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1.
BMC Geriatr ; 23(1): 811, 2023 12 06.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38057722

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Early Detection of Deterioration in Elderly Residents (EDDIE +) is a multi-modal intervention focused on empowering nursing and personal care workers to identify and proactively manage deterioration of residents living in residential aged care (RAC) homes. Building on successful pilot trials conducted between 2014 and 2017, the intervention was refined for implementation in a stepped-wedge cluster randomised trial in 12 RAC homes from March 2021 to May 2022. We report the process used to transition from a small-scale pilot intervention to a multi-site intervention, detailing the intervention to enable future replication. METHODS: The EDDIE + intervention used the integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework to guide the intervention development and refinement process. We conducted an environmental scan; multi-level context assessments; convened an intervention working group (IWG) to develop the program logic, conducted a sustainability assessment and deconstructed the intervention components into fixed and adaptable elements; and subsequently refined the intervention for trial. RESULTS: The original EDDIE pilot intervention included four components: nurse and personal care worker education; decision support tools; diagnostic equipment; and facilitation and clinical support. Deconstructing the intervention into core components and what could be flexibly tailored to context was essential for refining the intervention and informing future implementation across multiple sites. Intervention elements considered unsustainable were updated and refined to enable their scalability. Refinements included: an enhanced educational component with a greater focus on personal care workers and interactive learning; decision support tools that were based on updated evidence; equipment that aligned with recipient needs and available organisational support; and updated facilitation model with local and external facilitation. CONCLUSION: By using the i-PARIHS framework in the scale-up process, the EDDIE + intervention was tailored to fit the needs of intended recipients and contexts, enabling flexibility for local adaptation. The process of transitioning from a pilot to larger scale implementation in practice is vastly underreported yet vital for better development and implementation of multi-component interventions across multiple sites. We provide an example using an implementation framework and show it can be advantageous to researchers and health practitioners from pilot stage to refinement, through to larger scale implementation. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial was prospectively registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry (ACTRN12620000507987, registered 23/04/2020).


Asunto(s)
Hogares para Ancianos , Casas de Salud , Anciano , Humanos , Investigación sobre Servicios de Salud , Manejo de Datos
2.
Health Care Manage Rev ; 48(3): 208-218, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36959125

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The limited published evidence relating to the experiences and outcomes of a unit dispersement model is generally more negative than positive from an allied health perspective. PURPOSE: The perceptions of allied health managers and leaders after the transition to a unit dispersement structure were explored in this study. The objectives were to review the impacts of this type of structure and the factors for health care organizations to consider before incorporating allied health professions into a clinical matrix structure. METHODOLOGY: A qualitative study was conducted in a large regional multisite public hospital and health service located in Australia. Semistructured interviews and focus groups were conducted with 30 allied health frontline managers and leaders. RESULTS: Four negative impacts on the work experience of allied health professionals in a dispersement structure were identified through data analysis as: a negative impact on service delivery to patients, a detrimental effect on professional identity, reduced ability of allied health managers and leaders to do their role effectively, and a negative impact on morale, culture, and emotional well-being. Several key factors for public hospitals to consider before embarking on an organizational structure that includes allied health professionals were identified. CONCLUSION: The impacts of the unit dispersement structure on allied health professionals working within the organization under study were generally negative and did not deliver on the desired objectives. The findings reinforce the unique requirements pertaining to allied health professionals for optimal functioning. PRACTICE IMPLICATIONS: The learnings have implications for administrators in health care organizations embarking on organizational change that incorporates allied health professions in certain settings. The findings recommend that health care organizations consider several important factors before they introduce any structural change that would affect the delivery of allied health services.


Asunto(s)
Técnicos Medios en Salud , Hospitales Públicos , Humanos , Técnicos Medios en Salud/psicología , Australia , Investigación Cualitativa
3.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth ; 22(1): 39, 2022 Jan 16.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35034616

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: In Tanzania, birth asphyxia is a leading cause of neonatal death. The aim of this study was to identify factors that influence successful neonatal resuscitation to inform clinical practice and reduce the incidence of very early neonatal death (death within 24 h of delivery). METHODS: This was a qualitative narrative inquiry study utilizing the 32 consolidated criteria for reporting qualitative research (COREQ). Audio-recorded, semistructured, individual interviews with midwives were conducted. Thematic analysis was applied to identify themes. RESULTS: Thematic analysis of the midwives' responses revealed three factors that influence successful resuscitation: 1. Hands-on training ("HOT") with clinical support during live emergency neonatal resuscitation events, which decreases fear and enables the transfer of clinical skills; 2. Unequivocal commitment to the Golden Minute® and the mindset of the midwife; and. 3. Strategies that reduce barriers. Immediately after birth, live resuscitation can commence at the mother's bedside, with actively guided clinical instruction. Confidence and mastery of resuscitation competencies are reinforced as the physiological changes in neonates are immediately visible with bag and mask ventilation. The proclivity to perform suction initially delays ventilation, and suction is rarely clinically indicated. Keeping skilled midwives in labor wards is important and impacts clinical practice. The midwives interviewed articulated a mindset of unequivocal commitment to the baby for one Golden Minute®. Heavy workload, frequent staff rotation and lack of clean working equipment were other barriers identified that are worthy of future research. CONCLUSIONS: Training in resuscitation skills in a simulated environment alone is not enough to change clinical practice. Active guidance of "HOT" real-life emergency resuscitation events builds confidence, as the visible signs of successful resuscitation impact the midwife's beliefs and behaviors. Furthermore, a focused commitment by midwives working together to reduce birth asphyxia-related deaths builds hope and collective self-efficacy.


Asunto(s)
Asfixia Neonatal/prevención & control , Competencia Clínica , Conocimientos, Actitudes y Práctica en Salud , Partería/métodos , Resucitación/métodos , Adulto , Femenino , Humanos , Recién Nacido , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Partería/educación , Narración , Investigación Cualitativa , Resucitación/educación , Tanzanía , Carga de Trabajo
4.
BMC Geriatr ; 21(1): 347, 2021 06 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34090368

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Older people living in residential aged care homes experience frequent emergency transfers to hospital. These events are associated with risks of hospital acquired complications and invasive treatments or interventions. Evidence suggests that some hospital transfers may be unnecessary or avoidable. The Early Detection of Deterioration in Elderly residents (EDDIE) program is a multi-component intervention aimed at reducing unnecessary hospital admissions from residential aged care homes by empowering nursing and care staff to detect and manage early signs of resident deterioration. This study aims to implement and evaluate the program in a multi-site randomised study in Queensland, Australia. METHODS: A stepped-wedge randomised controlled trial will be conducted at 12 residential aged care homes over 58 weeks. The program has four components: education and training, decision support tools, diagnostic equipment, and implementation facilitation with clinical systems support. The integrated Promoting Action on Research Implementation in Health Services (i-PARIHS) framework will be used to guide the program implementation and process evaluation. The primary outcome measure will be the number of hospital bed days used by residents, with secondary outcomes assessing emergency department transfer rates, admission rates, length of stay, family awareness and experience, staff self-efficacy and costs of both implementation and health service use. A process evaluation will assess the extent and fidelity of program implementation, mechanisms of impact and the contextual barriers and enablers. DISCUSSION: The intervention is expected to improve outcomes by reducing unnecessary hospital transfers. Fewer hospital transfers and admissions will release resources for other patients with potentially greater needs. Residential aged care home staff might benefit from feelings of empowerment in their ability to proactively manage early signs of resident deterioration. The process evaluation will be useful for supporting wider implementation of this intervention and other similar initiatives. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The trial is prospectively registered with the Australia New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry ( ACTRN12620000507987 , registered 23/04/2020).


Asunto(s)
Servicio de Urgencia en Hospital , Hospitales , Anciano , Australia/epidemiología , Hospitalización , Humanos , Queensland/epidemiología , Ensayos Clínicos Controlados Aleatorios como Asunto
5.
Nurs Health Sci ; 23(1): 136-147, 2021 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32860451

RESUMEN

Physiotherapists report using a range of psychosocial strategies in their practice, yet, barriers to implementation include lack of time, limited knowledge, and minimal training. This research aimed to establish what training physiotherapists have had with regards to psychosocial strategies, why they think they would benefit from more training, what training they want, and delivery preferences. Content analysis of answers to four open-ended, online survey questions collected from Australian physiotherapists (N = 208) was conducted. Physiotherapists reported having minimal training specific to psychosocial strategies. Physiotherapists reported wanting training in assessment and management of psychosocial issues, and practical application of specific psychosocial strategies. Didactic and interactive training delivered by experts who understand the psychosocial needs of their patients, and the constraints of physiotherapy practice was preferred. These findings suggest that training in psychosocial strategies at the undergraduate level and continued professional development are necessary. Specifically, training in the assessment and management of psychosocial factors, and in referral processes is warranted, and should be applicable and appropriate for rehabilitation settings. Training should be both didactic and interactive as outlined in the proposed framework.


Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Fisioterapeutas/psicología , Modalidades de Fisioterapia/educación , Adulto , Australia , Educación Profesional , Humanos , Investigación Cualitativa , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
6.
Nurs Health Sci ; 23(3): 665-669, 2021 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34247440

RESUMEN

Resilience is situated at the core of the World Health Organization European policy framework for health and well-being and the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals. Resilience refers to how effectively a person, group, or system deals with and recovers from challenging situations. In this paper resilience refers to the capacity of a health care professional to manage complex issues and adapt to situations successfully. This brief paper provides explicit knowledge for strengthening personal resilience in health care using the Ottawa Charter framework as a guide. Developing a resilient health care workforce should address all five Ottawa Charter areas of action, should involve multiple stakeholders, and should incorporate resilience strategies into everyday health care activities. The paper presents recommendations for future programs designed to build a resilient workforce that can provide high quality care in a sustainable manner.


Asunto(s)
Atención a la Salud/organización & administración , Promoción de la Salud , Fuerza Laboral en Salud , Resiliencia Psicológica , Política de Salud , Humanos , Desarrollo de Programa , Recursos Humanos , Organización Mundial de la Salud
7.
Adapt Phys Activ Q ; 38(1): 25-42, 2021 01 01.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33207312

RESUMEN

Wheelchair basketball (WCBB) often includes reverse integration (RI), defined as the inclusion of athletes without impairment in a sport traditionally aimed at athletes with an impairment. This study explored how RI in WCBB was understood by internal stakeholders. Data were gathered from athletes, coaches, and administrators at an Australian club competition and at a Canadian elite training center. Analysis of semistructured interviews with 29 participants led to the identification of eight themes. Collectively, the findings showed that RI was embedded within WCBB, RI was considered to be a way to advance the growth and improve the quality of WCBB as well as a way to increase awareness of WCBB and disability. There were some concerns that RI may not be equitable, as WCBB is a "disability sport." Stakeholders' perspectives on RI could provide useful information for sport policymakers, managers, administrators, sports organizations, and athletes interested in further developing WCBB.


Asunto(s)
Baloncesto , Silla de Ruedas , Atletas , Australia , Canadá , Humanos
9.
J Adv Nurs ; 73(3): 574-584, 2017 Mar.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27809372

RESUMEN

AIMS: This paper summarizes phenomenology and discusses how nurses can use their own experiences as data and maintain rigour within the method. It explores how data from researchers experiencing the phenomenon of interest could be used to explicate assumptions and pre-understandings and may also be used as data. BACKGROUND: While the ethnographic concept of insider research has gained popularity, the notion of researcher as participant in phenomenology is relatively new. The lived experience of a phenomenon is unique to each person and utilization of the nurse researcher's experiences of the phenomenon should be considered for inclusion as data. DESIGN: Discussion paper. DATA SOURCES: Articles from 2001 - 2015 in the CINAHL and PubMed databases were identified using keywords such as 'insider research', 'phenomenology', 'bracketing' and 'qualitative research'. In addition, reference lists from articles used were examined to identify additional literature. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING: Phenomenology is a valuable research method. Usability, credibility, trustworthiness and auditability of data collected must be considered to ensure rigour and maintain orientation to the phenomenon under investigation. Nurse researchers may be interviewed as participants if these four principles are considered and methods used are made explicit. Utilizing appropriate research methods are as important as getting clinical practice correct to advance knowledge and benefit those under our care. CONCLUSION: We recommend using the researchers' experience as a data source to gain a complete picture of the phenomenon under investigation. Using the approach proposed here, nurses can ensure they are incorporating all data sources available while maintaining research rigour.


Asunto(s)
Investigación en Enfermería/métodos , Antropología Cultural
10.
Rural Remote Health ; 17(4): 3961, 2017.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29091738

RESUMEN

New Guinea (PNG) has a special history in regard to the training of Community Health Workers (CHWs) and is currently preparing its frontline health workforce to serve the 85% of the total PNG population of 7.3 million people who live in rural and remote settings. This article identifies and explains the five major developmental stages in the current CHW training program, as well as the changes that have occurred over the past century. The developmental stages are: (1) traditional; (2) early contact; (3) innovation; (4) the 1980s; and (5) new millennium. These developmental stages are discussed in the context of the early literature and investigation by the primary author and examination of the lived experiences of early missionary health workers and local people. This paper documents the development of a CHW program in PNG from the colonisation period, which began in 1883, to the present day. As a developing nation, PNG has gone through many challenges and changes to its healthcare system and has gradually developed an effective program to train its frontline primary health care (PHC) workforce. This article contributes new information with regard to the past and current development of CHW programs in PNG as well as in other developing countries. The training of competent CHWs with the essential skills and knowledge may help deliver quality and cost-effective PHC services to the rural majority and the urban disadvantaged, thereby fulfilling the PNG government's National Health Plan for 2011-2020. Systematic evaluation of the effectiveness of the CHW program will provide guidance for continued development of this frontline health workforce. Improving and introducing a competency-based curriculum is an essential step towards building a healthier nation.


Asunto(s)
Agentes Comunitarios de Salud/educación , Curriculum , Educación Médica/organización & administración , Atención Primaria de Salud/organización & administración , Salud Rural/educación , Adulto , Países en Desarrollo , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Papúa Nueva Guinea , Adulto Joven
11.
Nurs Educ Perspect ; 37(4): 242-243, 2016.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27740588

RESUMEN

A recent teaching and learning innovation using new technologies involves the use of quick response codes, which are read by smartphones and tablets. Integrating this technology as a teaching and learning strategy in nursing and midwifery education has been embraced by academics and students at a regional university.


Asunto(s)
Bachillerato en Enfermería , Procesamiento Automatizado de Datos , Partería/educación , Teléfono Inteligente , Femenino , Humanos , Aprendizaje , Embarazo , Estudiantes de Enfermería , Universidades
12.
Aust Health Rev ; 40(4): 459-465, 2016 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26497876

RESUMEN

Objective This paper explores the body of knowledge around Indigenous health research and aims to outline what roles are appropriate for non-Indigenous researchers within Indigenous health research in Australia. Methods A literature review was conducted using CINAHL, PubMed and Scopus in May 2015. The search terms were 'non-Indigenous researchers' AND 'Indigenous health research' and other combinations of these terms. Additional documents were sourced by hand using the reference lists of key articles. Results Seven thematic categories were identified: (1) Closing the Gap: implications for research; (2) history of Indigenous research; (3) developing Indigenous research using a capacity-building approach; (4) the cultural interface between Western paradigms and Indigenous knowledge; (5) ethical Indigenous research; (6) culturally safe Indigenous research; and (7) positive roles for non-Indigenous researchers in Indigenous research. Conclusion It is important that non-Indigenous researchers become more aware of culturally appropriate ways in which to undertake Indigenous research and to ensure that the research undertaken is safe, ethical and useful for participants. Fostering partnerships between non-Indigenous academic organisations and researchers and Indigenous health researchers is an important development that can promote and enhance the emerging field of Indigenous inquiry. Actively contributing to capacity building with Indigenous researchers and research initiatives is a key role that non-Indigenous researchers and academic institutions can have in improving Indigenous health. Self-determination through health research capacity building and evidence-based advocacy may provide the most useful outcomes for Indigenous people. What is known about the topic? The health status of Indigenous Australians is well below that of other Australians. Historically, research about Indigenous health has been undertaken by non-Indigenous researchers using Western research paradigms. There is a need to identify appropriate roles for non-Indigenous researchers supportive of culturally safe and ethical research. What does this paper add? This paper synthesises available knowledge about the role of non-Indigenous researchers with Indigenous health research and provides suggestions for their contribution to Indigenous research practice. What are the implications for practitioners? Non-Indigenous researchers need to: (1) focus on culturally safe research practices; (2) be willing to address power imbalances within the research process; and (3) advocate for change within academic institutions to support culturally safe research practices.


Asunto(s)
Investigación sobre Servicios de Salud , Nativos de Hawái y Otras Islas del Pacífico , Rol Profesional , Investigadores , Australia , Características Culturales , Humanos
13.
Int J Sport Nutr Exerc Metab ; 25(2): 154-62, 2015 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-25203622

RESUMEN

Australia has approximately 26,000 registered exercise professionals (REP), in comparison with 3,379 accredited practicing dietitians (APD). The REP workforce has the potential to reach more than 10% of the Australian population but there is limited data on their educational background and professional behaviors with regards to nutritional counseling of clients. The purpose of this research was to determine if REPs are working within their scope of practice and if their qualifications align with their practice, specifically as it relates to nutrition advice. Using a cross sectional descriptive study design, a self-administered online survey of REPs was conducted over 5 months. REPs were recruited through electronic and social media using a snowballing technique. The study focused on education, nutrition advice, and sources of information. A total of 286 respondents completed the survey, including 13 with tertiary dietetic qualifications i.e., APDs. The nationally recognized industry Certificate III/IV in Fitness was the most common qualification. The majority of REPs responding (88%) were working outside of their professional scope of practice, offering individual nutrition advice to clients across fitness and medical issues. This was despite 40% of REPs undertaking no further training in nutrition since graduating, and primarily basing advice on use of readily accessible sources of nutrition information. It is recommended the nutrition advice provided to REPs during training be limited to general nonmedical nutrition information in accordance with nationally endorsed evidence based guidelines and that issues pertaining to scope of practice be addressed with onward referral to other health professionals be advocated.


Asunto(s)
Dietética , Ejercicio Físico , Personal de Salud , Práctica Profesional , Rol Profesional , Adulto , Australia , Certificación , Consejo , Estudios Transversales , Dieta , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Aptitud Física , Encuestas y Cuestionarios
14.
Contemp Nurse ; 46(2): 242-50, 2014.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24787258

RESUMEN

Rising health inequities, continuing nursing shortages, and overlooked professional development needs of nurse educators are three important issues facing nursing in Australia. This paper argues for an innovative and proactive strategy that could transform the nurse education workforce into one that is repopulated, reinvigorated and refocused. The problem facing nurse educators, and subsequently affecting nurses' preparation for practice and longevity in the profession, was identified by drawing on findings from the literature, extensive educational experience, and an exploratory study of nurse educators working in universities, colleges and health services. A solution has been devised by drawing together the tenets of critical social theory, transformative learning, communities of practice and social media. Nursing educators, refocused around a social justice agenda, may be the remedy that the Australian Health Care System requires to embark on effective action that can benefit everyone, from the health service staff to our most vulnerable groups in society. This refocusing can be achieved in a structured and strategic process that builds confidence and professional capabilities.


Asunto(s)
Movilidad Laboral , Competencia Clínica/normas , Educación Continua en Enfermería/normas , Docentes de Enfermería/normas , Desarrollo de Personal/normas , Australia , Humanos
15.
Sleep Med ; 118: 78-80, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38613860

RESUMEN

Sleep difficulties can co-occur with autistic traits and have been frequently reported in children diagnosed with autism. Thus, sleep difficulties may impact neural development, cognition, and behavioural functioning in children with autism. Interventions, such as repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), that target aberrant neural structures underpinning autistic traits and sleep difficulties in children could have beneficial effects. The rTMS effects on the pathophysiological pathways hypothesised to underpin autism and sleep difficulties are well-established in the literature; however, clinical evidence of its potential to improve sleep difficulties in children with autism is limited. While the preliminary data is promising, further robust rTMS studies are warranted to encourage its use in clinical practices.


Asunto(s)
Trastorno Autístico , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal , Niño , Humanos , Trastorno del Espectro Autista/complicaciones , Trastorno del Espectro Autista/terapia , Trastorno Autístico/complicaciones , Trastorno Autístico/terapia , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/terapia , Trastornos del Sueño-Vigilia/etiología , Estimulación Magnética Transcraneal/métodos
16.
Child Abuse Negl ; 152: 106749, 2024 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38581770

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: History of childhood trauma as a risk factor for alcohol misuse in early adulthood is very well documented. Given the associations between childhood trauma and alcohol misuse, more work is needed to understand the factors that influence this relationship. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to examine the relationship between childhood trauma, minimization of such events and alcohol misuse in a French college student sample. PARTICIPANTS AND SETTING: A convenience sampling method was used to recruit students from several colleges located in Western France. The data set included 1180 records with complete responses. METHODS: This study employed a cross-sectional online survey. Data collection instruments included the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire Short-Form (CTQ-SF) and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT). RESULTS: The strength of the association between CTQ score and AUDIT total score was increased by minimization score (ß = 0.122, p = .07). This result suggests that under-reporting childhood trauma experiences tends to increase the impact of such events on alcohol misuse. CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that a tendency to minimize threatening childhood events may specifically be related to increased risk of greater alcohol misuse among college students. Therefore, it may be important for clinician to assess minimization of early events in students with a history of childhood trauma.


Asunto(s)
Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia , Estudiantes , Humanos , Masculino , Femenino , Estudios Transversales , Adulto Joven , Estudiantes/psicología , Estudiantes/estadística & datos numéricos , Francia/epidemiología , Universidades , Experiencias Adversas de la Infancia/estadística & datos numéricos , Adolescente , Encuestas y Cuestionarios , Consumo de Alcohol en la Universidad/psicología , Alcoholismo/epidemiología , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto , Niño
17.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 12(9)2024 Apr 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38727483

RESUMEN

The aim of this study was to explore and document the enablers and barriers of chiropractic care colocation in general practice at a large-scale private primary care centre in Australia. This study focused on the perceptions of healthcare professionals regarding this integration. The research setting was a large integrated primary care centre located in an outer metro, low-socioeconomic area in the City of Moreton Bay, Queensland, Australia. Participant inclusion criteria included general medical practitioners, practice nurses, and medical managers who self-reported interactions with the physically collocated and integrated chiropractic practice. Data was collected from 22 participants using face-to-face, qualitative, semi-structured interviews with an average duration of 32 min. The data collected included perceptions of chiropractic treatment, enablers to patient referral pathways, and views of the integrated chiropractic care model. A reflexive thematic analysis was conducted on the data set. All participants reported that this was their first exposure to the colocation of a chiropractor within a general medical practice. Four key enablers of chiropractic care integration were identified: (1) the practitioner [chiropractor], (2) the organisation [general practice], (3) consumer flow, and (4) the environment [shared spaces and tenant ecosystem]. The chiropractic integration enhanced knowledge sharing and interprofessional trust among healthcare providers. The formal reporting of patient outcomes and understanding of the chiropractor's scope of practice further enabled referrals to the service. Shared administrative and business processes, including patient records, booking systems, and clinical meetings, facilitated relationship development between the chiropractor and referring health providers. Colocation as part of a larger primary care centre created proximity and convenience for health providers in terms of interprofessional communication, and for patients, in terms of access to chiropractic services. Existing governance structures supported communication, professional education, and shared values related to the delivery of patient-centred care. Identified barriers included limited public funding for chiropractic services resulting in reduced access for patients of low-socioeconomic status. Additionally, scepticism or negativity towards the discipline of chiropractic care was identified as an initial barrier to refer patients. In most cases, this view towards the chiropractor was overcome by regular patient reporting of positive treatment outcomes to their GP, the delivery of education sessions by the chiropractor for the health providers, and the development of interprofessional trust between the chiropractor and referring health providers. This study provides preliminary evidence and a conceptual framework of factors influencing the successful integration of chiropractic care within an Australian large primary care centre. The data collected indicated that integration of chiropractic care into a primary care centre serving a low-socioeconomic region can be achieved with a high degree of health provider satisfaction.

18.
Curr Opin Infect Dis ; 26(2): 116-22, 2013 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23385638

RESUMEN

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: We propose that a major gap in the control, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of scabies exists because of lack of key translational understandings related to the immunopathology of scabies and the associated severe form of the disease, crusted scabies. Understanding the complex network of innate and adaptive immune responses, including the long lag period from infection to clinical symptoms, is fundamental to developing early interventions and decreasing transmission. Such interventions must be driven by clinical need and include user-friendly translational outcomes for improved control in endemic and resource-poor settings. RECENT FINDINGS: In the last few years, we have seen an increase in the molecular characterization of scabies mite proteins. However, owing to limited capacity in scabies immunology-related research, little is still known regarding the immunological effects of the mite or mite products on disease progression or protection. SUMMARY: Detailing the skin immunopathogenesis in relation to scabies, including the role of macrophages, mast cells and eosinophils, as well as the immunomodulatory effects of parasite evasion mechanisms are essential for the rational design of future therapeutic, diagnostic and preventative tools. Resolving this knowledge gap could ultimately lead to significant improvements in clinical and public health interventions. This article proposes a conceptual model for capacity building to inform future research activities in the field.


Asunto(s)
Inmunidad Adaptativa , Inmunidad Innata , Escabiosis/inmunología , Citocinas/inmunología , Interacciones Huésped-Parásitos/inmunología , Humanos , Evasión Inmune/inmunología , Piel/inmunología , Linfocitos T/inmunología , Vacunas/inmunología
19.
J Med Internet Res ; 15(1): e16, 2013 Jan 22.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23470259

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The Internet provides new opportunities for parents of children with difficult illnesses and disabilities to find information and support. The Internet is particularly important for caregivers of children with special needs due to numerous health-related decisions they face. For at-risk populations, online support communities can become key settings and channels for health promotion and communication. OBJECTIVE: This study is an initial exploration of the information-seeking and information-provision processes present in an online support community, which is an area of opportunity and interest for Internet-based medical research and practice. The aim of this study was to explore and describe information-related processes of uncertainty management in relationship to clubfoot. Specifically, the study explored interpersonal communication (information seeking and provision) in an online support community serving the needs of parents of children with clubfoot. METHODS: The study population consisted of messages posted to an online community by caregivers (parents) of children with clubfoot. The theoretical framework informing the study was the Uncertainty Management Theory (UMT). The study used content analysis to explore and categorize the content of 775 messages. RESULTS: Women authored 664 of 775 messages (86%) and men authored 47 messages (6%). Caregivers managed uncertainty through information seeking and provision behaviors that were dynamic and multilayered. The ratio of information-seeking messages to information-provision responses was 1 to 4. All five types of information-seeking behaviors proposed by Brashers' schema were identified, most of them being correlated. Information seeking using direct questions was found to be positively correlated to self-disclosure (r=.538), offering of a candidate answer (r=.318), and passive information seeking (r=.253). Self-disclosure was found to be positively correlated to provision of a candidate answer (r=.324), second-guessing (r=.149), and passive information seeking (r=.366). Provision of a candidate answer was found to be positively correlated with second-guessing (r=.193) and passive information seeking (r=.223). Second-guessing was found to be positively correlated to passive information seeking (r=.311). All correlations reported above were statistically significant (P<0.01). Of the 775 messages analyzed, 255 (33%) identified a medical professional or institution by name. Detailed medical information was provided in 101 (13%) messages, with the main source of information identified being personal experience rather than medical sources. CONCLUSION: Online communities can be an effective channel for caregivers, especially women, to seek and offer information required for managing clubfoot-related uncertainty. To enhance communication with parents, health care institutions may need to invest additional resources in user-friendly online information sources and online interactions with caregivers of children with special illnesses such as clubfoot. Furthermore, explorations of information-seeking and information-provision behaviors in online communities can provide valuable data for interdisciplinary health research and practice.


Asunto(s)
Sistemas en Línea , Padres , Grupos de Autoayuda , Telemedicina , Adulto , Cuidadores , Niño , Pie Equinovaro , Femenino , Humanos , Conducta en la Búsqueda de Información , Internet , Masculino , Apoyo Social
20.
Healthcare (Basel) ; 11(5)2023 Feb 24.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36900681

RESUMEN

Holistic healthcare precincts are an emerging service model to address the growing health service demands of ageing consumers and an increasing prevalence of chronic diseases. In Australia and similar countries with universal publicly funded Medicare systems, the first point of access to healthcare is provided by general medical practitioners. This case report focuses on successful components of a private, integrated, patient-centred primary care model located in a low socioeconomic population in North Brisbane, Queensland. Successful components included a focus on sustainability, general practice as an anchor tenant in the health precinct, the integration of multiple services, team-based care for shared clinical services, flexible expansion options, the use of MedTech, support for small businesses and a cluster structure. The Morayfield Health Precinct (MHP) offers appropriate, safe and individualised healthcare to residents across their life continuum. Its success was built on a foundation of pre-planning, to ensure the design/build, anchor tenant and collaborative ecosystem were sustainable in the long term. MHP planning was based on an adaptation of the WHO-IPCC framework supporting true patient-centred, integrated care. Its shared vision and collaborative care are supported by its internal governance structure, tenant selection, established and emerging referral networks and partnerships. Evidence-based and informed care is further supported by internal and external research and education partnerships.

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