) , Secuenciación del ExomaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the etiology and risk factors for unintentional injuries in children admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU), and to provide a basis for preventing these injuries and decreasing the mortality rate.@*METHODS@#A retrospective analysis was performed on the clinical data of children with unintentional injuries admitted to the PICU from December 2012 to December 2017.@*RESULTS@#A total of 102 children with unintentional injuries were admitted to the PICU, which accounted for 3.30% (102/3 087) of the overall PICU patients. The top three causes of unintentional injuries were food or drug poisoning, drowning, and foreign body ingestion and aspiration. The proportion of unintentional injuries in boys was significantly higher than in girls (P0.05). The logistic regression analysis showed that the number of organs with dysfunction after unintentional injuries, especially respiratory, cardiac, neurological, renal and hematological involvement, was closely associated with the mortality rate of children with unintentional injuries (P0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#Prevention is the key to decreasing the incidence of childhood unintentional injuries. Preventive measures should be taken based on patient's sex and age and the cause of unintentional injuries. The spread of first aid knowledge, improvement in emergency transportation, and more attention to organ protection may be useful for decreasing the mortality rate of children with unintentional injuries.
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Niño , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Cuerpos Extraños , Hospitalización , Unidades de Cuidado Intensivo Pediátrico , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Heridas y LesionesRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To provide references for effective quality control of soft capsules and discuss the applicability of method for dissolution test of soft capsules. METHODS: Based on analyzing dissolution requirements of soft capsules, we were compared the differences of methods for dissolution test in the pharmacopoeias of several countries with current correlative research from home and abord. RESULTS: The dissolution characteristics of soft capsules are more complex than common oral solid dosage forms, and the requirments are different in the pharmacopoeias of several countries. The formula of contents, hydrophilicity, rupture test and crossliking have impacts on the dissolution characteristics as well as dissolution device and so on. CONCLUSION: In order to develop the method for dissolution test of soft capsules, the dissolution device and medium, rupture test and in vitro-in vivo correlation etc. should be studied.
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This paper aimed to analyze the existing acne animal model based on the characteristics of acne clinical symptoms between Chinese and western medicine, in order to provide reference for the establishment of the rational acne animal model. Relevant literatures at home and abroad in recent years were reviewed to summarize the research progress of diagnostic criteria and drug treatment of acne with Chinese and western medicine, and analyze the existing acne animal model. The animal acne models were pathological models, and mainly reflected the clinical indicators of western medicine. Their evaluation was based on western medicine standard, with the standard of Chinese medicine for reference. More improved ideas and methods to establish acne animal models based on clinical study were put forward, so as to establish the reasonable quantitative standard for acne animal model. Furthermore, the animal model based on the combination of disease and syndrome was formed to provide a reliable experimental method for further study of acne. Rational acne animal model shall be selected according to the pathogenesis of acne, in order to improve the consistency between animal model and clinical symptoms, and lay a foundation for further study of acne.
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Microspheres (MS) are an excellent transarterial chemoembolization carrier for cancer treatment. Then the Bletilla striata polysaccharide (BSP) that was isolated from the rattan of Bletilla striata was used as skeleton material, and the matrine (ME) loaded Bletilla striata polysaccharide microspheres (ME-BSPMS) were prepared by emulsify-chemical crosslinking method. ME-BSPMS was characterized for appearance shape, particle size, drug loading, swelling ratio, suspension property, drug entrapment condition and in vitro release characteristics. The results showed that the ME-BSPMS appeared as round spherical and smooth shape by SEM, with an average size of (85 ±7) μm. ME-BSPMS with a good suspension in physiological saline and the swelling ratio could reach upwards of (53 ±4.2)% in 20 minutes, also with a large amount of drug loading of (30.12 ±3.25)%. The results of DSC scanning indicate that good compatibility exists between the ME and BSP, and the ME could be embedded fully in the matrix of the ME-BSPMS. The accumulation drug release from ME-BSPMS was (25.38 ±1.57)% at 12 h, this suggests that the ME-BSPMS has a good sustained release effect. These results indicate that the ME-BSPMS may be a promising transarterial chemoembolization carrier for cancer treatment.
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Objective:To explore the effects ofbufalin (BUF) combined with doxorubicin (DOX) on the proliferation and apoptosis in human lung cancer cell line A549 in vitro.Methods:Methyl thiazolyl tetrazolium (MTT) assay was used to measure the inhibitory effects of BUF,DOX and their combination on the growth ofA549 cells.Hoechst 33342 staining was used to observe the changes of nucleus.Flow cytometry was used to investigate the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of A549 cells.Western blot was used to examine the expression of apoptotic protein.Results:BUF and DOX showed inhibitory effect on the A549 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner.Compared with BUF or DOX alone,combination of BUF (1,20,100 nmol/L) with DOX (1.0 μg/mL) could significantly increase the growth inhibition rate ofA549 cells at 24,36,72 h,respectively (all P<0.05).BUF and DOX alone could induce apoptosis,and their combination could significantly increase the apoptosis ratio.In addition,BUF combined with DOX could block the cell stage of A549 cells,keep the cell stage stay in S stage and up-regulate the expression of caspase-3.Conclusion:BUF combined with DOX can significantly inhibit the proliferation ofA549 cells,which might be related to the induction of apoptosis,cell cycle S phase arrest and caspase-3 up-regulation.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>The aim was to update the genetic and clinical advances of congenital muscular dystrophy (CMD), based on a systematic review of the literature from 1991 to 2017.</p><p><b>DATA SOURCES</b>Articles in English published in PubMed from 1991 to 2017 English were searched. The terms used in the literature searches were CMD.</p><p><b>STUDY SELECTION</b>The task force initially identified citations for 98 published articles. Of the 98 articles, 52 studies were selected after further detailed review. Three articles, which were not written in English, were excluded from the study. This study referred to all the important and English literature in full.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>CMD is a group of early-onset disorders encompassing great clinical and genetic heterogeneity. Patients present with muscle weakness typically from birth to early infancy, delay or arrest of gross motor development, and joint and/or spinal rigidity. The diagnosis of CMD relies on clinical findings, brain and muscle imaging, muscle biopsy histology, muscle and/or skin immunohistochemical staining, and molecular genetic testing.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Advances in next-generation sequencing and histopathological techniques have enabled the recognition of distinct CMD subtypes supported by specific gene identification. Genetic counseling and multidisciplinary management of CMD play an important role in help patients and their family. Further elucidation of the significant clinical and genetic heterogeneity, therapeutic targets, and the clinical care for patients remains our challenge for the future.</p>