Glycemic control and insulin requirements in type 1 diabetic patients depending on the clinical characteristics at diabetes onset.

INTRODUCTION: The long-term prognosis of type 1 diabetes (T1DM) was evaluated in relation to the clinical characteristics at the time of diabetes onset. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We examined retrospectively the clinical and laboratory characteristics present at the time of diagnosis in 301 adult patients (187 men) consecutively admitted to hospital with T1DM onset and evaluated the clinical outcome of T1DM during 6 ± 4.8 years following diagnosis. RESULTS: Women needed a greater insulin dose per kg of body weight over the first 2 years following diagnosis. Younger patients at diagnosis had greater insulin requirements during follow-up. Patients with at least one positive pancreatic antibody needed a greater insulin dose 2 years after diagnosis and developed poorer glycemic control during follow-up than patients with no detectable pancreatic antibodies at onset. Diabetic ketoacidosis at onset was associated with greater insulin requirements over the first 2 years of follow-up and with poorer glycemic control during the course of the illness. C-peptide levels at diagnosis correlated with insulin requirements during the first 2 years of follow-up. Patients with higher HbA1c levels at diagnosis had greater insulin requirements in the first year of follow-up. A correlation was found between the HbA1c levels at the consecutive years of follow-up. CONCLUSIONS: Female sex, younger age, humoral pancreatic autoimmunity, diabetic ketoacidosis, lower pancreatic reserve and higher HbA1c levels at onset could predict a poor long-term clinical outcome of T1DM in terms of insulin requirements and glycemic control.

[Life style, dietary habits and nutritional evaluation of Hospital de Mérida health professionals]. / Hábitos de vida, de alimentación y evaluación nutricional en personal sanitario del hospital de Mérida.

INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: Living habits, several nutritional aspects and relationship between them were studied of Hospital de Mérida health professional of the Extremadura Health Service (SES). METHODS: Forty-three employed workers participates voluntary in this project by submitting a questionary about personal details and life style, and a seven-days-food-intake-dietary. Finally, their anthropometric data were also measured. RESULTS: Men tend to play more physical activities than women. They also were more sedentary. They use to smoke less than women, but they do drink more. Normal-weight subjects tried to practice sport during more time than overweight and obese ones. However, they also remained sitting for longer periods on a weekly basis. The average daily intakes of kilocalories were higher in men, but protein intakes were higher in women. Fat intake was increased in both sexes. The average daily intake of kilocalories was lower in obese subjects than over and normal-weights ones. An increase in the body mass index was accompanied by a bigger waist perimeter, waist to hip ratio, fat mass and body fat percentage. CONCLUSION: The majority of people interviewed in the survey have healthy living and dietary habits. Protein and fat daily intake is slightly higher than the values recommended by the WHO. Carbohydrates intake, by contrast, is lower.

INTRODUCCIÓN Y OBJETIVOS: Se estudiaron hábitos de vida y diversos aspectos nutricionales y la relación entre ellos en personal sanitario del Hospital de Mérida del Servicio Extremeño de Salud (SES). MÉTODO: Se contó con la participación voluntaria de 43 trabajadores en activo los cuales autorrealizaron un cuestionario de datos personales, estilos de vida y un registro alimentario de siete días. Además se les midieron una serie de datos antropométricos. RESULTADOS: Los hombres practicaban más actividad física, eran más sedentarios, fumaban menos y bebían más alcohol que las mujeres. Los sujetos con normopeso practicaban más horas de actividad física que los sujetos con sobrepeso y que los obesos y paradójicamente los sujetos con normopeso pasaban más horas sentados a la semana que los obesos. La media de kcal/día fue superior en hombres que en mujeres y en estas se observa un aumento significativo en el consumo de proteínas con respecto a los hombres, así mismo, la ingesta de lípidos y colesterol se encontró elevada en ambos casos. La media de kcal/día fue inferior en los sujetos obesos que en los sujetos con normopeso y sobrepeso. El IMC (índice de masa corporal) se acompañó de un aumento del perímetro cintura, de la cadera, de la masa grasa y del % grasa corporal. CONCLUSIÓN: La mayor parte de los sujetos estudiados presenta hábitos de vida y alimentación saludables. La ingesta de proteínas, lípidos y colesterol está ligeramente elevada mientras que la ingesta de hidratos de carbono esta disminuida con respecto a los valores recomendados.

Hábitos de vida, de alimentación y evaluación nutricional en personal sanitario del hospital de Mérida / Life style, dietary habits and nutritional evaluation of hospital de Mérida health professionals

Introducción y objetivos: Se estudiaron hábitos de vida y diversos aspectos nutricionales y la relación entre ellos en personal sanitario del Hospital de Mérida del Servicio Extremeño de Salud (SES). Método: Se contó con la participación voluntaria de 43 trabajadores en activo los cuales autorrealizaron un cuestionario de datos personales, estilos de vida y un registro alimentario de siete días. Además se les midieron una serie de datos antropométricos. Resultados: Los hombres practicaban más actividad física, eran más sedentarios, fumaban menos y bebían más alcohol que las mujeres. Los sujetos con normopeso practicaban más horas de actividad física que los sujetos con sobrepeso y que los obesos y paradójicamente los sujetos con normopeso pasaban más horas sentados a la semana que los obesos. La media de kcal/día fue superior en hombres que en mujeres y en estas se observa un aumento significativo en el consumo de proteínas con respecto a los hombres, así mismo, la ingesta de lípidos y colesterol se encontró elevada en ambos casos. La media de kcal/día fue inferior en los sujetos obesos que en los sujetos con normopeso y sobrepeso. El IMC (índice de masa corporal) se acompañó de un aumento del perímetro cintura, de la cadera, de la masa grasa y del % grasa corporal. Conclusión: La mayor parte de los sujetos estudiados presenta hábitos de vida y alimentación saludables. La ingesta de proteínas, lípidos y colesterol está ligeramente elevada mientras que la ingesta de hidratos de carbono esta disminuida con respecto a los valores recomendados (AU)

Introduction and aims: Living habits, several nutritional aspects and the relationship between them were studied at Hospital de Mérida health professionals in the Extremadura Health Service. Methods: Forty-three employed workers voluntary participated in this project by submitting a questionnaire about personal details and life style, and a seven-day food intake diary. Finally, their anthropometric data were also measured. Results: Men tended to do more physical activities than women. They also were more sedentary. They used to smoke less than women, but they drank more alcohol. Normoweight subjects tried to practice sport during more time than overweight and obese ones. However, they also remained sitting for longer periods on a weekly basis. The average daily intakes of kilocalories were higher in men, but protein intakes were higher in women. Fat intake was increased in both sexes. The average daily intake of kilocalories was lower in obese subjects than overweight and normoweight ones. An increase in the body mass index was accompanied by a bigger waist perimeter, waist to hip ratio, fat mass and body fat percentage. Conclusion: The majority of people interviewed in the survey have healthy living and dietary habits. Protein and fat daily intake is slightly higher than the values recommended by the WHO. Carbohydrate intake, by contrast, is lower (AU)