Effectiveness of SCAR-Q for assessment of incisional SCAR after implant-based reconstruction in breast cancer patients: Can it be a tool for incision selection?

Incisional scarring is a factor of cosmetic appearance evaluated after breast reconstruction, along with the shape, position, and size of the breast. This study aimed to examine the effect of the incision scar location on patient satisfaction after breast reconstruction. Using the Japanese version of the SCAR-Q, we assessed the scar appearance, symptoms and psychosocial effects. Plastic surgeons performed assessments using the Manchester Scar Scale. The patients were divided into two groups: those with scars on the margins of the breast (MB group) and those with scars in the breast area (IB group). The results revealed that patients in the MB group reported significantly higher satisfaction with the scar appearance and psychological impact than those in the IB group. However, assessments using the Manchester Scar Scale did not reveal any significant differences between the two groups. In conclusion, this study underscores the importance of patient-reported outcomes in the evaluation of scar satisfaction after breast reconstruction. Patients tend to prefer and have higher satisfaction with scars along the breast margin, which offers valuable insights into surgical decisions. Further studies with larger and more diverse sample sizes are required for validation.

Predicting recurrences of macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion during anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy.

PURPOSE: To determine the predictive factors for recurrent macular edema due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) during intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) monotherapy. METHODS: Clinical records were retrospectively reviewed for 65 patients (mean age 66.5 years, 65 eyes) who were diagnosed with macular edema due to BRVO and treated with IVR monotherapy for 12 months at the Medical Retina Division, Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University Hospital between October 2013 and August 2017. Best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus findings, and sectional optical coherence tomography (OCT) images were analyzed. RESULTS: Overall BCVA and central retinal thickness (CRT) improved (all p < 0.01). BCVA at 12 months was significantly worse in patients with recurrent macular edema (40 eyes [61.5%]) (p < 0.01) than in those without, while CRT decreased and was comparable in both groups at 12 months. Logistic regression analyses showed association of recurrence with disorganization of the retinal inner layer (DRIL) temporal to the fovea at baseline (odds ratio = 7.74; 95% confidence interval 1.62-37.08, p = 0.01), after adjusting for age, gender, and initial CRT. CONCLUSION: Recurrent macular edema due to BRVO affects visual outcome and is associated with initial DRIL temporal to the fovea, evaluated using OCT sectional images before treatments. DRIL may facilitate determination of follow-up schedules in clinical practice.

Absolute and estimated values of macular pigment optical density in young and aged Asian participants with or without age-related macular degeneration.

BACKGROUND: Lutein and zeaxanthin are suggested micronutrient supplements to prevent the progression of age-related macular degeneration (AMD), a leading cause of blindness worldwide. To monitor the levels of lutein/zeaxanthin in the macula, macular pigment optical density (MPOD) is measured. A commercially available device (MPSII®, Elektron Technology, Switzerland), using technology based on heterochromatic flicker photometry, can measure both absolute and estimated values of MPOD. However, whether the estimated value is applicable to Asian individuals and/or AMD patients remains to be determined. METHODS: The absolute and estimated values of MPOD were measured using the MPSII® device in 77 participants with a best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) > 0.099 (logMAR score). RESULTS: The studied eyes included 17 young (20-29 years) healthy, 26 aged (>50 years) healthy, 18 aged and AMD-fellow, and 16 aged AMD eyes. The mean BCVA among the groups were not significantly different. Both absolute and estimated values were measurable in all eyes of young healthy group. However, absolute values were measurable in only 57.7%, 66.7%, and 43.8%, of the aged healthy, AMD-fellow, and AMD groups, respectively, and 56.7% of the eyes included in the 3 aged groups. In contrast, the estimated value was measurable in 84.6%, 88.9% and 93.8% of the groups, respectively, and 88.3% of eyes in the pooled aged group. The estimated value was correlated with absolute value in individuals from all groups by Spearman's correlation coefficient analyses (young healthy: R2 = 0.885, P = 0.0001; aged healthy: R2 = 0.765, P = 0.001; AMD-fellow: R2 = 0.851, P = 0.0001; and AMD: R2 = 0.860, P = 0.013). Using the estimated value, significantly lower MPOD values were found in aged AMD-related eyes, which included both AMD-fellow and AMD eyes, compared with aged healthy eyes by Student's t-test (P = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Absolute, in contrast to estimated, value was measurable in a limited number of aged participants; however, it was correlated with estimated value both in young and aged Asian populations with or without AMD. These results may inform future clinical studies investigating the measurement of MPOD in understanding the role of macular pigments in the pathogenesis of AMD.

INSOLUBILITY AND ALTERATION OF ALLERGENIC ACTIVITY OF WHEAT PROTEINS IN PROCESSED FOODS.

BACKGROUND: Food processing causes decomposition, denaturation or polymerization of protein, which may alter an allergic reaction. This study aimed to investigate the insolubility and alteration of wheat allergens in processed foods and the reactivity to patient sera. METHODS: We extracted proteins from wheat flour, udon and bread using different extracts and conducted SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. IgE-immunoblotting was also conducted using sera from children with wheat allergy. RESULTS: Soluble protein was extracted from wheat flour, and gluten fractions were also extracted by adding SDS. However, no proteins were able to be extracted from udon or bread witout severing the disulfide bonds under reducing condition. Only trace amounts of protein were detected in the water after boiling udon noodles. The reactivity of IgE antibody to the extracted protein did not differ among the different processed food types. CONCLUSIONS: Wheat allergens became strongly insolubilized after gluten formation and heating. However, the reactivity of IgE antibody to each allergen was not affected by food processing. Further studies are needed for the effects on clinical symptoms.

Undifferentiated State Induced by Rb-p53 Double Inactivation in Mouse Thyroid Neuroendocrine Cells and Embryonic Fibroblasts.

Retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB) is inactivated more frequently during tumor progression than during tumor initiation. However, its exact role in controlling the malignant features associated with tumor progression is poorly understood. We established in vivo and in vitro models to investigate the undifferentiated state induced by Rb inactivation. Rb heterozygous mice develop well-differentiated thyroid medullary carcinoma. We found that additional deletion of Trp53, without change in lineage, converted these Rb-deficient tumors to a poorly differentiated type associated with higher self-renewal activity. Freshly prepared mouse embryonic fibroblasts (MEFs) of Rb(-/-) ; Trp53(-/-) background formed stem cell-like spheres that expressed significant levels of embryonic genes despite of lacking the ability to form colonies on soft agar or tumors in immune-deficient mice. This suggested that Rb-p53 double inactivation resulted in an undifferentiated status but without carcinogenic conversion. We next established Rb(-/-) ; N-ras(-/-) MEFs that harbored a spontaneous carcinogenic mutation in Trp53. These cells (RN6), in an Rb-dependent manner, efficiently generated spheres that expressed very high levels of embryonic genes, and appeared to be carcinogenic. We then screened an FDA-approved drug library to search for agents that suppressed the spherogenic activity of RN6 cells. Data revealed that RN6 cells were sensitive to specific agents including ones those are effective against cancer stem cells. Taken together, all these findings suggest that the genetic interaction between Rb and p53 is a critical determinant of the undifferentiated state in normal and tumor cells.

Functional Visual Acuity in Age-Related Macular Degeneration.

PURPOSE: We evaluated whether a functional visual acuity (FVA) system can detect subtle changes in central visual acuity that reflect pathological findings associated with age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Twenty-eight patients with unilateral AMD and logMAR monocular best corrected VA better than 0 in both eyes, as measured by conventional chart examination, were analyzed between November 2012 and April 2013. After measuring conventional VA, FVA, and contrast VA with best correction, routine eye examinations including spectral domain-optical coherence tomography were performed. Standard Schirmer test was performed, and corneal and lens densities were measured. RESULTS: The FVA score (p < 0.001) and visual maintenance ratio (p < 0.001) measured by the FVA system, contrast VA (p < 0. 01), and conventional VA (p < 0.01) were significantly worse in the AMD-affected eyes than in the fellow eyes. No significant differences were observed in the anterior segment conditions. Forward stepwise regression analysis demonstrated that the length of interdigitation zone disruption, as visualized by optical coherence tomography imaging, correlated with the FVA score (p < 0.01) but not with any other parameters investigated. CONCLUSIONS: The FVA system detects subtle changes in best corrected VA in AMD-affected eyes and reflects interdigitation zone disruption, an anatomical change in the retina recorded by optical coherence tomography. Further studies are required to understand the value of the FVA system in detecting subtle changes in AMD.

[Effects of Constant Intake of Lutein-rich Spinach on Macular Pigment Optical Density: a Pilot Study].

PURPOSE: Anti-oxidative nutrient supplements, including lutein, are an important preventive approach for age-related macular degeneration (AMD). In this pilot study, we obtained data required for planning a future dietary intervention study investigating the prevention of AMD progression with lutein-rich spinach. METHODS: We examined 22 eyes from 11 healthy nonsmokers (ages 21-45 years) who ingested 75 g of frozen spinach containing 10 mg lutein every day for 2 months. Food frequency questionnaire, measurement of macular pigment optical density (MPOD), and eye and blood examinations were performed. RESULTS: Mean lutein ± SD intake from food was 0.87 ± 0.76 mg/1,000 kcal at baseline. Mean MPOD, best corrected visual acuity, and serum lutein concentrations were increased at 1 and 2 months compared with baseline. CONCLUSION: Constant intake of lutein-rich spinach increased both MPOD and serum lutein concentrations. These data are important for planning of a future interventional study examining the effects of dietary lutein.

Association of macular pigment optical density with serum concentration of oxidized low-density lipoprotein in healthy adults.

PURPOSE: To analyze the association between macular pigment optical density (MPOD), which reflects lutein (L), zeaxanthin (Z), and meso-zeaxanthin (MZ) in the macula, and background characteristics. METHODS: Fifty-five healthy adult volunteers were analyzed. Macular pigment optical density was measured using a heterochromatic flicker photometry technique, and serum concentrations of carotenoids and lipoproteins were by high-performance liquid chromatography and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, respectively. Dietary intake of nutrient was determined by a validated self-administered questionnaire on ingestion frequency. RESULTS: Macular pigment optical density was positively correlated with serum concentrations of L and Z and dietary L intake and inversely correlated with serum oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Although MPOD decreased with age (95% confidence interval, -0.011 to -0.002; correlation coefficient, -0.269; P = 0.007), serum L/Z and dietary L intake did not. In contrast, serum oxidized LDL was positively correlated with age (95% confidence interval, 0.69-2.34; correlation coefficient, 0.333; P = 0.0004). After adjusting for age, sex, and oxidized LDL, serum L was positively correlated with MPOD (95% confidence interval, 0.88-1.69; P = 0.000001). After adjusting for age, sex, and serum L, serum oxidized LDL was inversely correlated with MPOD (95% confidence interval, -0.002 to -0.0004; P = 0.006). CONCLUSION: Macular pigment optical density was inversely correlated with serum oxidized LDL. Further study to know the impact of oxidized LDL on MPOD may be warranted.

Identification of activity-based biomarkers for early-stage pancreatic tumors in blood using single-molecule enzyme activity screening.

Single-molecule enzyme activity-based enzyme profiling (SEAP) is a methodology to globally analyze protein functions in living samples at the single-molecule level. It has been previously applied to detect functional alterations in phosphatases and glycosidases. Here, we expand the potential for activity-based biomarker discovery by developing a semi-automated synthesis platform for fluorogenic probes that can detect various peptidases and protease activities at the single-molecule level. The peptidase/protease probes were prepared on the basis of a 7-amino-4-methylcoumarin fluorophore. The introduction of a phosphonic acid to the core scaffold made the probe suitable for use in a microdevice-based assay, while phosphonic acid served as the handle for the affinity separation of the probe using Phos-tag. Using this semi-automated scheme, 48 fluorogenic probes for the single-molecule peptidase/protease activity analysis were prepared. Activity-based screening using blood samples revealed altered single-molecule activity profiles of CD13 and DPP4 in blood samples of patients with early-stage pancreatic tumors. The study shows the power of single-molecule enzyme activity screening to discover biomarkers on the basis of the functional alterations of proteins.

Development of fluorogenic substrates for colorectal tumor-related neuropeptidases for activity-based diagnosis.

The M3 metalloproteases, neurolysin and THOP1, are neuropeptidases that are expressed in various tissues and metabolize neuropeptides, such as neurotensin. The biological roles of these enzymes are not well characterized, partially because the chemical tools to analyse their activities are not well developed. Here, we developed a fluorogenic substrate probe for neurolysin and thimet oligopeptidase 1 (THOP1), which enabled the analysis of enzymatic activity changes in tissue and plasma samples. In particular, the probe was useful for studying enzyme activities in a single-molecule enzyme assay platform, which can detect enzyme activity with high sensitivity. We detected the activity of neurolysin in plasma samples and revealed higher enzyme activity in the blood samples of patients with colorectal tumor. The result indicated that single-molecule neurolysin activity is a promising candidate for a blood biomarker for colorectal cancer diagnosis.

Characteristics of urine spraying and scraping the ground with hind paws as scent-marking of captive cheetahs (Acinonyx jubatus).

Olfactory communication is common in felids. We observed two scent-markings, urine spraying and scraping the ground with hind paws during excretion, of 25 captive cheetahs. We analyzed the association of sniffing with the timing of urine spraying and scraping, and differences in these behaviors based on sex, age, and captive environment to understand the olfactory communication among cheetahs. Both scent-markings were strongly associated with sniffing, especially scraping, and the presence or absence of scent was thought to be a trigger. Both behaviors were observed only in adults; scraping was observed only in males. To our knowledge, this study was first to confirm the discharge of secretions from the anal glands during scraping. The frequencies of both behaviors were significantly higher in males kept in shared enclosures containing other individuals than in males kept in monopolized enclosures, while there was no difference in the frequencies among females. Female cheetahs are solitary and have non-exclusive home range, whereas male cheetahs are either solitary or live in coalition groups and there are territorial and non-territorial males. Our results could be attributed to the differences in sociality between the sexes and effect of the living environment.

Neuroprotective response after photodynamic therapy: role of vascular endothelial growth factor.

BACKGROUND: Anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs and/or photodynamic therapy (PDT) constitute current treatments targeting pathological vascular tissues in tumors and age-related macular degeneration. Concern that PDT might induce VEGF and exacerbate the disease has led us to current practice of using anti-VEGF drugs with PDT simultaneously. However, the underlying molecular mechanisms of these therapies are not well understood. METHODS: We assessed VEGF levels after PDT of normal mouse retinal tissue, using a laser duration that did not cause obvious tissue damage. To determine the role of PDT-induced VEGF and its downstream signaling, we intravitreally injected a VEGF inhibitor, VEGFR1 Fc, or a PI3K/Akt inhibitor, LY294002, immediately after PDT. Then, histological and biochemical changes of the retinal tissue were analyzed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblot analyses, respectively. RESULTS: At both the mRNA and protein levels, VEGF was upregulated immediately and transiently after PDT. VEGF suppression after PDT resulted in apoptotic destruction of the photoreceptor cell layer in only the irradiated area during PDT. Under these conditions, activation of the anti-apoptotic molecule Akt was suppressed in the irradiated area, and levels of the pro-apoptotic protein BAX were increased. Intravitreal injection of a PI3K/Akt inhibitor immediately after PDT increased BAX levels and photoreceptor cell apoptosis. CONCLUSION: Cytotoxic stress caused by PDT, at levels that do not cause overt tissue damage, induces VEGF and activates Akt to rescue the neural tissue, suppressing BAX. Thus, the immediate and transient induction of VEGF after PDT is neuroprotective.

Transcriptional factors associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition in choroidal neovascularization.

PURPOSE: To investigate the transcriptional factors associated with epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) in choroidal neovascularization (CNV) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD). METHODS: Paraffin sections of CNV obtained from patients with AMD (n = 12) were stained for transcriptional factors related to EMT, i.e., Snail, Slug, SIP1, and Twist. As a control, postmortem sections of ocular normal tissue were used. Furthermore, using a human retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cell line (ARPE-19), reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunofluorescence microscopy were performed to explore the cellular localization and expression levels of EMT-associated transcriptional factors upon cytokine stimulation. RESULTS: Of 12 specimens, 11 CNV tissues (91.6%) showed staining for Snail localized in cellular nuclei, particularly in those of RPE cells. Snail was strongly co-localized with α-smooth muscle antigen (SMA) in RPE cells. In contrast, postmortem human retina showed no Snail staining in RPE cells. Other transcriptional factors, Slug, Twist and SIP1 were not detected in CNV or normal human retina. In ARPE-19 cells, RT-PCR and immunofluorescence microscopy showed that Snail mRNA was upregulated by transforming growth factor (TGF)-ß and VEGF stimulation. Furthermore, TGF-ß induced relocalization of Snail to the nucleus in RPE cells. CONCLUSIONS: The current data indicate that Snail is a major transcriptional factor for EMT changes of RPE cells in human CNV.

Assessment of Hypofluorescent Foci on Late-Phase Indocyanine Green Angiography in Central Serous Chorioretinopathy.

To assess the hypofluorescent foci (HFF) on late-phase indocyanine green angiography (ICGA) in central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) using short-wavelength fundus autofluorescence (SW-FAF), near-infrared autofluorescence (NIR-AF), and fluorescein angiography (FA). The HFF area on late-phase ICGA for at least 20 min was compared with the area of abnormal foci on SW-FAF, NIR-AF, and FA. In 14 consecutive patients (12 men, including 1 with bilateral CSC; and 2 women with unilateral CSC), four kinds of images of 27 eyes were acquired. The mean age ± standard deviation (range) was 46 ± 9.2 years (31-69 years). The HFF on late-phase ICGA were found in 23 eyes (in all 15 CSC eyes and the contralateral 8 eyes). From the results of simple regression analysis, we obtained the following three formulas. The HFF area on ICGA = 1.058 × [abnormal SW-FAF area] + 0.135, the HFF area on ICGA = 1.001 × [abnormal NIR-AF area] + 0.015, and the HFF area on ICGA = 1.089 × [abnormal FA area] + 0.135. Compared to SW-FAF and FA, NIR-AF was found to be the easiest method to detect the HFF on late-phase ICGA, which may indicate melanin abnormalities, especially a decrease, in the retinal pigment epithelium.

Eicosapentaenoic acid suppresses ocular inflammation in endotoxin-induced uveitis.

PURPOSE: To investigate the effect of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on acute ocular inflammation in an animal model of endotoxin-induced uveitis (EIU). METHODS: C57Bl/6 mice (6-week-old males) were orally treated with EPA at a dose of 50 mg/kg/day for 5 days. EIU was then induced in the animals by intraperitoneal injection of 160 microg lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Twenty-four hours after LPS injection, leukocyte adhesion to the retinal vasculature was evaluated by the concanavalin A lectin perfusion-labeling technique, and leukocyte infiltration into the vitreous cavity was quantified. Furthermore, the protein levels of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-1, interleukin (IL)-6, intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and phospholyrated nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB p65 in the retina and retinal pigment epithelium (RPE)-choroid complex were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). RESULTS: At 24 h after LPS injection, the EIU animals treated with oral EPA administration showed a significant decrease in leukocyte adhesion to the retinal vessels by 43.4% (p<0.01) and leukocyte infiltration into the vitreous cavity by 49.2% (p<0.05). In addition, EPA significantly reduced the protein levels of MCP-1 and IL-6 in the retina and the RPE-choroid complex. Furthermore, phosphorylation of NF-kappaB was suppressed by EPA treatment. CONCLUSIONS: Our data suggest that EPA inhibits multiple inflammatory molecules in vivo. EPA may become a novel strategy in the prevention and/or treatment of ocular inflammatory diseases.

Genotyping HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles in Japanese patients with normal tension glaucoma.

PURPOSE: Normal tension glaucoma (NTG) is a subtype of glaucoma in which intraocular pressure is within the statistically normal range. NTG may be associated with an immune disorder. The aim of this study was to determine whether specific alleles in the human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 genes correlated with NTG in Japanese patients. METHODS: We genotyped the HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 alleles in 113 Japanese patients with NTG and in 184 healthy Japanese control subjects using the polymerase chain reaction-sequence-specific oligonucleotide probes (PCR-SSOP) Luminex method. We assessed the allelic diversity in patients and controls. RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences in the allele frequency of HLADRB1 and HLA-DQB1 between NTG patients and control subjects, and no HLA-DRB1-HLA-DQB1 haplotypes demonstrated any significant association with NTG. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings suggest that HLA-DRB1 and HLA-DQB1 polymorphisms have no significant effect on the development of NTG in Japanese patients.

Ocular and Systemic Effects of Antioxidative Supplement Use in Young and Healthy Adults: Real-World Cross-Sectional Data.

Randomized controlled studies have shown that antioxidative supplements are effective in suppressing the progression of age-related macular degeneration and visual display terminal syndrome. However, effects of their general use in the real-world and by young and healthy individuals have not been well documented. We analyzed 27 participants who were under 35 years of age and had no diagnosed diseases. Mean functional visual acuity (FVA) score and visual maintenance ratio, which represent quick recognition of a target, both measured using FVA system, were better (both p < 0.01) in subjects who had had regular antioxidative supplement intake for more than 2 months (11 participants) compared with those who had not. Systemic data, i.e., total cholesterol, hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels, which correspond to chronic low-grade inflammation, were lower (all p < 0.05) in the former. Overall, hs-CRP levels had a correlation with total cholesterol (p < 0.05) and a trend of correlation with HbA1c (p = 0.054) levels. Thus, current real-world data showed that young, healthy participants who had a regular intake of antioxidative supplements had better visual acuity and systemic levels of metabolic and low-grade inflammation markers. This study will help promote future research into the effects of general antioxidative supplement use.

The Area and Number of Intraretinal Cystoid Spaces Predict the Visual Outcome after Ranibizumab Monotherapy in Diabetic Macular Edema.

Visual outcomes in diabetic macular edema (DME) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor therapy vary across individuals. We retrospectively reviewed the clinical records for 46 treatment-naive eyes of 46 patients with DME who underwent intravitreal ranibizumab (IVR) monotherapy with a pro re nata regimen for 12 months. Overall, mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved. Multivariate analyses adjusted for age and baseline BCVA showed that the area ratio, compared with the retinal area, and the number of intraretinal cystoid spaces evaluated on OCT (optical coherence tomography) images at baseline positively correlated with LogMAR BCVA and the extents of ellipsoid zone and external limiting membrane disruption at 12 months, and negatively correlated with central retinal thickness at the time of edema resolution. Therefore, a high area ratio and large number of intraretinal cystoid spaces resulted in a disorganized outer retinal structure at 12 months, a thin and atrophic retina after edema resolution, and a worse visual outcome. The area ratio and number of intraretinal cystoid spaces on initial OCT images were predictors of the visual outcome after IVR therapy in DME irrespective of baseline age and BCVA. The factors were related to retinal neurodegenerative changes in DME and could help in obtaining proper informed consent before treatment.

Hyperreflective Material in Optical Coherence Tomography Images of Eyes with Myopic Choroidal Neovascularization May Affect the Visual Outcome.

The visual outcome of myopic choroidal neovascularization (CNV) after anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) therapy varies among individuals. We retrospectively analyzed the data of 24 eyes (24 patients) with treatment-naïve myopic CNV who underwent anti-VEGF monotherapy following a pro-re-nata regimen at the Division of Medical Retina Clinic, Department of Ophthalmology, Keio University Hospital between May 2014 and December 2017. The mean age was 70.6 ± 2.1 years, and 16 (66.7%) patients were female. Overall, the mean best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) improved (p = 0.034), and the mean height of the hyperreflective material (HRM), involving the CNV lesion recorded by optical coherence tomography, decreased (p < 0.01) 12 months after the initial treatment. Fifteen eyes (62.5%) achieved a BCVA of better than 0.10 in LogMAR at 12 months; they had a better BCVA (p = 0.015) and lower HRM intensity (p = 0.033) at baseline than the others. Remarkably, the BCVA improved (p < 0.05) and the HRM height (p < 0.01) decreased only in eyes with a final BCVA better than 0.10 as early as 1 month after the initial treatment, which was still present at 12 months. The HRM height and intensity, not only the BCVA, would be valuable in evaluating the prognosis of myopic CNV after anti-VEGF therapy, although further study is required.