Prevalence and risk factors for anogenital HPV infection and neoplasia among women living with HIV in China.

OBJECTIVES: To explore the prevalence and risk factors of anogenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and neoplasia among women living with HIV (WLHIV) in China. METHODS: A cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2019 to 2020, 409 WLHIV aged 18 years and older were recruited from an HIV treatment clinic in Yunnan, China. Cervical and anal samples were collected for HPV testing of 15 HPV genotypes and cytological interpretation. Women positive for cervical HPV or cytological abnormalities were recalled for colposcopy examination and biopsy when necessary. Prevalence of anogenital HPV infection and neoplasia were compared by logistic regression. RESULTS: HPV prevalence was 34.2% (140/409) for cervical and 34.7% (142/409) for anal (high-risk HPV being 30.6% (125/409) and 30.3% (124/409), respectively). The most frequent genotypes were HPV-52, HPV-16 and HPV-58 in the cervix, HPV-52, HPV-53 and HPV-39 in the anus, with strong correlation between cervical and anal positivity, both overall and at a type-specific level. Cervical HPV was most associated with short duration of combination antiretroviral therapies (cART) (≤2 vs >2 years, adjusted OR (aOR)=2.25, 95% CI: 1.22 to 4.12) and high initial HIV viral load (≥1000 vs <1000 copies/mL, aOR=1.98, 95% CI: 1.10 to 3.58). Anal HPV was most associated with low nadir CD4 count (<200 vs ≥200 cells/µL, aOR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.01 to 3.22) and low current CD4 count (<350 vs ≥500 cells/µL, aOR=2.06, 95% CI: 1.00 to 4.36). CIN2+ prevalence was 4.6% and associated with low nadir CD4 count (aOR=4.63, 95% CI: 1.24 to 17.25). CONCLUSIONS: Cervical and anal HPV were strongly correlated and, together with associated neoplasia, were highly prevalent among WLHIV in China. Early initiation of cART to avoid severe immunodeficiency should decrease anogenital HPV prevalence and related cancer burden among WLHIV. Incorporating anogenital cancer prevention services into HIV/AIDS care is warranted.

CircASAP1 promotes the development of cervical cancer through sponging miR-338-3p to upregulate RPP25.

Circular RNAs have been identified as vital regulators to regulate the development of human cancers, including cervical cancer. Therefore, this study was designed to clarify the underlying mechanism of circASAP1 in cervical cancer. The real-time quantitative PCR assay was applied to quantify the expression levels of circASAP1, microRNA (miR)-338-3p, and ribonuclease P and MRP subunit p25 (RPP25) in cervical cancer tissues and cells. The cell proliferation ability was measured by 3-(4, 5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazol-3-ium bromide and colony-forming assays. The protein expression levels of cyclin D1, proliferating cell nuclear antigen, and RPP25 were assessed by western blot assay. Flow cytometry assays were used to determine the apoptosis and cell cycle distribution of cervical cancer cells. The transwell assay was employed to test the migration and invasion abilities of cervical cancer cells. The interaction relationship between miR-338-3p and circASAP1 or RPP25 was confirmed by dual-luciferase reporter assay and RNA pull-down assay. The xenograft experiment was established to clarify the functional role of circASAP1 inhibition in vivo. CircASAP1 was overexpressed in cervical cancer tissues and cells compared with negative groups. Additionally, the loss-of-functional experiments implied that knockdown of circASAP1 impeded proliferation, migration, and invasion while induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cervical cancer cells along with repressed tumor growth in vivo through regulation of miR-338-3p. In addition, RPP25 was a target mRNA of miR-338-3p, and overexpression of miR-338-3p suppressed proliferation, migration, and invasion while induced apoptosis and cell cycle arrest in cervical cancer cells by suppressing RPP25 expression. Mechanistically, circASAP1 could function as a sponge for miR-338-3p to increase the expression of RPP25, and further regulated proliferation, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and cell cycle program of cervical cancer cells, which might be potential markers for cervical cancer diagnosis.

"Teachers' Emotional Labor" Publications in Web of Science: A Bibliometric Analysis.

One of the indicators that symbolize the success of an academic field is its academic publications in well-established citation indices. This article first explored the bibliometric characteristics of publications on "teachers' emotional labor" (TEL) in the Social Sciences Citation Index (SSCI) and the Arts & Humanities Citation Index (A&HCI), two prestigious citation indices available in the Web of Science (WoS). Search with the term "teacher emotional labor" retrieved 173 publications that included this term in their titles, abstracts, or keywords in the WoS database between 1900 and 2020. The bibliometric characteristics pertaining to numbers of publications, document types, research categories, research areas, authors, journals, universities, and countries were reported. Then, CiteSpace was utilized to visualize TEL research and to obtain insights into its research focuses and its future directions. The findings will contribute to TEL research by informing scholars in the fields of L2 research and psychology and others.

Factors Affecting Fertility Intention Among People Living with HIV in Kunming, China.

Background: Survival and quality of life of people living with HIV (PLWH) have been improving. Understanding fertility intention among PLWH is critical in helping them accomplish their pregnancy goals while significantly lowering the risk of HIV transmission. The purpose of this study was to identify factors based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB) that may explain fertility intention among PLWH. Methods: A survey was conducted in face-to-face interviews based on TPB, and the latent variables were devised and tested for their potential influences on fertility intentions in 487 reproductive-aged PLWH at antiretroviral treatment clinics in Kunming, China. Analysis was mainly based on the structural equation model. Results: About 38.4% of the respondents answered that they were likely to have a/another child in the next three years. Our hypothesized factors could explain 53.7% of the total variance of fertility intention. The 20- to 35-year-old group had a higher fertility intention. Perceived partner expectations toward fertility were the strongest predictors of fertility intention followed by beliefs in the support of the two-child policy. In contrast, the three components of attitudes, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control did not influence fertility intention. Conclusion: In this HIV endemic area of China, fertility intended by PLWH is a matter of the couple that is also influenced by the national population fertility policy.

Performance of cervical cancer screening and triage strategies among women living with HIV in China.

OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the clinical performance of liquid-based cytology (LBC), HPV tests and visual inspections with acetic acid or Lugol's iodine (VIA/VILI) as primary screening and triage strategies among Chinese women living with HIV (WLHIV). METHODS: WLHIV aged 18 years and older were recruited from HIV/AIDS treatment clinic in Yunnan, China from 2019 to 2020. Women were screened with self- and physician-sampling for HPV tests, LBC, and VIA/VILI. Women positive for any HPV or with cytological abnormalities were recalled for colposcopy examination and biopsy when necessary. Clinical performance of primary and triage strategies for detecting cervical intraepithelial neoplasia grade 2 or worse (CIN2+) was evaluated. RESULTS: For primary screening, sensitivity of physician-HPV tests was 100%, 89.5%, and 100% for hybrid capture 2 (HC2), cobas, and Sansure HPV, and specificity was 80.4%, 85.1%, and 72.0%, respectively. Self-HPV test achieved considerable performance with physician-HPV. Sensitivity and specificity were 61.1% and 96.3% for LBC (atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance or worse [ASCUS+]), 40.0% and 77.3% for VIA/VILI. For triaging HPV-positive women, LBC (ASCUS+), HPV-16/18 genotyping, and VIA/VILI-elevated specificity with sensitivity declined 30%-50% compared with HPV screening alone. Restricted HPV genotyping triage (HPV-16/18/31/33/45/52/58) demonstrated the optimal accuracy (89.5% sensitivity, 81.9% specificity), and was similar to HPV-16/18 with reflex LBC (ASCUS+). Combination antiretroviral therapies (cARTs) <2 years were associated with decreased specificity of HC2 (aOR: 1.87, 95% CI: 1.22-3.91) and Sansure HPV (2.48, 1.43-4.29). CONCLUSIONS: Self-HPV with restricted genotyping triage is highly recommended for cervical cancer screening for WLHIV in China. Feasible triage to increase HPV specificity among women with short duration of cART is needed.