Effect of Acute Sprint Exercise on Myokines and Food Intake Hormones in Young Healthy Men.

Physical exercise is known to influence hormonal mediators of appetite, but the effect of short-term maximal intensity exercise on plasma levels of appetite hormones and cytokines has been little studied. We investigated the effect of a 30 s Wingate Test, followed by a postprandial period, on appetite sensations, food intake, and appetite hormones. Twenty-six physically active young males rated their subjective feelings of hunger, prospective food consumption, and fatigue on visual analogue scales at baseline, after exercise was completed, and during the postprandial period. Blood samples were obtained for the measurement of nesfatin-1, ghrelin, leptin, insulin, pancreatic polypeptide (PP), human growth factor (hGH) and cytokine interleukin-6 (IL-6), irisin and plasma lactate concentrations, at 30 min before exercise, immediately (210 s) after exercise, and 30 min following a meal and at corresponding times in control sedentary males without ad libitum meal intake, respectively. Appetite perceptions and food intake were decreased in response to exercise. Plasma levels of irisin, IL-6, lactate, nesfatin-1 and ghrelin was increased after exercise and then it was returned to postprandial/control period in both groups. A significant rise in plasma insulin, hGH and PP levels after exercise was observed while meal intake potentiated this response. In conclusion, an acute short-term fatiguing exercise can transiently suppress hunger sensations and food intake in humans. We postulate that this physiological response involves exercise-induced alterations in plasma hormones and the release of myokines such as irisin and IL-6, and supports the notion of existence of the skeletal muscle-brain-gut axis. Nevertheless, the detailed relationship between acute exercise releasing myokines, appetite sensations and impairment of this axis leading to several diseases should be further examined.

Correlation of Body Mass Index with Pelvis and Lumbar Spine Alignment in Sagittal Plane in Hemophilia Patients.

Introduction: Concern about weight gain among people has been high due to negative health consequences in addition to the increasing prevalence of the problem. Overweight and obesity also occur in patients with hemophilia. Analysis of literature shows that increased body weight might have a biomechanical effect on the spatial orientation of the pelvis and the lumbar spine. The aim of this study was to determine the correlation between body mass index (BMI) and the parameters characterizing the alignment of the sacrum (SS, sacral slope), the pelvis (PT, pelvic tilt; PI, pelvic incidence) and the angle value of lumbar lordosis (LL, lumbar lordosis) assessed in the sagittal plane among patients with hemophilia. Materials and methods: A total of 49 patients were subjected to the study, 23 of whom met the inclusion criteria. Body weight and height were measured. Measurement of the angle values of indicators characterizing the position of the lumbar-pelvic complex was established based on X-ray imaging analysis. Results: Analysis of the correlation between the BMI and sacral, pelvic, and lumbar indicators evaluated in the sagittal plane in the study group of patients with hemophilia showed a correlation between BMI and SS (r = 0.48). SS values were significantly and positively related to PI (r = 0.6; p = 0.002) and LL (r = 0.46; p = 0.02). The results obtained indicate the BMI relationship with the setting of the sacrum in the sagittal plane (SS). After adjusting for the knee flexion contracture, the correlation on the border of significance (b = 0.73, p = 0.07) between the body mass index and the spatial orientation of the pelvis and the spine was revealed. Conclusion: We hypothesize that increased body weight among people with hemophilia might have an effect on the positioning of the lumbosacral region. Therefore, it is believed that preventing obesity among people with hemophilia can contribute to a smaller number of intra-articular hemorrhages and better orthopedic condition of the limb joints, and thus could avoid changes in the lumbosacral region as well as their consequences.

Effects of a meal on the hemorheologic responses to exercise in young males.

AIM: This study investigates the changes in hemorheologic parameters resulting from exercise followed by a standard meal. METHODS: In twelve moderately active men a period of exercise on a bicycle ergometer for 30 min at 60% VO2max was followed by a test meal or by 30 min rest. Venous blood was sampled for further analysis at baseline, after exercise, and after the meal/rest period. RESULTS: The elongation index (EI) was reduced and a marked rise in plasma viscosity was observed after exercise. A significant decrease in half time of total aggregation (T 1/2) and a rise in aggregation index (AI) after exercise were observed; however, after the postexercise period these changes were reversed. CONCLUSION: The present study demonstrates that physical exercise causes several changes in blood rheology parameters, such as an increase of blood viscosity, a decrease in EI and an increase in AI, and a fall in the T 1/2 values. The meal eaten in the postexercise period caused a further reduction in EI values indicating higher red cell rigidity, but not in plasma viscosity or aggregations indices. Such alterations in hemorheologic parameters should not impair the function of the cardiovascular system in fit and healthy people but it could constitute a serious risk under various pathophysiological conditions.

Effects of exercise of different intensity on gut peptides, energy intake and appetite in young males.

UNLABELLED: INTRODUCTION AND RESEARCH AIMS: The aim of the work was an evaluation of the impact of physical exertion on the regulating of food intake and digestive system hormone release as well as the partly connected phenomenon of evaluating the subjective sensation of hunger and the amount of food consumed at various time following physical exercise. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The tests covered 12 young, healthy men, for whom the effects of physical exertion of a moderate and high intensity on the subjective sensation of hunger/satiety, evaluated by means of visual analogue scales, on food intake as well as on the metabolic and hormonal parameters were tested. RESULTS: Physical exertion resulted in a fall in the subjective sensation of hunger, but only following intensive exertion was this statistically significant. The intake of food was greater after exertion when compared to the control group. Moderate exertion resulted in a statistically significant but short-lived increase in the ghrelin level. This effect was not observed after intensive exertion, while in those tests during the post-meal period there occurred a fall in the concentration of ghrelin in the plasma. After exertion a physical fall was observed in the concentration of insulin in the plasma, for the intake of food resulted in a notable increase in its level. CONCLUSIONS: Physical highly intensive exertion, results in a temporary reduction in the subjective sensation of hunger but leads to an increased food intake. The current research suggests that moderate but not intensive physical exertion stimulates the secretion of ghrelin.