Your browser doesn't support javascript.
loading
Mostrar: 20 | 50 | 100
Resultados 1 - 5 de 5
Filtrar
1.
Gesundheitswesen ; 2024 Jul 29.
Artículo en Alemán | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38710228

RESUMEN

This position paper is based on the authors' many years of clinical experience and basic science research on the diagnosis and treatment of children and adolescents with a presymptomatic early stage of type 1 diabetes. The benefits as well as potential disadvantages of early detection of type 1 diabetes by islet autoantibody screening are critically discussed. In addition, the perspectives of delaying the onset of the clinical metabolic disease through treatment with teplizumab are addressed. Today, we see the chance for a relevant improvement in therapeutic options and life perspectives of affected children and adolescents. Important next steps for the implementation of islet autoantibody screening in Germany are the training of pediatricians who should inform families about the screening, establishment of a few transregional laboratories that carry out the test, and expansion of regional capacities for the training and care of children with an early stage of type 1 diabetes.

2.
Diabetologia ; 66(9): 1633-1642, 2023 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37329450

RESUMEN

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: We aimed to determine whether disease severity was reduced at onset of clinical (stage 3) type 1 diabetes in children previously diagnosed with presymptomatic type 1 diabetes in a population-based screening programme for islet autoantibodies. METHODS: Clinical data obtained at diagnosis of stage 3 type 1 diabetes were evaluated in 128 children previously diagnosed with presymptomatic early-stage type 1 diabetes between 2015 and 2022 in the Fr1da study and compared with data from 736 children diagnosed with incident type 1 diabetes between 2009 and 2018 at a similar age in the DiMelli study without prior screening. RESULTS: At the diagnosis of stage 3 type 1 diabetes, children with a prior early-stage diagnosis had lower median HbA1c (51 mmol/mol vs 91 mmol/mol [6.8% vs 10.5%], p<0.001), lower median fasting glucose (5.3 mmol/l vs 7.2 mmol/l, p<0.05) and higher median fasting C-peptide (0.21 nmol/l vs 0.10 nmol/l, p<0.001) compared with children without previous early-stage diagnosis. Fewer participants with prior early-stage diagnosis had ketonuria (22.2% vs 78.4%, p<0.001) or required insulin treatment (72.3% vs 98.1%, p<0.05) and only 2.5% presented with diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis of stage 3 type 1 diabetes. Outcomes in children with a prior early-stage diagnosis were not associated with a family history of type 1 diabetes or diagnosis during the COVID-19 pandemic. A milder clinical presentation was observed in children who participated in education and monitoring after early-stage diagnosis. CONCLUSIONS/INTERPRETATION: Diagnosis of presymptomatic type 1 diabetes in children followed by education and monitoring improved clinical presentation at the onset of stage 3 type 1 diabetes.


Asunto(s)
COVID-19 , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1 , Humanos , Niño , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/diagnóstico , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/epidemiología , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/tratamiento farmacológico , Pandemias , Salud Pública , Insulina/uso terapéutico
3.
Chemistry ; 29(60): e202302220, 2023 Oct 26.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37534701

RESUMEN

Fluorine labeling of ribonucleic acids (RNA) in conjunction with 19 F NMR spectroscopy has emerged as a powerful strategy for spectroscopic analysis of RNA structure and dynamics, and RNA-ligand interactions. This study presents the first syntheses of 2'-OCF3 guanosine and uridine phosphoramidites, their incorporation into oligoribonucleotides by solid-phase synthesis and a comprehensive study of their properties. NMR spectroscopic analysis showed that the 2'-OCF3 modification is associated with preferential C2'-endo conformation of the U and G ribose in single-stranded RNA. When paired to the complementary strand, slight destabilization of the duplex caused by the modification was revealed by UV melting curve analysis. Moreover, the power of the 2'-OCF3 label for NMR spectroscopy is demonstrated by dissecting RNA pseudoknot folding and its binding to a small molecule. Furthermore, the 2'-OCF3 modification has potential for applications in therapeutic oligonucleotides. To this end, three 2'-OCF3 modified siRNAs were tested in silencing of the BASP1 gene which indicated enhanced performance for one of them. Importantly, together with earlier work, the present study completes the set of 2'-OCF3 nucleoside phosphoramidites to all four standard nucleobases (A, U, C, G) and hence enables applications that utilize the favorable properties of the 2'-OCF3 group without any restrictions in placing the modification into the RNA target sequence.


Asunto(s)
Oligonucleótidos , ARN , ARN/química , ARN Interferente Pequeño/química , Oligonucleótidos/química , Conformación Molecular , Espectroscopía de Resonancia Magnética , Oligorribonucleótidos , Conformación de Ácido Nucleico
4.
J Autoimmun ; 103: 102289, 2019 09.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31176558

RESUMEN

Adoptive immunotherapy with ex vivo expanded, polyspecific regulatory T cells (Tregs) is a promising treatment for graft-versus-host disease. Animal transplantation models used by us and others have demonstrated that the adoptive transfer of allospecific Tregs offers greater protection from graft rejection than that of polyclonal Tregs. This finding is in contrast to those of autoimmune models, where adoptive transfer of polyspecific Tregs had very limited effects, while antigen-specific Tregs were promising. However, antigen-specific Tregs in autoimmunity cannot be isolated in sufficient numbers. Chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) can modify T cells and redirect their specificity toward needed antigens and are currently clinically used in leukemia patients. A major benefit of CAR technology is its "off-the-shelf" usability in a translational setting in contrast to major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-restricted T cell receptors. We used CAR technology to redirect T cell specificity toward insulin and redirect T effector cells (Teffs) to Tregs by Foxp3 transduction. Our data demonstrate that our converted, insulin-specific CAR Tregs (cTregs) were functional stable, suppressive and long-lived in vivo. This is a proof of concept for both redirection of T cell specificity and conversion of Teffs to cTregs.


Asunto(s)
Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/terapia , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/métodos , Receptores de Antígenos de Linfocitos T/genética , Receptores Quiméricos de Antígenos/genética , Linfocitos T Citotóxicos/inmunología , Linfocitos T Reguladores/inmunología , Animales , Células Cultivadas , Diabetes Mellitus Tipo 1/inmunología , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Factores de Transcripción Forkhead , Ingeniería Genética , Humanos , Insulina/inmunología , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Endogámicos C57BL , Ratones Endogámicos NOD , Especificidad del Receptor de Antígeno de Linfocitos T , Linfocitos T Reguladores/trasplante
5.
Front Oncol ; 13: 1142111, 2023.
Artículo en Inglés | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36969025

RESUMEN

The MYC oncoprotein functions as a master regulator of cellular transcription and executes non-transcriptional tasks relevant to DNA replication and cell cycle regulation, thereby interacting with multiple proteins. MYC is required for fundamental cellular processes triggering proliferation, growth, differentiation, or apoptosis and also represents a major cancer driver being aberrantly activated in most human tumors. Due to its non-enzymatic biochemical functions and largely unstructured surface, MYC has remained difficult for specific inhibitor compounds to directly address, and consequently, alternative approaches leading to indirect MYC inhibition have evolved. Nowadays, multiple organic compounds, nucleic acids, or peptides specifically interfering with MYC activities are in preclinical or early-stage clinical studies, but none of them have been approved so far for the pharmacological treatment of cancer patients. In addition, specific and efficient delivery technologies to deliver MYC-inhibiting agents into MYC-dependent tumor cells are just beginning to emerge. In this review, an overview of direct and indirect MYC-inhibiting agents and their modes of MYC inhibition is given. Furthermore, we summarize current possibilities to deliver appropriate drugs into cancer cells containing derailed MYC using viral vectors or appropriate nanoparticles. Finding the right formulation to target MYC-dependent cancers and to achieve a high intracellular concentration of compounds blocking or attenuating oncogenic MYC activities could be as important as the development of novel MYC-inhibiting principles.

SELECCIÓN DE REFERENCIAS
DETALLE DE LA BÚSQUEDA