Epidemiological survey of adult female stress urinary incontinence.

BACKGROUND: The prevalence of stress urinary incontinence (SUI) in adult female in Taiyuan and what are the related risk factors are not clear. The aim of this study was to provide a basis for exploring the prevention and treatment of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan. METHODS: A voluntary online questionnaire was used to investigate adult female in the community and surrounding townships of Taiyuan. Most of the questionnaires refer to the International Consultation on Incontinence Questionnaire-Female Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms, and adapt to the specific circumstances of the region. Data were analyzed using SPSS software (version 22.0). RESULTS: A total of 4004 eligible questionnaires were obtained. The prevalence of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan was 33.5%. Univariate analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that place of residence, smoking, body mass index, diet, number of deliveries, mode of delivery, dystocia, menopause, oral contraceptives, urinary tract infection, making the bladder empty faster by pushing down and holding urine were risk factors for adult female stress urinary incontinence in Taiyuan. CONCLUSION: The prevalence of SUI in adult female in Taiyuan was high, and based on risk factors identified in this survey, population-level intervention strategies should be developed for the prevention and treatment of adult female SUI in Taiyuan.

Analysis of the factors influencing the survival time of patients with sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma.

The aim of the present study was to identify the factors influencing the survival time of patients with sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma (SRCC). Between January 2000 and September 2017, a total of 21 patients were enrolled, all of whom were diagnosed with SRCC. In total, eight prognostic factors were analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier estimator, a log-rank test and Cox's proportional hazards model. The log-rank test results revealed that there was a significant association between the proportion of sarcoma elements and survival time of patients with SRCC (P<0.05). In addition, there was a significant association between post-operative drug treatment and SRCC survival time (P<0.05). The results of the Kaplan-Meier estimate demonstrated that the survival curve of post-operative drug treatment was significantly greater compared with the survival curve of patients who did not undergo drug treatment (P<0.05). The survival curve of patients with a proportion of sarcoma elements <50% was significantly greater compared with the survival curve of patients with a proportion of sarcoma elements ≥50% (P<0.05). Furthermore, the Cox's proportional hazards model revealed that the mortality risk in post-operative patients without drug treatment was 5.822 times greater compared with that of patients with drug treatment (P<0.05). Mortality risk in patients with a proportion of sarcoma elements ≥50% was 4.682 times higher compared with that of patients with sarcoma elements <50% (P<0.05). Finally, post-operative drug therapy was revealed to be a protective factor which significantly affected the survival time of patients with SRCC [risk ratio (RR)=0.172], in addition to the proportion of sarcoma elements ≥50% (RR=4.682). In conclusion, drug therapy should be promoted upon patient diagnosis with SRCC and attention should be given to the proportion of sarcomatoid components.