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1.
Br J Cancer ; 110(10): 2389-95, 2014 May 13.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24722181

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a new shortened 3-week treatment schedule of carbon ion radiotherapy (CIRT) for prostate cancer. METHODS: Beginning in May 2010, patients with T1b-T3bN0M0, histologically proven prostate adenocarcinoma were enrolled in the phase II trial of CIRT. Patients received 51.6 GyE in 12 fractions over 3 weeks (protocol 1002). The primary end point was defined as the incidence of late adverse events that were evaluated based on the Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events version 4.0. Biochemical failure was determined using the Phoenix definition (nadir +2.0 ng ml(-1)). RESULTS: Forty-six patients were enrolled, and all patients were included in the analysis. The number of low-, intermediate-, and high-risk patients was 12 (26%), 9 (20%), and 25 (54%), respectively. The median follow-up period of surviving patients was 32.3 months. Two patients had intercurrent death without recurrence, and the remaining 44 patients were alive at the time of this analysis. In the analysis of late toxicities, grade 1 (G1) rectal haemorrhage was observed in 3 (7%) patients. The incidence of G1 haematuria was observed in 6 (13%) patients, and G1 urinary frequency was observed in 17 (37%) patients. No ⩾G2 late toxicities were observed. In the analysis of acute toxicities, 2 (4%) patients showed G2 urinary frequency, and no other G2 acute toxicities were observed. CONCLUSIONS: The new shortened CIRT schedule over 3 weeks was considered as feasible. The analysis of long-term outcome is warranted.


Asunto(s)
Adenocarcinoma/radioterapia , Carbono/uso terapéutico , Radioterapia de Iones Pesados , Neoplasias de la Próstata/radioterapia , Adenocarcinoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antagonistas de Andrógenos/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos Hormonales/uso terapéutico , Carbono/efectos adversos , Terapia Combinada , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Fraccionamiento de la Dosis de Radiación , Estudios de Seguimiento , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/epidemiología , Hemorragia Gastrointestinal/etiología , Radioterapia de Iones Pesados/efectos adversos , Iones Pesados/efectos adversos , Hematuria/epidemiología , Hematuria/etiología , Humanos , Incidencia , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Órganos en Riesgo , Neoplasias de la Próstata/tratamiento farmacológico , Traumatismos por Radiación/epidemiología , Traumatismos por Radiación/etiología , Planificación de la Radioterapia Asistida por Computador , Recto/efectos de la radiación , Resultado del Tratamiento , Vejiga Urinaria/efectos de la radiación , Trastornos Urinarios/epidemiología , Trastornos Urinarios/etiología
2.
Diabet Med ; 31(11): 1378-86, 2014 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24750392

RESUMEN

AIMS: To examine current BMI and various aspects of BMI history as pre-screening tools for undiagnosed diabetes in Japanese individuals. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 16 226 men and 7026 women aged 30-75 years without a self-reported history of clinician-diagnosed diabetes. We estimated the probability of having undiagnosed diabetes (fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l and/or HbA1c ≥ 48 mmol/mol (≥ 6.5%) for the following variables: current BMI, BMI in the early 20s (BMI(20y)), lifetime maximum BMI (BMI(max)), change between BMI in the early 20s and current BMI (ΔBMI(20y-cur)), change between BMI in the early 20s and maximum BMI (ΔBMI(20y-max)), and change between lifetime maximum and current BMI (ΔBMI(max-cur)). RESULTS: The prevalence of undiagnosed diabetes was 3.3% (771/23252) among participants. BMI(max) , ΔBMI(20y-max) and current BMI (1-sd increments) were more strongly associated with diabetes than the other factors (multivariate odds ratio 1.58 [95% CI 1.47-1.70] in men and 1.65 [95% CI 1.43-1.90] in women for BMI(max) ; multivariate odds ratio 1.47 [95% CI 1.37-1.58] in men and 1.61 [95% CI 1.41-1.84] in women for ΔBMI(20y-max) ; multivariate odds ratio 1.47 [95% CI 1.36-1.58] in men and 1.63 [95% CI 1.40-1.89] in women for current BMI). The probability of having diabetes was markedly higher in those with both the highest tertile of BMI(max) and greatest ΔBMI(20y-max) ; however, a substantially lower likelihood of diabetes was observed among individuals with the lowest and middle tertiles of current BMI (< 24.62 kg/m² in men and < 22.54 kg/m² in women). CONCLUSIONS: Lifetime maximum BMI and BMI changes from early adulthood were strongly associated with undiagnosed diabetes. Adding BMI history to people's current BMI would improve the identification of individuals with a markedly higher probability of having undiagnosed diabetes.


Asunto(s)
Envejecimiento , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Obesidad/complicaciones , Sobrepeso/complicaciones , Adulto , Anciano , Glucemia/análisis , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios Transversales , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/complicaciones , Femenino , Hemoglobina Glucada/análisis , Hospitales Urbanos , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Tamizaje Masivo , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/terapia , Sobrepeso/terapia , Prevalencia , Factores de Riesgo , Autoinforme , Aumento de Peso
3.
Diabet Med ; 30(11): 1355-9, 2013 Nov.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23756249

RESUMEN

AIMS: To investigate whether living alone was associated with the presence of undiagnosed diabetes and whether this association could be attenuated by modifiable lifestyle habits. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 6400 Japanese men without a history of diagnosed diabetes. Individuals with currently undiagnosed diabetes were identified through fasting glucose concentration ≥7.0 mmol/l or HbA1c concentration ≥ 48 mmol/mol (≥ 6.5%). Effect modification was examined using body mass index, hypertension, history of dyslipidaemia, drinking habits, smoking habits, physical activity, vegetable intake, emotional stress and depressed mood. RESULTS: Men who lived alone (n = 1098) had a significantly elevated odds ratio for having undiagnosed diabetes in an age-adjusted model (odds ratio 1.45, 95% CI 1.07, 1.96; P = 0.018). After adjustment for lifestyle factors, the association was slightly attenuated (odds ratio 1.40, 95% CI 1.02, 1.91; P = 0.036). After further adjustment for all factors mentioned above, living alone was still marginally significantly associated with the presence of undiagnosed diabetes (odds ratio 1.38, 95% CI 1.003, 1.90; P = 0.048). A significant association of living alone with the presence of undetected diabetes was particularly observed among men who were overweight, currently smoked and were physically inactive, or had any one of those three factors. CONCLUSIONS: The association between undiagnosed diabetes and living alone can be partially influenced by modifiable lifestyle factors. Men who lived alone, especially those who did not engage in favourable lifestyle habits, were more likely to have undiagnosed diabetes. Such individuals have a higher probability of having undetected diabetic hyperglycaemia and would need to undergo glucose tests to identify the disease.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Persona Soltera/estadística & datos numéricos , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Consumo de Bebidas Alcohólicas/epidemiología , Índice de Masa Corporal , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Depresión/epidemiología , Dieta , Humanos , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Factores de Riesgo , Conducta de Reducción del Riesgo , Fumar/epidemiología , Estrés Psicológico/epidemiología , Adulto Joven
4.
Diabetologia ; 55(12): 3213-23, 2012 Dec.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22955996

RESUMEN

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: The aims of this study were to assess the clinical significance of introducing HbA(1c) into a risk score for diabetes and to develop a scoring system to predict the 5 year incidence of diabetes in Japanese individuals. METHODS: The study included 7,654 non-diabetic individuals aged 40-75 years. Incident diabetes was defined as fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥7.0 mmol/l, HbA(1c) ≥6.5% (48 mmol/mol) or self-reported clinician-diagnosed diabetes. We constructed a risk score using non-laboratory assessments (NLA) and evaluated improvements in risk prediction by adding elevated FPG, elevated HbA(1c) or both to NLA. RESULTS: The discriminative ability of the NLA score (age, sex, family history of diabetes, current smoking and BMI) was 0.708. The difference in discrimination between the NLA + FPG and NLA + HbA(1c) scores was non-significant (0.836 vs 0.837; p = 0.898). A risk score including family history of diabetes, smoking, obesity and both FPG and HbA(1c) had the highest discrimination (0.887, 95% CI 0.871, 0.903). At an optimal cut-off point, sensitivity and specificity were high at 83.7% and 79.0%, respectively. After initial screening using NLA scores, subsequent information on either FPG or HbA(1c) resulted in a net reclassification improvement of 42.7% or 52.3%, respectively (p < 0.0001). When both were available, net reclassification improvement and integrated discrimination improvement were further improved at 56.7% (95% CI 47.3%, 66.1%) and 10.9% (9.7%, 12.1%), respectively. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Information on HbA(1c) or FPG levels after initial screening by NLA can precisely refine diabetes risk reclassification.


Asunto(s)
Pueblo Asiatico/estadística & datos numéricos , Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/diagnóstico , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Adulto , Anciano , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/epidemiología , Ayuno/sangre , Femenino , Humanos , Incidencia , Japón/epidemiología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Obesidad/epidemiología , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Medición de Riesgo , Factores de Riesgo , Fumar/epidemiología , Factores de Tiempo
5.
Diabet Med ; 29(9): e279-85, 2012 Sep.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22510023

RESUMEN

AIM: To evaluate various screening criteria for pre-diabetes to identify which combination of impaired fasting glucose and elevated HbA(1c) values performs most effectively in predicting future diabetes in a large cohort of Japanese individuals. METHODS: The study included 4670 men and 1571 women without diabetes (diabetes: fasting plasma glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/l, HbA(1c) ≥ 48 mmol/mol (≥ 6.5%), or self-reported clinician-diagnosed diabetes). Pre-diabetes was diagnosed by a combination of impaired fasting glucose (fasting plasma glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/l or 6.1-6.9 mmol/l) and elevated HbA(1c) [39-46 mmol/mol (5.7-6.4%) or 42-46 mmol/mol (6.0-6.4%)]. RESULTS: During a 5-year follow-up, 338 incident cases of diabetes occurred. The combination of HbA(1c) 39-46 mmol/mol (5.7-6.4%) and fasting plasma glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/l yielded the highest sensitivity (86%) and generated a large population-attributable per cent risk (78%) for predicting development of diabetes. Among individuals classified as having pre-diabetes by any of the four combined criteria, 20.5-32.0% reverted to the normoglycaemic state as having neither elevated HbA(1c) nor impaired fasting glucose at the last follow-up examination. At 5.6 years after the baseline examination, however, pre-diabetic individuals who fulfilled both HbA(1c) 42-46 mmol/mol (6.0-6.4%) and fasting plasma glucose 6.1-6.9 mmol/l had a 100% cumulative risk of developing diabetes. CONCLUSIONS: The combination of HbA(1c) 39-46 mmol/mol (5.7-6.4%) and fasting plasma glucose 5.6-6.9 mmol/l would have the best performance in reducing the likelihood of missing future cases of diabetes. Identifying pre-diabetic individuals who strictly fulfil HbA(1c) 42-46 mmol/mol (6.0-6.4%) and fasting plasma glucose 6.1-6.9 mmol/l would predict definite progression to diabetes.


Asunto(s)
Glucemia/metabolismo , Diabetes Mellitus/epidemiología , Ayuno/metabolismo , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Tamizaje Masivo/métodos , Estado Prediabético/sangre , Estado Prediabético/diagnóstico , Adulto , Estudios de Cohortes , Diabetes Mellitus/sangre , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Incidencia , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estado Prediabético/clasificación , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Factores de Riesgo , Sensibilidad y Especificidad
6.
Diabet Med ; 29(10): 1285-90, 2012 Oct.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22486679

RESUMEN

AIMS: We aimed to characterize the association of insulin resistance, impaired insulin secretion and ß-cell dysfunction in relation to HbA(1c) levels in a non-diabetic range in Japanese individuals without clinically diagnosed diabetes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1444 individuals without a history of outpatient treatment of diabetes or use of insulin or oral hypoglycaemic agents. The homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance and beta-cell function, insulinogenic index, Matsuda index and disposition index were calculated using data from 75-g oral glucose tolerance tests and compared across quintile (Q) categories of HbA(1c) levels. RESULTS: Fasting plasma glucose and 30-min and 60-min plasma glucose (PG) levels were significantly higher when HbA(1c) exceeded 36 mmol/mol (5.4%). A HbA(1c) concentration of 36-37 mmol/mol (5.4-5.5%) (Q3) was significantly associated with a 15% lower homeostasis model assessment of ß-cell function value and 31% lower insulinogenic index value compared with HbA(1c) ≤ 32 mmol/mol (≤ 5.1%) (Q1) (P <0.01). Further, a HbA(1c) concentration of 38-40 mmol/mol (5.6-5.8%) (Q4) was associated with 17% (P <0.01) and 24% (P <0.05) reductions in those indexes, respectively. However, the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance was not significantly elevated and the Matsuda index was not significantly lower unless HbA(1c) exceeded 41 mmol/mol (5.9%). Individuals with HbA(1c) ≥ 41 mmol/mol (≥ 5.9%) (Q5) had a 69% lower disposition index than those with a HbA(1c) concentration of ≤ 32 mmol/mol (≤ 5.1%) (Q1). CONCLUSIONS: Elevated HbA(1c) levels ≥ 41 mmol/mol (≥ 5.9%) were associated with substantial reductions in insulin secretion, insulin sensitivity and ß-cell dysfunction in Japanese individuals not treated for diabetes. High normal HbA(1c) levels of 36-40 mmol/mol (5.4-5.8%) were also associated with impaired insulin secretion without marked insulin resistance in Japanese individuals.


Asunto(s)
Glucemia/metabolismo , Hemoglobina Glucada/metabolismo , Resistencia a la Insulina , Células Secretoras de Insulina/metabolismo , Insulina/metabolismo , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Análisis de Varianza , Pueblo Asiatico , Biomarcadores/sangre , Estudios Transversales , Ayuno/sangre , Femenino , Prueba de Tolerancia a la Glucosa , Humanos , Insulina/sangre , Secreción de Insulina , Japón , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Adulto Joven
7.
Benef Microbes ; 13(1): 33-46, 2022 Feb 28.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35144523

RESUMEN

To estimate the health-promoting effects of Lacticaseibacillus paracasei (previously Lactobacillus casei) strain Shirota (LcS) that reached the lower gastrointestinal tract alive, we investigated the characteristics of gut microbiome, organic acid profiles, defecatory symptoms and serum viral antibody indexes of healthy Japanese adults between the group in whom live LcS was detected or not from stool. The ß-diversity index of the gut microbiome constituted a significant difference between the live-LcS-detected-group (LLD) and the live-LcS-not-detected-group (LLnD). In the LLD, the Bifidobacteriaceae, Lactobacillaceae, and Coriobacteriaceae counts were significantly higher, and the succinate concentration was significantly lower than that in the LLnD. The serum herpes simplex virus (HSV) immunoglobulin (Ig)M antibody index in the LLD tended to be lower than that of the LLnD in HSV IgG-positive subjects. Of the LLD, those in the fermented milk products containing LcS (FML)-high-frequency-group (FML-HF) and those in the FML-low-frequency-group (FML-LF) had different gut microbiome and organic acid profiles. However, the pattern of differences between FML-HF and FML-LF was dissimilar those between LLD and LLnD. In contrast, among subjects with FML-LF, those in the group with LLD in stool (LF-LLD) and those in the LLnD in stool (LF-LLnD) showed a similar pattern of differences in their gut microbiome and organic acid profiles as those in the LLnD and LLD. The LLD and LF-LLD commonly had lower caloric and carbohydrate intakes from the diet than their respective control groups. In this study, we found that the presence of live LcS in stool is associated with a healthy gut environment and inhibition of the reactivation of latently infected viruses in the host. However, these health-promoting effects on the host were not related to the frequency of FML intake. Furthermore, dysbiosis of the gut microbiome and diet including caloric intake was related to the viability of ingested LcS in the gut.


Asunto(s)
Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Lacticaseibacillus casei , Probióticos , Adulto , Heces , Humanos , Japón
8.
Diabetologia ; 54(4): 762-6, 2011 Apr.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21212932

RESUMEN

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Evidence has suggested that low serum potassium concentrations decrease insulin secretion, leading to glucose intolerance, and that hypokalaemia induced by diuretics increases the risk for diabetes in hypertensive individuals. However, no prospective study has investigated the association between serum potassium and the development of type 2 diabetes in a healthy cohort comprised of Asian individuals not being administered antihypertensive medications. This study aimed to investigate whether low serum potassium is associated with increased risk of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy Japanese men. METHODS: We followed 4,409 Japanese men with no history of diabetes, use of antihypertensives, renal dysfunction or liver dysfunction (mean ± SD age, 48.4 ± 8.4 years). Cox proportional hazards regression was used to estimate HRs for incident diabetes (fasting plasma glucose level ≥ 7.0 mmol/l, HbA(1c) ≥ 6.5% or self-reported) including serum potassium concentration as either a categorical or a continuous variable. RESULTS: During a 5 year follow-up, 250 individuals developed type 2 diabetes. The lowest tertile of serum potassium (2.8-3.9 mmol/l) was independently associated with the development of diabetes after adjustment for known predictors (HR 1.57 [95% CI, 1.15-2.15]) compared with the highest tertile (4.2-5.4 mmol/l). Every 0.5 mmol/l lower increment in the baseline serum potassium level was associated with a 45% (12-87%) increased risk of diabetes. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Mild to moderately low serum potassium levels, within the normal range and without frank hypokalaemia, could be predictive of type 2 diabetes in apparently healthy Japanese men.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 2/sangre , Potasio/sangre , Adulto , Pueblo Asiatico , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Modelos de Riesgos Proporcionales , Factores de Riesgo
9.
Epidemiol Infect ; 139(6): 919-26, 2011 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20670468

RESUMEN

Acute diarrhoea remains a major public health challenge in developing countries. We examined the role of a probiotic in the prevention of acute diarrhoea to discover if there was an effect directed towards a specific aetiology. A double-blind, randomized, controlled field trial involving 3758 children aged 1-5 years was conducted in an urban slum community in Kolkata, India. Participants were given either a probiotic drink containing Lactobacillus casei strain Shirota or a nutrient drink daily for 12 weeks. They were followed up for another 12 weeks. The primary outcome of this study was the occurrence of first episodes of diarrhoea. We assessed this during 12 weeks of intake of study agent and also for 12 weeks of follow-up. There were 608 subjects with diarrhoea in the probiotic group and 674 subjects in the nutrient group during the study period of 24 weeks. The level of protective efficacy for the probiotic was 14% (95% confidence interval 4-23, P<0·01 in adjusted model). The reduced occurrence of acute diarrhoea in the probiotic group compared to nutrient group was not associated with any specific aetiology. No adverse event was observed in children of either probiotic or nutrient groups. The study suggests that daily intake of a probiotic drink can play a role in prevention of acute diarrhoea in young children in a community setting of a developing country.


Asunto(s)
Diarrea/prevención & control , Áreas de Pobreza , Probióticos/uso terapéutico , Preescolar , Diarrea/epidemiología , Diarrea/microbiología , Diarrea/parasitología , Método Doble Ciego , Femenino , Humanos , India , Lactante , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Población Urbana/estadística & datos numéricos
10.
J Appl Microbiol ; 109(2): 657-666, 2010 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20202016

RESUMEN

AIMS: Despite the fact that the entire genome sequence of probiotic Lactobacillus casei has recently been available, their mechanisms of beneficial effects are poorly clarified, probably because of the lack of an efficient mutagenesis system. The aim of this study was to establish a practical random mutagenesis system of L. casei using the Tn5 transposome complexes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We optimized the conditions for transformation using a plasmid pUCYIT356-1-Not2 and then transposition reaction using Tn5 transposome system for L. casei ATCC 27139. Tn5 insertion library of this strain being consisted of 9408 mutants was constructed by repeating the mutagenesis procedure. To examine the utility of this mutagenesis system, we screened a panel of insertion mutants for nutrient requirements. Six auxotrophic mutants were isolated and their Tn5 insertion sites were determined by inverse PCR, which demonstrated that insertions occur randomly throughout the whole bacterial genome. CONCLUSIONS: Tn5 transposome system functioned efficiently to generate transposon insertion mutants of L. casei and enabled to construct useful L. casei Tn5 insertion library at optimized conditions for transformation and transposition. SIGNIFICANCE AND IMPACT OF THE STUDY: The availability of this system facilitates the study of the mechanisms of beneficial effects of L. casei for human health.


Asunto(s)
Elementos Transponibles de ADN , Lacticaseibacillus casei/genética , Mutagénesis Insercional/métodos , Probióticos , Genoma Bacteriano , Humanos , Reacción en Cadena de la Polimerasa , Transformación Bacteriana
11.
Clin Exp Dermatol ; 35(6): 645-9, 2010 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19843085

RESUMEN

BACKGROUND: Although the precise pathomechanism of psoriasis is still unknown, various cytokines and growth factors derived from T cells, dendritic cells or keratinocytes, are critically involved in this disease. There have been several studies determining the serum levels of cytokines in patients with psoriasis, but with conflicting results. The levels of various cytokines and growth factors were measured in the sera of patients with psoriasis and compared with those of healthy controls. The correlation with disease severity was also determined. METHODS: Sera were collected from 122 patients with psoriasis and 78 healthy controls for ELISA analysis to evaluate the levels of cytokines and growth factors. The severity of psoriasis was determined by the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI). RESULTS: Serum levels of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interferon (IFN)-gamma, interleukin (IL)-2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18 and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) were significantly increased in patients with psoriasis compared with those of healthy controls. The serum levels of IL-2, soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1, epidermal growth factor, hepatocyte growth factor and amphiregulin were not significantly different from those of healthy controls. Increased serum levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18 and VEGF correlated with PASI. Furthermore, these cytokine levels were decreased after psoriasis treatment. In contrast, serum levels of IL-10 were decreased in psoriasis and negatively correlated with PASI. DISCUSSION: Serum levels of TNF-alpha, IFN-gamma, IL2, IL-6, IL-7, IL-8, IL-12, IL-17, IL-18 and VEGF were positively correlated and that of IL-10 was negatively correlated with PASI in Japanese patients with psoriasis. These parameters might be useful for determining the disease activity of psoriasis.


Asunto(s)
Citocinas/sangre , Péptidos y Proteínas de Señalización Intercelular/sangre , Psoriasis/sangre , Adulto , Anciano , Pueblo Asiatico , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Ensayo de Inmunoadsorción Enzimática , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Psoriasis/inmunología , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad
12.
Osteoporos Int ; 20(6): 935-42, 2009 Jun.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18825300

RESUMEN

SUMMARY: Vitamin K and D deficiency and decreased bone mineral density (BMD) were highly prevalent in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), especially Crohn's disease (CD). Dietary intakes of these vitamins, however, were above the Japanese adequate intakes in IBD patients, suggesting that malabsorption is the basis for hypovitaminosis K and D and decreased BMD. INTRODUCTION: We have studied the possible involvement of vitamin K and D deficiency in the pathogenesis of decreased BMD in IBD. METHODS: Seventy patients with IBD were evaluated for their BMD; plasma levels of vitamin K; phylloquinone (PK), menaquinone-7 (MK-7), and 25OH-D; serum PTH, protein induced by vitamin K absence (PIVKA-II), and undercarboxylated osteocalcin (ucOC) levels; and their food intake. RESULTS: Compared with ulcerative colitis (UC) patients, CD patients had significantly lower plasma vitamin K and 25OH-D concentrations; significantly higher serum levels of PTH, PIVKA-II, and ucOC; and significantly lower BMD scores at almost all measurement sites. More IBD patients were vitamin K deficient in bone than in liver. Multiple regression analyses revealed that low plasma concentrations of vitamin K and 25OH-D were independent risk factors for low BMD and that they were associated with the patients' fat intake, but not with their intake of these vitamins. CONCLUSION: IBD patients have high prevalence of decreased BMD and vitamin K and D deficiency probably caused by malabsorption of these vitamins.


Asunto(s)
Densidad Ósea/fisiología , Fracturas Óseas/etiología , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/complicaciones , Síndromes de Malabsorción/complicaciones , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/complicaciones , Deficiencia de Vitamina K/complicaciones , Adulto , Colitis Ulcerosa/sangre , Colitis Ulcerosa/complicaciones , Enfermedad de Crohn/sangre , Enfermedad de Crohn/complicaciones , Dieta , Femenino , Humanos , Enfermedades Inflamatorias del Intestino/sangre , Síndromes de Malabsorción/sangre , Masculino , Estado Nutricional , Prevalencia , Análisis de Regresión , Factores de Riesgo , Deficiencia de Vitamina D/sangre , Deficiencia de Vitamina K/sangre
13.
Kyobu Geka ; 62(9): 847-9, 2009 Aug.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19670794

RESUMEN

A 58-year-old man was admitted to our hospital complaining of right chest pain. Chest X-ray and chest computed tomography (CT) disclosed a 9 cm mass in the right anterior mediastinum. The tumor demonstrated low signal intensity on T1-weighted images, and high signal intensity on T2-weighted images. It showed delayed enhancement on dynamic magnetic resonance (MR). The operation was performed and the tumor including the infiltrated pericardium and upper and middle lobe of right lung was resected. Histologically, the tumor showed a multinodular proliferation of spindle-shaped or polygonal tumor cells with abundant myxoid background. The histopathological diagnosis of the tumor was myxoid malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH). This is a case report of primary myxoid MFH in the anterior mediastinum. The case is rare in its primary site, but it is typical in CT and MR findings.


Asunto(s)
Histiocitoma Fibroso Maligno/patología , Neoplasias del Mediastino/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad
14.
Benef Microbes ; 10(8): 841-854, 2019 Dec 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31965840

RESUMEN

Few studies have examined the effects of smoking habit, the frequency of alcohol drinking, exercise, and fermented milk consumption on defecatory symptoms and gut microbiota composition, and particularly their interactive effects. We examined the effect of these lifestyle factors on bowel movements and gut microbiota composition in 366 healthy Japanese adults by analysis of covariance. Smoking did not affect defecatory symptoms but was negatively correlated with total bacteria and Enterococcus counts. Drinking frequency was significantly positively correlated with a feeling of incomplete evacuation and counts of the Bacteroides fragilis group and Acidaminococcus groups. Exercise frequency tended to be negatively correlated with the Bristol Stool Form Scale score and was significantly negatively correlated with the counts of Enterobacteriaceae and positively correlated with the Prevotella counts in the faeces. The frequency of fermented milk consumption was not significant but tended to be positively correlated with stool frequency. The frequency of fermented milk consumption was significantly positively correlated with the counts of the Atopobium cluster, Eubacterium cylindroides group, Acidaminococcus group, Clostridium ramosum subgroup, and Lactobacillus in the faeces. The frequency of consumption of probiotic Lactobacillus casei-containing fermented milk was significantly positively correlated with stool frequency. The counts of probiotic Lactobacillus casei in the stool was positively correlated with the counts of Bifidobacterium and total Lactobacillus. These results suggest that smoking, alcohol drinking, exercise, and consumption of fermented milk, particularly containing probiotic L. casei, differently affect bowel movements and gut microbiota composition in healthy Japanese adults.


Asunto(s)
Productos Lácteos Cultivados , Defecación/fisiología , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Hábitos , Adulto , Animales , Productos Lácteos Cultivados/microbiología , Heces , Femenino , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/genética , Voluntarios Sanos , Humanos , Lacticaseibacillus casei , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Probióticos
15.
Kyobu Geka ; 61(10): 903-6, 2008 Sep.
Artículo en Japonés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-18788385

RESUMEN

18-year-old male was referred to our hospital due to persistent cough. The patient was admitted for the investigation of the abnormal shadow on a chest X-ray and chest computed tomography (CT). Chest CT showed a 2.5 cm nodular shadow in the right lower lobe. Bronchofiberscopy revealed the polypoid lesion at the right lower lobe bronchus obstructing the entire lumen of B8-10. The tumor surface was smooth and rich in small vessels. Right lower lobectomy was peformed. The diagnosis of schwannoma was confirmd with the S-100 positive immunohistochemical stain. Bronchial schwannoma is relatively rare disease; less than 90 cases have been reported with respect to schwannoma of case report in Japan.


Asunto(s)
Neoplasias de los Bronquios/diagnóstico , Neoplasias de los Bronquios/cirugía , Neurilemoma/diagnóstico , Neurilemoma/cirugía , Adulto , Neoplasias de los Bronquios/patología , Broncoscopía , Diagnóstico Diferencial , Diagnóstico por Imagen , Humanos , Masculino , Neurilemoma/patología , Neumonectomía , Resultado del Tratamiento
16.
Benef Microbes ; 8(3): 353-365, 2017 May 30.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28504574

RESUMEN

Herein we investigated the intestinal carriage of α-toxigenic and enterotoxigenic Clostridium perfringens during infancy, focusing on its association with other gut microbes and mode of delivery and feeding. Faecal samples from 89 healthy term infants were collected at age 7 days, 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 3 years. C. perfringens was quantified by qPCR; other gut bacteria were quantified by reverse-transcription-qPCR. Alpha-toxigenic C. perfringens was detected in 3.4% infants at day 7 but was present in 35-40% infants at subsequent time-points, with counts ranging from 103-107 cells/g faeces. Enterotoxigenic C. perfringens remained undetected at day 7 but was detected in 1.1, 4.5, 10.1 and 4.5% infants at 1 month, 3 months, 6 months and 3 years, respectively. Intriguingly, infants carrying α-toxigenic C. perfringens had lower levels of Bacteroides fragilis group, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and organic acids as compared to non-carriers. Further analyses revealed that, compared to vaginally-born infants, caesarean-born infants had higher carriage of C. perfringens and lower levels of B. fragilis group, bifidobacteria, lactobacilli and faecal organic acids during first 6 months. Compared to formula-fed infants, breast-fed infants were slightly less often colonised with C. perfringens; and within caesarean-born infants, breast-fed infants had slightly lower levels of C. perfringens and higher levels of B. fragilis group, bifidobacteria, and lactobacilli than formula-fed infants. This study demonstrates the quantitative dynamics of toxigenic C. perfringens colonisation in infants during the early years of life. Caesarean-born infants acquire a somewhat perturbed microbiota, and breast-feeding might be helpful in ameliorating this dysbiosis. Higher carriage of toxigenic C. perfringens in healthy infants is intriguing and warrants further investigation of its sources and clinical significance in infants, particularly the caesarean-born who may represent a potential reservoir of this opportunistic pathogen and might be more prone to associated illnesses.


Asunto(s)
Toxinas Bacterianas/metabolismo , Proteínas de Unión al Calcio/metabolismo , Cesárea/efectos adversos , Clostridium perfringens/aislamiento & purificación , Disbiosis , Enterotoxinas/metabolismo , Microbioma Gastrointestinal/fisiología , Intestinos/microbiología , Fosfolipasas de Tipo C/metabolismo , Bacteroides fragilis/aislamiento & purificación , Bifidobacterium/aislamiento & purificación , Preescolar , Clostridium perfringens/patogenicidad , Heces/microbiología , Femenino , Humanos , Lactante , Recién Nacido , Lactobacillus/aislamiento & purificación , Masculino
17.
J Natl Cancer Inst ; 69(2): 345-7, 1982 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-6955541

RESUMEN

With the use of indirect macrophage migration inhibition (MMI) test, the MMI response to 3-M KCl extract from gastric carcinoma or adjacent normal tissue was studied in patients with gastric carcinoma, in patients with other types of carcinoma, and in normal controls. The migration index (MI) of less than 75, which was 2 SD below the mean MI of normal controls, was considered positive. Twelve (23%) of 52 patients with gastric carcinoma showed positive response to autologous tumor extract, whereas only 2 (6%) of 35 patients responded to autologous normal tissue extract (P less than 0.03). Positive response to allogeneic gastric carcinoma extract occurred in 4 (9%) of 47 patients with gastric carcinoma and in none of 25 patients with other types of carcinoma. None of 39 patients with gastric carcinoma and 19 patients with nongastric carcinoma responded to allogeneic normal tissue extract. These results appeared to show a lower degree of sensitivity but a relatively higher degree of specificity in the indirect MMI test, as compared to those in the direct leukocyte migration inhibition test, for detection of the cell-mediated immune response to tumor-associated antigens in patients with gastric carcinoma.


Asunto(s)
Inhibición de Migración Celular , Macrófagos/inmunología , Neoplasias Gástricas/inmunología , Humanos , Inmunidad Celular , Leucocitos/inmunología , Cloruro de Potasio
18.
Cancer Res ; 46(8): 4213-6, 1986 Aug.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3488123

RESUMEN

The effect of Adriamycin on the generation of cell-mediated cytotoxicity in the mixed cell culture was studied in patients with various carcinomas. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBM) from the patients were cultured with the B-lymphoblastoid cell line Raji in mixed culture, and the induced cytotoxicity was measured by 51Cr release assay. In patients with various carcinomas, the capacity of PBM to be converted to cytotoxic cells was significantly augmented 5, 7, and 10 days after a single dose of 25 mg/sq m i.v., when compared to that of PBM obtained before Adriamycin injection. The peak level of the cytotoxicity observed 7 days after injection was more than 2-fold higher than that before treatment. Although the depletion of adherent cells from PBM either before or after treatment resulted in a decreased cytotoxic response, nonadherent cell fractions as well as unfractionated cells from PBM after drug treatment equally showed an augmented response when compared to that before injection. The distribution of T-cell subsets exhibited a significant increase in the percentage of OKT8 positive cells after administration. Furthermore, PBM obtained after treatment produced significantly higher levels of interleukin 2. The results appear to indicate that the imbalance of T-cell subsets and the increase of interleukin 2 production may be related to the augmenting effect of Adriamycin administration on cytotoxic response in cancer patients.


Asunto(s)
Citotoxicidad Inmunológica/efectos de los fármacos , Doxorrubicina/farmacología , Neoplasias/inmunología , Humanos , Interleucina-2/biosíntesis , Células Asesinas Naturales/efectos de los fármacos , Linfocitos/metabolismo , Macrófagos/inmunología , Monocitos/metabolismo , Linfocitos T/clasificación
19.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 1115(3): 220-4, 1992 Jan 23.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1371228

RESUMEN

A monoclonal antibody (mAb, A) recognizing the FAD-binding domain of 4-aminobenzoate hydroxylase (4-aminobenzoate, NAD(P)H:oxygen oxidoreductase (1-hydroxylating, decarboxylating), EC 1.14.13.27) from Agaricus bisporus, a common edible mushroom, had been produced (Tsuji, H., Ogawa, T., Bando, N., Kimoto, M. and Sasaoka, K. (1990) J. Biol. Chem. 265, 16064-16067). In the present study, three other mAbs (B1, B2 and B3) against the enzyme have been further prepared in order to facilitate the structural characterization of the enzyme. The three new mAbs immunoblotted the enzyme. The four mAbs, including A, were specific for different epitopes on the enzyme. B1 and B2 immunoprecipitated the apoenzyme and the immunoprecipitation was inhibited in the presence of FAD, whereas B3 failed to immunoprecipitate the apoenzyme in the absence or presence of FAD. B1 and B2 competed with FAD for the binding to the apoenzyme. These findings show that B1 and B2 recognize the FAD-binding domain of the enzyme in analogy with A. The immunoblotting analyses of the peptides obtained from the enzyme by digestion with lysyl endopeptidase (EC 3.4.21.50) provided useful knowledge as to the location of the epitopes to the mAbs on the enzyme, suggesting that the FAD-binding domain of the enzyme can be located and characterized by detailed investigations on the location of the epitopes.


Asunto(s)
Agaricus/enzimología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/biosíntesis , Oxigenasas de Función Mixta/inmunología , Animales , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Especificidad de Anticuerpos , Sitios de Unión , Epítopos/inmunología , Flavina-Adenina Dinucleótido/metabolismo , Hibridomas/inmunología , Immunoblotting , Técnicas de Inmunoadsorción , Ratones , Oxigenasas de Función Mixta/química , Oxigenasas de Función Mixta/metabolismo , Fragmentos de Péptidos/inmunología , Fragmentos de Péptidos/metabolismo , Mapeo Peptídico , Serina Endopeptidasas/metabolismo
20.
Biochim Biophys Acta ; 630(1): 137-40, 1980 Jun 05.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-7190029

RESUMEN

Agaricus bisporus contains novel aromatic compounds. By incubation of the mushroom with [G-14 C]shikimic acid, the radioactivity was incorporated into tyrosine, phenylalanine and several unidentified metabolites. The most radioactive metabolite in the stipe and the cap was identified as N-(gamma-L-glutamyl)-4-hydroxyaniline. The radioactivity was proved to be localized in the 4-hydroxyaniline moiety of this compound.


Asunto(s)
Basidiomycota/metabolismo , Glutamina/análogos & derivados , Ácido Shikímico/metabolismo , Glutamina/biosíntesis
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