Electrochemical conversion of CO2 using metal-organic framework catalysts.

Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) have been an excellent platform for carbon dioxide reduction reactions (CO2RR). In this work, the feasibility of electrochemical reduction of CO2 to obtain C2-deep value-added products was investigated by the preparation of Mg-containing MOF-74 samples combined with transition metal cations (Ni2+, Co2+ and Zn2+). The prepared MOFs were used as electrocatalysts in CO2RR. Chronoamperometric analysis coupled to ATR-FTIR spectroscopy was employed to characterize the CO2 reduction products and subsequently via 1H NMR. Although an isostructural crystalline structure was observed in all synthesized MOFs, the pore diameter distribution was significantly affected due to the Mg coordination along with each transition metal nuclei with the organic ligand to form the MOF-74. Our results showed that Mg-containing MOF-74 electrocatalysts combined with Ni, Co and Zn ions successfully reduced CO2 to C2-deep products, while the monometallic Mg-MOF-74 showed only CO2 mineralization. An ester acetate, isopropyl alcohol, and formic acid were produced by Mg/Ni-MOF-74; isopropyl alcohol was provided by Mg/Co-MOF-74, and ethanol was generated by Mg/Zn-MOF-74. We observed that the change of the transition cation was a key factor in the selectivity of the obtained products, while the degree of Mg ions effectively incorporated into the MOF structure tuned the porosity and the electrocatalytic activity. Among them, Mg/Zn-MFOF-74 showed the highest Mg content loaded after synthesis and thus the most favorable electrocatalytic behavior towards CO2 reduction.

Results in mediastinal lymph node staging of surgical lung cancer: Data from the prospective cohort of the Spanish Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery Group.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study was to assess the diagnostic performance of combined computerised tomography (CT) and positron emission tomography (PET) in mediastinal staging of surgical lung cancer based on data obtained from the prospective cohort of the Spanish Group for Video-Assisted Thoracic Surgery (GEVATS). METHODS: A total of 2782 patients underwent surgery for primary lung carcinoma. We analysed diagnostic success in mediastinal lymph node staging (cN2) using CT and PET. Bivariate and multivariate analyses were performed of the factors involved in this success. The risk of unexpected pN2 disease was analysed for cases in which an invasive testing is recommended: cN1, the tumour centrally located or the tumour diameter >3 cm. RESULTS: The overall success of CT together with PET was 82.9% with a positive predictive value of 0.21 and negative predictive value of 0.93. If the tumour was larger than 3 cm and for each unit increase in mediastinal SUVmax, the probability of success was lower with OR 0.59 (0.44-0.79) and 0.71 (0.66-0.75), respectively. In the video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) approach, the probability of success was higher with OR 2.04 (1.52-2.73). The risk of unexpected pN2 increased with the risk factors cN1, the tumour centrally located or the tumour diameter >3 cm: from 4.5% (0 factors) to 18.8% (3 factors) but did not differ significantly as a function of whether invasive testing was performed. CONCLUSIONS: CT and PET together have a high negative predictive value. The overall success of the staging is lower in the case of tumours >3 cm and high mediastinal SUVmax, and it is higher when VATS is performed. The risk of unexpected pN2 is higher if the disease is cN1, the tumour centrally located or the tumour diameter >3 cm but does not vary significantly as a function of whether patients have undergone invasive testing.

Ethnopharmacology, Phytochemistry and Biological Activities of Native Chilean Plants.

The native flora of Chile has unique characteristics due to the geographical situation of the country, with the vast desert in the North, Patagonia in the South, the Andean Mountains on the east and the Pacific Ocean on the west. This exclusivity is reflected in high concentrations of phytochemicals in the fruits and leaves of its native plants. Some examples are Aristotelia chilensis (Molina), Stuntz (maqui), Berberis microphylla G. Forst. (calafate), Peumus boldus Molina (boldo), Ribes magellanicum Poir. (Magellan currant), Ugni molinae Turcz. (murtilla), Rubus geoides Sm. (miñe miñe), Drimys winteri J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (canelo), Luma apiculata (DC.) Burret (arrayán) distributed throughout the entire Chilean territory. Some of these Chilean plants have been used for centuries in the country's traditional medicine. The most recent studies of phytochemical characterization of parts of Chilean plants show a wide spectrum of antioxidant compounds, phenolic components, terpenoids and alkaloids, which have shown biological activity in both in vitro and in vivo studies. This manuscript covers the entire Chilean territory characterizing the phytochemical profile and reporting some of its biological properties, focusing mainly on antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, chemopreventive and cytotoxic activity, and potential against diabetes, metabolic syndrome and gastrointestinal disorders.

Preparation and characterisation of silica-based nanoparticles for cisplatin release on cancer brain cells.

In the present work, the preparation, characterisation, and efficiency of two different silica nanostructures as release vehicles of Cisplatin are reported. The 1-hexadeciltrimethyl-ammonium bromide templating agent was used to obtain mesoporous silica nanoparticles which were later loaded with Cisplatin. While sol-gel silica was very fast prepared using an excess of acetic acid during the hydrolysis-condensation reactions of tetraethylorthosilicate and at the same time the Cisplatin was added. Several physicochemical techniques including spectroscopies, electronic microscopy, X-ray diffraction, N2 adsorption-desorption were used to characterise the silica nanostructures. An in vitro Cisplatin release test was carried out using artificial cerebrospinal fluid. Finally, the toxicity of all silica nanostructures was tested using the C6 cancer cell line. The spectroscopic results showed the suitable stabilisation of Cisplatin into the two different silica nanostructures. A large surface area was obtained for the mesoporous silica nanoparticles, while low areas were obtained in the silica nanoparticles. Cisplatin was released faster from mesoporous silica channels than from inside of aggregates nanoparticles silica. Cisplatin alone, as well as, cisplatin released from both silica nanostructures exerted a toxic effect on cancer cells. In contrast, both silica structures without the drug did not exert any toxic effect.

Satisfacción con la calidad de atención en pacientes en hemodiálisis de un hospital de Sonora / Satisfaction with quality of care in patients on hemodialysis in a hospital in Sonora

Introducción: la satisfacción con la calidad en la atención de enfermería por parte del paciente es el resultado de la relación profesional entre la enfermera y el paciente. Objetivo: evaluar la satisfacción con la calidad en la atención de enfermería de los pacientes de hemodiálisis de un hospital de especialidades en Sonora. Metodología: estudio cuantitativo, observacional, descriptivo, transversal y prospectivo, realizado mediante la aplicación del cuestionario SERVQHOS-E, que consta de 16 ítems y una encuesta de opinión y sirve para medir la satisfacción del paciente y la calidad percibida de la atención de enfermería. El análisis de datos se hizo con estadística descriptiva, frecuencias relativas y absolutas. Resultados: se estudiaron 146 pacientes. En cuanto a percepción de la calidad de la atención de enfermería, 99.3% estuvieron satisfechos y solo 0.7% estuvieron insatisfechos. En relación con la satisfacción global, el 100% se manifestaron satisfechos y 99.3% de los pacientes recomendaría el servicio. Conclusión: los pacientes con hemodiálisis de un hospital de especialidades en Sonora se encuentran satisfechos.

Introduction: Patient satisfaction with the quality of nursing care is the result of the professional relationship between nurse and patient. Objective: To assess patient satisfaction with hemodialysis as relates to the quality of nursing care in a specialty hospital in Sonora. Methodology: observational, descriptive, cross-sectional and prospective study, which was carried out using the SERVQHOS-E questionnaire, which consists of 16 items and one survey and measures the patient satisfaction and the perceived quality about nursing care. Data analysis was completed through descriptive statistics, relative and absolute frequencies. Results: 146 patients were studied. Concerning the perceived quality of nursing care, 99.3% were satisfied and only 0.7% reported dissatisfaction. Regarding global satisfaction, 100% of patients expressed satisfaction with their stay and 99.3% would recommend the services received to others. Conclusion: Hemodialysis patients at a specialty hospital in Sonora are satisfied.

Boron and Coumaphos Residues in Hive Materials Following Treatments for the Control of Aethina tumida Murray.

In the search of alternatives for controlling Aethina tumida Murray, we recently proposed the BAA trap which uses boric acid and an attractant which mimics the process of fermentation caused by Kodamaea ohmeri in the hive. This yeast is excreted in the feces of A. tumida causing the fermentation of pollen and honey of infested hives and releasing compounds that function as aggregation pheromones to A. tumida. Since the boron is the toxic element in boric acid, the aim of this article is to assess the amount of boron residues in honey and beeswax from hives treated with the BAA trap. For this aim, the amount of bioaccumulated boron in products of untreated hives was first determined and then compared with the amount of boron of products from hives treated with the BAA trap in two distinct climatic and soil conditions. The study was conducted in the cities of Padilla, Tamaulipas, and Valladolid, Yucatan (Mexico) from August 2014 to March 2015. The quantity of boron in honey was significantly less in Yucatan than in Tamaulipas; this agrees with the boron deficiency among Luvisol and Leptosol soils found in Yucatan compared to the Vertisol soil found in Tamaulipas. In fact, the honey from Yucatan has lower boron levels than those reported in the literature. The BAA treatment was applied for four months, results show that the BAA trap does not have any residual effect in either honey or wax; i.e., there is no significant difference in boron content before and after treatment. On the other hand, the organophosphate pesticide coumaphos was found in 100% of wax samples and in 64% of honey samples collected from Yucatan. The concentration of coumaphos in honey ranges from 0.005 to 0.040 mg/kg, which are below Maximum Residue Limit (MRL) allowed in the European Union (0.1 mg/kg) but 7.14% of samples exceeded the MRL allowed in Canada (0.02 mg/kg).

Creando paz: contenidos formativos con imaginación pedagógica / Criando paz: conteúdos formativos com imaginação pedagógica / Créer la paix : contenus de formation et imagination pédagogique / Creating peace: training contents with pedagogical imagination

Resumen Este artículo se deriva de una investigación sobre experiencias de mediación y gestión transformativa de conflictos en zonas afectadas por el conflicto armado en Colombia, presentando dos hallazgos: uno, que en medio de ciclos repetidos de violencia, las personas han logrado un "empoderamiento pacifista", sobreponerse y apelar a sus capacidades para transformar los conflictos y para restituir el tejido social; y dos, el trabajo sobre el ser, el abordaje simbólico para tramitar los conflictos y para educar en formas de convivencia pacífica. Los recursos culturales identificados sirvieron de base para la construcción de contenidos formativos digitales que aportaran a la Cátedra de la Paz en el país. Por tanto, los contenidos no parten de prescripciones ni de teorías, sino que convirtieron las experiencias concretas en contenidos formativos para la construcción de la paz.

Resumo Este artigo se deriva de uma pesquisa sobre experiências de mediação e gestão transformadora de conflitos em áreas afetadas pelo conflito armado colombiano, apresentando dois achados: em primeiro lugar, que, no meio de ciclos repetidos de violências, as pessoas conseguem obter um "empoderamento pacifista", se superar e apelar para as suas capacidades, a fim de transformar os conflitos e restituir o tecido social; e em segundo, o trabalho sobre o ser, a abordagem simbólica para administrar os conflitos e educar sobre formas de convivência pacífica. Os recursos culturais identificados serviram como base para a construção de conteúdos formativos digitais que contribuíram para a Cátedra da Paz, na Colômbia. Portanto os conteúdos não partem de prescrições nem de teorias, mas transformaram as experiências concretas em conteúdos formativos para a construção da paz.

Résumé Cet article découle d'une recherche sur les expériences de médiation et de gestion et transformation des conflits dans des zones de Colombie touchées par le conflit armé. Il rend compte de deux découvertes : la première est que, malgré les cycles de violence récurrents, la population est parvenue non seulement à s'autonomiser de manière pacifique, mais aussi à se surmonter en mobilisant ses capacités à transformer les conflits et à restaurer le tissu social ; la deuxième étant que grace au travail sur l'être humain lui-même et à une approche symbolique il est possible de gérer les conflits et de mettre en place une éducation bâtie sur des formes de coexistence pacifique. Les ressources culturelles identifiées ont servi de base à la construction des contenus de formation numériques ayant contribué à la Chaire de la Paix en Colombie. Les contenus ne sont donc pas partis de prescriptions ou de théories, mais des expériences concrètes qui ont été converties en contenus de formation pour la construction de la paix.

Abstract This article stems from a research project about mediation experiences and transformational conflict management in areas affected by the armed conflict in Colombia. The first finding states that in the midst of repeated violence cycles, people have achieved a "pacifist empowerment". They have overcome and called upon their capacities to transform conflicts and restore social structure. The second one, concerning self-work, is the symbolic approach when dealing with conflict and educating in peaceful coexisting ways. The identified cultural resources served as the basis for creating digital training content that will contribute to the country's Cátedra de Paz in the country. Therefore, specific experiences were transformed into training contents aimed at building peace instead of using contents based on provisions or theories.

Response paper: morphometric article by Mejía et al. 2015 alluding genera Herichthys and Nosferatu displays serious inconsistencies

In the present response paper, the article entitled "Morphometric variation of the Herichthys bartoni (Bean, 1892) species group (Teleostei: Cichlidae): How many species comprise H. labridens (Pellegrin, 1903)?" by Mejía et al . 2015 is critically reviewed. The current review pinpoints some of the more conspicuous conceptual inconsistencies and fundamental errors found in the study by Mejía et al . (2015), It is contended that the authors fail to provide any new insights into the complex biogeography and evolutionary history of the Nosferatu and Herichthys genus groups, and that while results of their Cox1 molecular analysis are comparable to those by De la Maza-Benignos et al . (2015), the conclusions of the two studies are not comparable. In addition, it is contested that, whereas the designation of genus Nosferatu by De la Maza-Benignos et al . (2015) was found on the principles of the biological and phylogenetic species concepts, the rejection of the genus by Mejía et al . (2015) is solely based "on the presence of (overlapping) morphometric characters" between genera. The assumption by Mejía et al . (2015),that because their geometric morphometrics analysis failed to provide separation of species, then Nosferatu genus does not correspond to a valid taxon; and their suggesting geometric morphometrics "as useful tool to discriminate species, because it allows to propose diagnostic characters" were not supported by their results. While Mejía et al . present some interesting thoughts on the systematics of Nosferatu , they unfortunately fail to provide any data that can be objectively assessed as relevant to motivate any changes in the current taxonomy.

El presente documento de respuesta analiza críticamente el artículo titulado "Morphometric variation of the Herichthys bartoni (Bean, 1892) species group (Teleostei: Cichlidae): How many species comprise H. labridens (Pellegrin, 1903)?" por Mejía et al. (2015), así como también evidencia algunas de las contradicciones conceptuales y errores fundamentales encontrados en dicho documento. Se arguye que el artículo no proporciona ningún aspecto nuevo acerca de la compleja biogeografía, ni de la historia evolutiva de los géneros Nosferatu y Herichthys , y que mientras que los resultados del análisis molecular utilizando el gen Cox1 son similares a los de la Maza-Benignos et al. (2015), las conclusiones de ambos estudios no son compatibles. Se contiende además que mientras que la designación del género Nosferatu por De la Maza-Benignos et al. (2015) se fundamentó en principios asociados a los conceptos biológico y filogenético de especie, el rechazo del género por Mejía et al. ,(2015) únicamente se basa "en la existencia de caracteres morfométricos (superpuestos)" entre géneros. La inferencia por parte de Mejía et al . de que debido a que el análisis de morfometría geométrica no logró separar a las especies, y que por lo tanto el género Nosferatu no corresponde a un taxón válido; así como la observación de que la morfometría geométrica corresponde a "una herramienta útil para diferenciar especies, porque permite proponer caracteres de diagnóstico" no están sustentadas por los resultados de su análisis, y mientras que Mejía et al. ,presentan algunas ideas interesantes sobre la sistemática de Nosferatu , lamentablemente no proporcionan ningún dato relevante que pueda ser evaluado objetivamente como para motivar cambios en la taxonomía actual.

Técnicas básicas de cardiorresonancia / Basic techniques in cardiac MRI

La cardiorresonancia es una alternativa diagnóstica queofrece una valoración del corazón, los órganos adyacentes y lavasculatura torácica con una gran calidad de imagen, convirtiéndolaen una herramienta científica de gran valor en medicina. Esteproceso es realizado por profesionales de la salud, incluyendomédicos y tecnólogos en radiología, responsables de recolectar,confirmar y analizar los datos encontrados en la cardiorresonancia,para culminar en un proceso de valoración anatómica y funcionalde calidad clínica que transciende más allá de la enfermedad,a campos como la investigación y el desarrollo de nuevastecnologías. El presente trabajo pretende mostrar y caracterizarlas técnicas básicas en cardiorresonancia realizadas por un grupo interdisciplinario de médicos, tecnólogos e investigadores conmás de 10 años de experiencia, conviertiendose en un ejerciciode enseñanza y aprendizaje para el profesional clínico, ofreciendoelementos básicos que lo orienten en el análisis e interpretación dela cardiorresonancia.

Cardiac MRI is a diagnostic alternative that offers an evaluation of the heart, adjacent organs and thoracic lavasculature with a high quality of image, making it a scientific tool of great value in medicine. This process is performed by health professionals, including physicians and radiology technologists, responsible for collecting, confirming and analyzing the data found in cardioresonance, to culminate in a process of anatomical and functional evaluation of clinical quality that transcends beyond disease, to Fields such as research and development of new technologies. The present work aims to show and characterize the basic techniques in cardioresonance performed by an interdisciplinary group of physicians, technologists and researchers with 10 years of experience, becoming a teaching and learning exercise for the clinical professional, offering basic elements that guide him in the analysis and Interpretation of cardiac MRI.

Lineamientos de gestión de la estrategia sanitaria de alimentación y nutrición saludable: Documento técnico / Guidelines for the management of the health strategy of healthy food and nutrition: Technical document

La publicación contiene un diagnóstico de la situación nutricional, los objetivos estratégicos, las estrategias, los resultados esperados, las líneas de acción e indicadores, que serán considerados como referentes para las intervenciones sobre los problemas de alimentación y nutrición en el ámbito nacional.

Lineamientos de gestión de la estrategia sanitaria de alimentación y nutrición saludable: Documento técnico / Guidelines of management of the health strategy of healthy food and nutrition: Technical Document

La presente publicación contiene un diagnóstico de la situación nutricional, los objetivos estratégicos, las estrategias, los resultados esperados, las líneas de acción e indicadores, que serán considerados como referentes para las intervenciones sobre los problemas de alimentación y nutrición en el ámbito nacional(AU)

Lineamientos de gestión de la estrategia sanitaria de alimentación y nutrición saludable: Documento técnico / Guidelines of management of the health strategy of healthy food and nutrition: Technical Document

La presente publicación contiene un diagnóstico de la situación nutricional, los objetivos estratégicos, las estrategias, los resultados esperados, las líneas de acción e indicadores, que serán considerados como referentes para las intervenciones sobre los problemas de alimentación y nutrición en el ámbito nacional

Consejería nutricional en el marco de la atención integral de salud materno infantil: Documento técnico / Nutritional counseling in the context of comprehensive maternal and child health care: Technical Document

La presente publicación describe la metodología estandarizada para realizar la consejería nutricional dirigida a madres gestantes y que dan de lactar, y niñas y niños menores de cinco años en el marco de la atención integral de salud(AU)

Consejería nutricional en el marco de la atención integral de salud materno infantil: Documento técnico / Nutritional counseling in the context of comprehensive maternal and child health care: Technical Document

La publicación describe la metodología estandarizada para realizar la consejería nutricional dirigida a madres gestantes y que dan de lactar, y niñas y niños menores de cinco años en el marco de la atención integral de salud

Consejería nutricional en el marco de la atención integral de salud materno infantil: Documento técnico / Nutritional counseling in the context of comprehensive maternal and child health care: Technical document

La publicación describe la metodología estandarizada para realizar la consejería nutricional dirigida a madres gestantes y que dan de lactar, y niñas y niños menores de cinco años en el marco de la atención integral de salud

Consumo de alcohol y drogas en una población de jóvenes estudiantes y no estudiantes / Drug and alcohol consumption in a population of young students and not students

La presente investigación está enfocada a la detección de los hábitos que alrededor del consumo de drogas y alcohol presentan los jóvenes de 14 a 18 años que viven en una zona situada al sur del Distrito Federal. La información que se manejó fue obtenida por medio de un cuestionario autoaplicable previamente probado en la población general. Para obtener una muestra homogénea y representativa de la población escolar de la zona, se seleccionaron aleatoriamente cuatro grupos de estudiantes de una escuela Secundaria Técnica, cuyas edades oscilaban entre los 14 y los 18 años (n = 128). Posteriormente se seleccionó una submuestra de 48 sujetos que fue comparada con otros 48 jóvenes de la misma zona que no asistían a la escuela, semejantes a los primeros en sexo y edad. Los resultados que reporta esta submuestra indican que el consumo de alcohol entre los jóvenes que no asisten a la escuela es significativamente mayor (56%), que entre los que estudian (35%) x2 = 4.69,gl = 1p <=.05. En cuanto al consumo de drogas, los jóvenes escolares únicamente reportan un 2% en el uso de inhalantes, en tanto que la población que no asiste a la escuela reporta un 23% de mariguana, 21% de inhalantes y 7% de hongos alucinógenos