[Current Practice of Pre- and Postnatal Screening and Future Developments for Evidence Based Guidelines]. / Aktueller Stand und zukünftige Entwicklung der prä- und postnatalen Vorsorge- bzw. Screeninguntersuchungen ­ Evidenz tut Not.

Objectives: In this selective review we provide an overview of the current pre- and postnatal screenings up to 18 years established in Germany to inform physicians of different medical fields (gynecologists, pediatricians, general practitioners, other medical specialists who treat children, adolescents or pregnant females). Current State: Research on screening for different types of cancer has frequently failed to show any benefit. Thus, there is a need to broaden the evidence basis related to medical screenings especially for children and adolescents. Outlook: Potential future developments of pre- and postnatal screenings are illustrated including their social impact. The lack of an early detection of mental health problems is pointed out. An interdisciplinary collaboration and research is required to accumulate evidence with regard to medical screenings and to consider health economic and ethical aspects.

Ring-closing alkyne metathesis. Application to the total synthesis of sophorolipid lactone.

The first total synthesis of a major component of the microbial biosurfactant sophorolipid has been achieved. This approach to the 26-membered macrolide 1 containing a Z-configured alkene group in its lipidic tether spanning the sophorose backbone is based on a ring-closing metathesis reaction of diyne 21 catalyzed by Mo[N(t-Bu)(Ar)](3) (5; Ar = 3,5-dimethylphenyl) activated in situ by CH(2)Cl(2), followed by Lindlar reduction of the resulting cycloalkyne 22. The two beta-glycosidic linkages of compound 21 were installed by means of the glucal epoxide method and a modified Koenigs-Knorr reaction promoted by AgOTf/lutidine, respectively.