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We investigated decays of ^{51,52,53}K at the ISOLDE Decay Station at CERN in order to understand the mechanism of the ß-delayed neutron-emission (ßn) process. The experiment quantified neutron and γ-ray emission paths for each precursor. We used this information to test the hypothesis, first formulated by Bohr in 1939, that neutrons in the ßn process originate from the structureless "compound nucleus." The data are consistent with this postulate for most of the observed decay paths. The agreement, however, is surprising because the compound-nucleus stage should not be achieved in the studied ß decay due to insufficient excitation energy and level densities in the neutron emitter. In the ^{53}K ßn decay, we found a preferential population of the first excited state in ^{52}Ca that contradicted Bohr's hypothesis. The latter was interpreted as evidence for direct neutron emission sensitive to the structure of the neutron-unbound state. We propose that the observed nonstatistical neutron emission proceeds through the coupling with nearby doorway states that have large neutron-emission probabilities. The appearance of "compound-nucleus" decay is caused by the aggregated small contributions of multiple doorway states at higher excitation energy.
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The first complete measurement of the ß-decay strength distribution of _{17}^{45}Cl_{28} was performed at the Facility for Rare Isotope Beams (FRIB) with the FRIB Decay Station Initiator during the second FRIB experiment. The measurement involved the detection of neutrons and γ rays in two focal planes of the FRIB Decay Station Initiator in a single experiment for the first time. This enabled an analytical consistency in extracting the ß-decay strength distribution over the large range of excitation energies, including neutron unbound states. We observe a rapid increase in the ß-decay strength distribution above the neutron separation energy in _{18}^{45}Ar_{27}. This was interpreted to be caused by the transitioning of neutrons into protons excited across the Z=20 shell gap. The SDPF-MU interaction with reduced shell gap best reproduced the data. The measurement demonstrates a new approach that is sensitive to the proton shell gap in neutron rich nuclei according to SDPF-MU calculations.
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Objective: To evaluate the effect of autologous hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (ASCT) on the treatment of relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) with chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) therapy. Methods: A retrospective cohort study. The clinical data of 168 patients with RRMM who underwent CAR-T therapy at the Department of Hematology, Xuzhou Medical University Hospital from 3 January 2020 to 13 September 2022 were analyzed. Patients were classified into a transplantation group (TG; n=47) and non-transplantation group (NTG; n=121) based on whether or not they had undergone ASCT previously. The objective response rate (ORR), progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS) and the levels of CD3, CD4, CD8, CD19, CD56 and natural killer (NK) cells before CAR-T infusion were analyzed by χ2 test, Kaplan-Meier method and independent sample t-test. Results: Among 168 patients with RRMM, 98 (58.3%) were male. The median age of onset was 57 (range 30-70) years. After CAR-T therapy, the ORR of patients was 89.3% (92/103) in the NTG and 72.9% (27/73) in the TG. The ORR of the NTG was better than that of the TG (χ2=5.71, P=0.017). After 1 year of CAR-T therapy, the ORR of the NTG was 78.1% (75/96), and that of the TG was 59.4% (19/32). The ORR of the NTG was better than that of the TG (χ2=4.32, P=0.038). The median OS and PFS in the NTG were significantly longer than those in the TG (OS, 30 vs. 20 months; PFS, 26 vs. 12 months; both P<0.05). The CD4 level before CAR-T infusion in the TG was significantly lower than that in the NTG (25.65±13.56 vs. 32.64±17.21; t=-2.15, P=0.034), and there were no significant differences in the counts of CD3, CD8, CD19, CD56, and NK cells between the TG and NTG (all P>0.05). Conclusion: Among patients suffering from RRMM who received CAR-T therapy, patients who did not receive ASCT had significantly better outcomes than those who had received ASCT previously, which may have been related to the CD4 level before receiving CAR-T therapy.
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Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva , Mieloma Múltiple , Trasplante Autólogo , Humanos , Mieloma Múltiple/terapia , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas/métodos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Femenino , Inmunoterapia Adoptiva/métodos , Anciano , Adulto , Resultado del Tratamiento , Receptores Quiméricos de AntígenosRESUMEN
Objective: To analyze the hepatic tissue inflammatory activity and influencing factors in HBeAg-positive patients during normal alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and indeterminate phases so as to provide a basis for evaluating the disease condition. Methods: Patients with HBeAg-positive with normal ALT and HBV DNA levels below 2 × 10(7) IU/ml from January 2017 to December 2021 were selected as the study subjects. A histopathologic liver test was performed on these patients. Age, gender, time of HBV infection, liver function, HBsAg level, HBV DNA load, genotype, portal vein inner diameter, splenic vein inner diameter, splenic thickness, and others of the patients were collected. Significant influencing factors of inflammation were analyzed in patients using logistic regression analysis, and its effectiveness was evaluated using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves. Results: Of the 178 cases, there were 0 cases of inflammation in G0, 52 cases in G1, 101 cases in G2, 24 cases in G3, and one case in G4. 126 cases (70.8%) had inflammatory activity ≥ G2. Infection time (Z=-7.138, P<0.001), γ-glutamyltransferase (tâ =-2.940, P=0.004), aspartate aminotransferase (tâ =-2.749, P=0.007), ALT (tâ =-2.153, P=0.033), HBV DNA level (tâ =-4.771, P=0.010) and portal vein inner diameter (tâ =-4.771, P<0.001) between the ≥G2 group and < G2 group were statistically significantly different. A logistic regression analysis showed that significant inflammation in liver tissue was independently correlated with infection time [odds ratio (OR)=1.437, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.267-1.630; P<0.001)] and portal vein inner diameter (OR=2.738, 95% CI: 1.641, 4.570; P<0.001). The area under the curve (AUROC), specificity, and sensitivity for infection time and portal vein inner diameter were 0.84, 0.71, 0.87, 0.72, 0.40, and 0.95, respectively. Conclusion: A considerable proportion of HBeAg-positive patients have inflammation grade ≥G2 during normal ALT and indeterminate phases, pointing to the need for antiviral therapy. Additionally, inflammatory activity has a close association with the time of infection and portal vein inner diameter.
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Alanina Transaminasa , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B , Virus de la Hepatitis B , Hígado , Humanos , Hígado/patología , Alanina Transaminasa/sangre , Antígenos e de la Hepatitis B/sangre , Inflamación , ADN Viral , Masculino , Hepatitis B Crónica/patología , Femenino , Modelos Logísticos , Curva ROC , Vena Porta , Hepatitis B , gamma-Glutamiltransferasa/sangre , AdultoRESUMEN
The ß decays from both the ground state and a long-lived isomer of ^{133}In were studied at the ISOLDE Decay Station (IDS). With a hybrid detection system sensitive to ß, γ, and neutron spectroscopy, the comparative partial half-lives (logft) have been measured for all their dominant ß-decay channels for the first time, including a low-energy Gamow-Teller transition and several first-forbidden (FF) transitions. Uniquely for such a heavy neutron-rich nucleus, their ß decays selectively populate only a few isolated neutron unbound states in ^{133}Sn. Precise energy and branching-ratio measurements of those resonances allow us to benchmark ß-decay theories at an unprecedented level in this region of the nuclear chart. The results show good agreement with the newly developed large-scale shell model (LSSM) calculations. The experimental findings establish an archetype for the ß decay of neutron-rich nuclei southeast of ^{132}Sn and will serve as a guide for future theoretical development aiming to describe accurately the key ß decays in the rapid-neutron capture (r-) process.
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The incidence rate of liver cancer has been rising in recent years. Traditional cell line culture and human patient-derived tumor xenograft models, which are commonly used tools to simulate the occurrence of human liver cancer, have deepened the understanding of tumor occurrence, development, and drug resistance mechanisms. However, they cannot reflect the accurate state of cancer cells, the tumor microenvironment, or spatial structural characteristics. Recently, more in vitro-produced physiological liver organoids have been applied in the study of liver cancer. Liver organoid models have made breakthroughs in the occurrence and development mechanisms of liver cancer, personalized drug screening and biomarker identification, immunotherapy, and regenerative medicine applications. This paper mainly summarizes the progress and application of liver organoids processed in the study of liver cancer.
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Neoplasias Hepáticas , Humanos , Animales , Técnicas de Cultivo de Célula , Línea Celular , Modelos Animales de Enfermedad , Organoides , Microambiente TumoralRESUMEN
Collinear laser spectroscopy is performed on the nickel isotopes ^{58-68,70}Ni, using a time-resolved photon counting system. From the measured isotope shifts, nuclear charge radii R_{c} are extracted and compared to theoretical results. Three ab initio approaches all employ, among others, the chiral interaction NNLO_{sat}, which allows an assessment of their accuracy. We find agreement with experiment in differential radii δ⟨r_{c}^{2}⟩ for all employed ab initio methods and interactions, while the absolute radii are consistent with data only for NNLO_{sat}. Within nuclear density functional theory, the Skyrme functional SV-min matches experiment more closely than the Fayans functional Fy(Δr,HFB).
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Objective: To explore the effect of fine particulate matter (PM2.5) pollution on depression hospitalization cost and length of stay in 57 cities of China. Methods: A total of 84 207 patients with depression in 57 cities of China from January 2013 to December 2017 were selected as the subjects. The demographic characteristics and hospitalization status of the patients were obtained from the database of basic medical insurance for urban workers and urban residents in China. The environmental exposure data of the same period were obtained from the national air quality real-time release platform of China Environmental Monitoring Station. A generalized additive model based on quasi-Poisson distribution was used to analyze PM2.5 exposure effect in each city, and the nonlinear mixing of moving average temperature, relative humidity and date was controlled by natural smooth spline function. Results: Among the included cities, southern cities accounted for 50.88% (29), and the number of female inpatients, hospitalization costs and hospitalization days accounted for 62.65%, 63.50% and 60.85% (42 735 cases, 567.78 million yuan and 1.14 million days, respectively). The proportion of hospitalized cases, hospitalization cost and length of stay in the age group of 40 to 64 years old were 59.15% (40 346 cases), 53.92% (482.15 million yuan) and 52.07% (0.98 million days), respectively. PM2.5 level was positively correlated with the number of hospitalized cases with depression, hospitalization cost and length of stay. When the 3-day moving average of PM2.5 exposure level increased by 10 µg/m3, the number of hospitalization cases increased by 0.64%. The attributed percentage (95%CI) of hospitalized cases, hospitalization costs and length of stay were 3.35% (0.57%-6.04%), 3.04% (0.52%-5.48%) and 3.07% (0.49%-5.56%), respectively. Subgroup analysis showed that the attributed percentage of hospitalization cases, hospitalization cost and length of stay to PM2.5 exposure ranged from 3.97% to 4.68%, 4.04% to 4.33% and 4.13% to 4.30% in northern China, male and cold season, respectively. Conclusion: PM2.5 exposure is associated with the increase of hospitalization cost and length of stay among Chinese urban population with depression.
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Contaminantes Atmosféricos , Contaminación del Aire , Adulto , Contaminantes Atmosféricos/análisis , Contaminación del Aire/análisis , China/epidemiología , Depresión , Polvo/análisis , Femenino , Hospitalización , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Material Particulado/análisisRESUMEN
Polypoidal Choroidal Vasculopathy (PCV) is now categorized as a subtype of neovascular Age-related Macular Degeneration (nAMD), though the ocular manifestation and prognosis of PCV patients are quite distinct from nAMD. Due to its high prevalence in Asian population, retina specialists have implemented multiple randomized control trials (RCT) in recent years, aiming at providing grade 1 clinical evidence for current therapies and exploring efficient and affordable regimens for long-term management of PCV. Here we summarised current problems existed in available RCTs and prognostic biomarkers, and presented our thoughts based on previous clinical experiences which may be helpful for clinical management of PCV.
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Neovascularización Coroidal , Pueblo Asiatico , Coroides/irrigación sanguínea , Angiografía con Fluoresceína , HumanosRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the impact of composite clinical worsening (cCW) events and its components on the prognosis of patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension associated with congenital heart disease (CHD-PAH). Methods: This is a retrospective study. Patients who were diagnosed with CHD-PAH in Beijing Anzhen Hospital between January 2007 and July 2018, were included, and their baseline clinical data including demographic, clinical manifestations and New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification were collected retrospectively. All-cause deaths and clinical worsening events were recorded, which included syncope, PAH related hospitalization, NYHA classification deterioration and ≥ 2 PAH related clinical symptoms (dyspnea, hemoptysis, edema, chest pain, palpitations, cyanosis) appearance/progress. Three kinds of cCW events were defined: cCW1 (included PAH related hospitalization, NYHA classification deterioration), cCW2 (increased syncope on the basis of cCW1) and cCW3 (increased ≥ 2 PAH related clinical symptoms appearance/progress on the basis of cCW2). The Kaplan-Meier survival curve was used to analyze the long-term survival of the included patients. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression models were used to evaluate the impact of cCW events and their components on the risk of all-cause mortality. Results: A total of 525 patients with CHD-PAH were included in this study. The median age at diagnosis was 20.7 (11.2, 30.3) years. There were 43.8% children (<18 years), and 68.8% female patients. There were 431 patients (82.1%) with NYHA classification II. A total of 180 patients had PAH symptoms at diagnosis. The median follow-up time was 4.5 (2.6, 6.7) years. Forty-seven patients (9.0%) died during the follow-up period. Survival rates at 1, 5 and 10 years after diagnosis of PAH were 98.0%, 89.9% and 84.4%, respectively. Cox multivariate analysis showed that NYHA classification deterioration (HR=3.901, 95%CI 1.863-8.169, P<0.001), ≥2 PAH symptoms appearance/progress (HR=4.458, 95%CI 1.870-10.625, P<0.001), PAH-related hospitalization (HR=4.058, 95%CI 1.851-8.896, P<0.001) and syncope (HR=11.313, 95%CI 4.860-26.332, P<0.001) were independent predictors of increased risk of death. All 3 kinds of cCW events were significantly associated with the significantly increased risk of death, and cCW2 was highly predictive to increased risk of death (HR=15.476, 95%CI 4.346-37.576, P<0.001). Conclusions: The overall long-term prognosis of CHD-PAH patients in this study is relatively good. cCW events and its components (NYHA classification deterioration, ≥2 PAH symptoms occurrence/worsening, PAH-related hospitalization and syncope) have adverse influence on all-cause death in this patient cohort.
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Cardiopatías Congénitas , Hipertensión Pulmonar , Hipertensión Arterial Pulmonar , Niño , Hipertensión Pulmonar Primaria Familiar/complicaciones , Femenino , Cardiopatías Congénitas/complicaciones , Humanos , Hipertensión Pulmonar/complicaciones , Masculino , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the dynamic change of the secundum atrial septal defect (ASD) throughout the cardiac cycle, and assess its impact on occluder selection. Methods: This study retrospectively analyzed 35 patients with ASD who received electrocardiogram-gated coronary CT angiography (CCTA) throughout the cardiac cycle as well as interventional closure therapy in Fuwai Hospital from December 2016 to December 2019. The raw data were reconstructed into 20 phasic images of RR intervals (RRI) ranging from 0 to 95% in an increment of 5% and transmitted to a workstation for postprocessing. For each phase image, CT virtual endoscopy reconstruction technique (CTVE) was used to provide views of ASD. Axial sequence assisted CT volumetric measurement (CTAS) was used to calculate the maximum dimensions in axial planes (Da) and in superior-inferior direction (Db). Using a formula for converting circumference to diameter, the equivalent circle dimensions were calculated (De, De=minor axis+2 (major axis-minor axis)/3). Taking the data of 75% RRI phase, the patients were divided into Da75%RRI≥Db75%RRI group and Da75%RRI
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Defectos del Tabique Interatrial , Dispositivo Oclusor Septal , Adulto , Técnicas de Imagen Sincronizada Cardíacas , Angiografía por Tomografía Computarizada , Angiografía Coronaria , Electrocardiografía/métodos , Femenino , Defectos del Tabique Interatrial/diagnóstico por imagen , Defectos del Tabique Interatrial/cirugía , Humanos , Imagenología Tridimensional , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
AIM: To investigate the value of motion-corrected (MOCO) phase-sensitive inversion recovery (PSIR) late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) compared with single-shot balanced steady-state gradient echo ("TrueFISP", Siemens) PSIR in free breathing paediatric patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, 238 paediatric patients underwent clinical contrast-enhanced cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMRI). Both the single-shot TrueFISP PSIR and MOCO PSIR sequences were performed on each child. The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR) were calculated. Two radiologists rated the quality of the images on a scale of 1-5 (1 = poor, 5 = very good). Bland-Altman, linear regression, and intraclass correlation coefficient were used to compared the extent of LGE of the single-shot TrueFISP PSIR and MOCO PSIR. Imaging artefacts were described and compared. RESULTS: Children ranged in age from 60 days to 17 years with an average age of 8.1 ± 3.8 years. MOCO PSIR had higher SNR and CNR than the single-shot TrueFISP PSIR (p<0.001). Mean quality ratings for short-axis imaging were 4 (interquartile range, 3-4) for single-shot TrueFISP PSIR and 4 (interquartile range, 4-5) for MOCO PSIR (p<0.001). The scan time was faster for single-shot TrueFISP PSIR than for MOCO PSIR. The myocardial LGE results were similar with high agreement between the single-shot TrueFISP PSIR and MOCO PSIR (ICC = 0.955-0.986). CONCLUSION: The MOCO PSIR sequence is feasible in children. MOCO PSIR is robust at high heart rates and can be performed without breath-holding with higher image-quality ratings than the single-shot TrueFISP PSIR.
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Medios de Contraste , Gadolinio , Cardiopatías/diagnóstico por imagen , Aumento de la Imagen/métodos , Interpretación de Imagen Asistida por Computador/métodos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética/métodos , Adolescente , Niño , Preescolar , Femenino , Corazón/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Lactante , Masculino , Respiración , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
Objectives: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of LuX-Valve on the treatment of severe tricuspid regurgitation (TR). Methods: This is a prospective observational study. From September 2018 to March 2019, 12 patients with severe TR, who were not suitable for surgery, received LuX-Valve implantation in Changhai Hospital. LuX-Valve was implanted under general anesthesia and the guidance of transesophageal echocardiography and X-ray fluoroscopy. Access to the tricuspid valve was achieved via a minimally invasive thoracotomy and transatrial approach. Main endpoints were surgery success and device success. Surgery success was defined as successful implanting the device and withdrawing the delivery system, positioning the valve correctly and stably without severe or life-threatening adverse events. Device success was defined as satisfied valve function (TR severity reduction ≥ 2 grades, tricuspid gradient ≤ 6 mmHg (1 mmHg=0.133 kPa)), absence of malposition, valve failure and reintervention, major adverse events including device related mortality, embolization, conduction system disturbances and new onset shunt across ventricular septum at day 30 post implantation. Results: A total of 12 patients with severe to torrential TR were included in this study. The age was (68.5±6.9) years and 7 were female. All patients had typical right heart failure symptoms. Procedural success was achieved in all cases, there was no intraprocedural mortality or transfer to open surgery. TR significantly improved after LuX-Valve implantation (none/trivial in 8 patients, mild in 3 patients and moderate in 1 patient). The average device time was (9.2±4.2) minutes. Intensive care unit duration was 3.0 (2.0, 4.8) days. One patient died at postoperative day 18 due to non-surgery and device reasons. Transthoracic echocardiography at 30 days after operation showed that TR was significantly reduced (none/trivial in 8 patients, mild in 2 patients and moderate in 1 patient) and device success was achieved in 11 cases. All survived patients experienced a significant improvement in life quality with significantly improvement in New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification (â and â ¡: 6/11 post operation vs. 0/11 before operation, P=0.012) and there were no device related complications in this patient cohort. Conclusions: LuX-Valve implantation is feasible, safe and effective for the treatment of patients with severe TR.
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Implantación de Prótesis de Válvulas Cardíacas , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide , Anciano , Cateterismo Cardíaco , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Índice de Severidad de la Enfermedad , Factores de Tiempo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Válvula Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagen , Válvula Tricúspide/cirugía , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/diagnóstico por imagen , Insuficiencia de la Válvula Tricúspide/cirugíaRESUMEN
We present the first laser spectroscopic measurement of the neutron-rich nucleus ^{68}Ni at the N=40 subshell closure and extract its nuclear charge radius. Since this is the only short-lived isotope for which the dipole polarizability α_{D} has been measured, the combination of these observables provides a benchmark for nuclear structure theory. We compare them to novel coupled-cluster calculations based on different chiral two- and three-nucleon interactions, for which a strong correlation between the charge radius and dipole polarizability is observed, similar to the stable nucleus ^{48}Ca. Three-particle-three-hole correlations in coupled-cluster theory substantially improve the description of the experimental data, which allows to constrain the neutron radius and neutron skin of ^{68}Ni.
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Objective: To investigate the effects of osimertinib on proliferation, migration and invasion of procollagen-lysine 2-oxoglutarate 5-dioxygenase 2 (PLOD2) overexpressing HCC827 cells and explore the potential mechanism of PLOD2 induced osimertinib resistance. Methods: We transfected HCC827 cells with LV-vector and LV-over/PLOD2. The expression of PLOD2 was detected by quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and western blotting. The effects of osimertinib on the proliferation of HCC827-vector and HCC827-PLOD2 cells were evaluated by 3-(4, 5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. The effects of osimertinib on the migration and invasion of HCC827-vector and HCC827-PLOD2 cells were determined by Transwell assays. The expressions of E-cadherin and vimentin in cells were detected by immunofluorescence (IF). The expressions of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), FAK-PI3K/AKT and MAPK signal pathway related proteins were detected by western blotting. Results: The MTT assay showed that HCC827-PLOD2 cells were hyposensitive to osimertinib. The 50% inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) and resistance index of osimertinib for HCC827-PLOD2 cells was over 1 000 nmol/L and over 100, respectively. The result of wound healing assay showed that the migration distance of HCC827-PLOD2 was about (2.13±0.21) fold changes as that of HCC827-vector cells. The result of Transwell assay showed that the numbers of HCC827-PLOD2 passing through the matrix membrane were (212.78±10.43), significantly higher than (101.32±12.52) of HCC827-vector cells (P<0.01). The result of IF showed that compared with HCC827-vector cells, the expression of E-cadherin was down-regulated while vimentin was up-regulated in HCC827-PLOD2 cells. Osimertinb downregulated E-cadherin and upregulated vimentin expression in HCC827-vector cells but had limited effect in HCC827-PLOD2 cells. The result of western blotting showed that PLOD2 significantly increased vimentin expression level while decreased E-cadherin expression level. Osimertinib inhibited the expression of p-EGFR, but did not affect the expressions of PLOD2, p-FAK, p-AKT, p-ERK, vimentin and E-cadherin in HCC827-PLOD2 cells. Conclusion: PLOD2 confers resistance to osimertinib in HCC827 cells by regulating EMT, FAK-PI3K/AKT and MAPK signal pathways.
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Acrilamidas/farmacología , Compuestos de Anilina/farmacología , Carcinoma de Pulmón de Células no Pequeñas/tratamiento farmacológico , Regulación Neoplásica de la Expresión Génica , Neoplasias Pulmonares/tratamiento farmacológico , Procolágeno-Lisina 2-Oxoglutarato 5-Dioxigenasa/metabolismo , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Línea Celular Tumoral , Movimiento Celular , Proliferación Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Proliferación Celular/genética , Transición Epitelial-Mesenquimal , Humanos , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas , Inhibidores de Proteínas QuinasasRESUMEN
Objective: To explore the risk factors for death in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension related to congenital heart disease (PAH-CHD) and the clinical characteristics of different subtypes in patients with PAH-CHD. Methods: It was a retrospective study. A total of 507 PAH-CHD patients, who were hospitalized in the Department of Pediatric Cardiology of Beijing Anzhen Hospital between September 2005 and May 2019, were included. Patients were divided into 4 subgroups: (1) Eisenmenger syndrome(ES) group. (2) PAH associated with prevalent systemic-to-pulmonary shunts(SP) group. (3) PAH associated with small defects(SD) group. (4) PAH after defect correction(CD) group. According to the complexity of cardiac malformation, patients were divided into simple-medium complex malformation group and complex malformation group. According to the location of shunts, patients were divided into pre-tricuspid group, post-tricuspid group, and mixed group or complex deformity group. Baseline clinical data of patients were collected from the electronic medical record system. Demographic data (age, gender, etc.), percutaneous oxygen saturation(SPO(2)), New York Heart Association(NYHA) cardiac function classification, 6 minutes walking distance(6MWD), and B type natriuretic peptide(BNP), systolic pulmonary arterial pressure(sPAP) estimated by echocardiography and mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP), mean right atrial pressure(mRAP), cardiac index(CI), and calculated pulmonary vascular resistance (PVR) estimated by right heart catheterization were compared among various groups. The results of regular follow-up of all enrolled patients were collected, including the status of monotherapy or combination of PAH-targeted drugs during the follow-up period, cardiac-related adverse events(hemopysis, syncope, edema, arrhythmia, etc.) and primary endpoint event(all-cause death) were obtained and analyzed. Risk factors for all-cause death were analyzed using univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis model. Results: The median age at diagnosis was 23.1(13.9,32.1) years, 345 cases(68.0%) were female. Two hunderds and thirty-five cases(46.4%) were diagnosed with ES; 193 cases(38.1%) were diagnosed with CD, 47 cases (9.3%) were diagnosed with SD. Among them, 32 cases(6.3%) were in the SP group. All 507 patients underwent echocardiography examination, there were significant differences in sPAP among different clinical subgroups(P<0.001). A total of 289 patients(57.0%) received right heart catheterization examination, the results showed that the ES group had the highest mPAP and PVR and the lowest mRAP(all P<0.001), the CD group had the highest mRAP and CI(both P<0.001). The 6MWD in the ES group was significantly shorter than that in the SP, SD, and CD groups(all P<0.001). The proportion of patients with NYHA class â ¢/â £ was higher in SD group than in SP group(P<0.001), which was similar between SD, ES and CD groups (P values were 0.077 and 0.072, respectively). At admission, the proportion of patients with NYHA class â /â ¡was the highest in SP group(96.9% (31/32) ), followed by CD group (85.5%(165/193)) and the ES group(85.1%(200/235)), and the SD group(75.0%(35/47)). The BNP level at admission was also higher in SD group than in SP, ES and CD groups(P<0.001). Of the 507 patients, 379(74.8%) patients received PAH-targeted drug therapy at the last follow-up, and the treatment plan was mainly monotherapy(75.7%(287/379)). The median follow-up time was 3.6(2.0, 5.6) years and 37(7.3%) patients died, including 13 in the CD group, 17 in the ES group, and 7 in the SD group. No deaths occurred in the SP group. Right heart failure was the most common cause of death(11(29.7%)), followed by severe hemoptysis dyspnea(7(18.9%)), sudden cardiac death(6(16.2%)), and pulmonary hypertensive crisis(4(10.8%)). Kaplan-Meier curve showed that survival rates of end-point-free events at 1, 3, 5 and 10 years after diagnosis of PAH were 98.0%, 95.4%, 89.9%, and 84.4%, respectively; there were statistically significant differences in survival among the subgroups(P=0.026); there was no significant difference in the survival rate between the ES group and the CD group(P=0.918), and both were higher than the SD group(P values were 0.011 and 0.013, respectively). Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that NYHA class â ¢/â £ and BNP>100 ng/L at admission were the risk factors for all-cause death in patients with PAH-CHD(HR=6.452, 95%CI 3.378-12.346, P<0.001, and HR=2.481, 95%CI 1.225-5.025, P=0.012). Multivariate Cox regression analysis showed that NYHA class â ¢/â £ was an independent risk factor for all-cause death in patients with PAH-CHD(HR=4.998, 95%CI 1.246-20.055, P=0.023). Conclusions: PAH-CHD patients with different clinical subtypes have different clinical symptoms, cardiac functional class, hemodynamic characteristics, and mid to long-term survival rates. SP patients have the best prognosis, outcome of ES and CD patients is similar, and SD patients have the worst prognosis. NYHA class â ¢/â £ is an independent risk factor for all-cause death in patients with PAH-CHD.
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Cardiopatías Congénitas , Hipertensión Pulmonar , Hipertensión Arterial Pulmonar , Adolescente , Adulto , Hipertensión Pulmonar Primaria Familiar , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The change in mean-square nuclear charge radii δ⟨r^{2}⟩ along the even-A tin isotopic chain ^{108-134}Sn has been investigated by means of collinear laser spectroscopy at ISOLDE/CERN using the atomic transitions 5p^{2} ^{1}S_{0}â5p6 s^{1}P_{1} and 5p^{2} ^{3}P_{0}â5p6s ^{3}P_{1}. With the determination of the charge radius of ^{134}Sn and corrected values for some of the neutron-rich isotopes, the evolution of the charge radii across the N=82 shell closure is established. A clear kink at the doubly magic ^{132}Sn is revealed, similar to what has been observed at N=82 in other isotopic chains with larger proton numbers, and at the N=126 shell closure in doubly magic ^{208}Pb. While most standard nuclear density functional calculations struggle with a consistent explanation of these discontinuities, we demonstrate that a recently developed Fayans energy density functional provides a coherent description of the kinks at both doubly magic nuclei, ^{132}Sn and ^{208}Pb, without sacrificing the overall performance. A multiple correlation analysis leads to the conclusion that both kinks are related to pairing and surface effects.
RESUMEN
Objective: To examine the results of surgical treatment for endograft infection after thoracic endovascular aortic repair (TEAVR). Methods: Clinical data of 7 patients underwent surgical treatment for endograft infection after TEAVR at Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Changhai Hospital, the Navy Medical University between January 2016 and December 2018 were analyzed retrospectively. There were 6 males and 1 female, aging (51.5±16.7) years (range: 25 to 68 years). The origin of the aortic disease was descending aortic aneurysm in 5 cases, and Stanford B aortic dissection in 2 cases. Abdominal aorta below the level of the diaphragm was not involved in all patients. Two patients received "chimney technology" for left subclavian artery procedures. Time to infection was 5(3) months (M(Q(R))) (range: 1 to 24 months). Aortic endograft infection was diagnosed with a combination of microbiology (positive blood cultures, except one with mycotic), radiological evidence and clinical evidence of sepsis. Two patients suffered from aorto-esophageal fistula received emergency surgery, others were treated with elective surgery. Extra-anatomic prosthetic graft bypass was used for reconstruction of aorta, infected endogarft and aorta was removed, sac drainage was performed. Aorto-esophageal fistula was procedured according to the degree of lesions. All patients received antibiotics with specialist advice for 6 to 8 weeks. Results: One patient died due to septic shock. In the follow-time (range: 6 to 24 months), 1 patient suffered from thoracic infection in 3 months after surgery, an other patient got iliac abscess after a month. Conclusions: Endograft infection after TEAVR is high risk but may be curative. Appropriate selection of patients for infected endograft explantation could get a satisfied results.
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Aorta Torácica/cirugía , Aneurisma de la Aorta Torácica/cirugía , Implantación de Prótesis Vascular/efectos adversos , Prótesis Vascular/efectos adversos , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Procedimientos Endovasculares/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Infecciones Relacionadas con Prótesis/etiología , Estudios Retrospectivos , Stents , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
AIM: To investigate the long-term shunt patency and overall survival of transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) placement using covered stents with or without bare stents over a follow-up period up to 7 years. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 154 patients undergoing TIPS placement were enrolled and analysed retrospectively. They were divided into two groups: those undergoing TIPS placement using covered with bare stents (group A, n=42) and those without bare stents (group B, n=112). RESULTS: The cumulative 5-year primary patency rate was significantly lower in group A than in group B (group A: 0% versus group B: 66.7%; p<0.001). The cumulative 5-year overall survival rates were comparable between the two groups (group A: 76% versus group B: 58.7%; p=0.214). The baseline portal vein thrombosis (hazard ratio [HR]:4.610; 95% confidence interval [CI]:2.691-7.897; p=0.000), portal pressure decrement (HR: 0.911; 95% CI: 0.845-0.982; p=0.015), and group (HR: 0.419; 95% CI: 0.239-0.736; p=0.002) were independent predictors for shunt dysfunction, while hepatocellular carcinoma (HR: 6.615; 95% CI: 2.863-15.283; p=0.000) and ascites (HR: 2.166; 95% CI: 1.298-3.615; p=0.003) were independent predictors for mortality. CONCLUSIONS: Although TIPS placement using covered with bare stents led to lowered long-term shunt patency than using covered stents alone, the overall survival rates were similar.
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Derivación Portosistémica Intrahepática Transyugular , Stents , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Ascitis/etiología , Ascitis/cirugía , Carcinoma Hepatocelular/complicaciones , Femenino , Humanos , Hipertensión Portal/cirugía , Cirrosis Hepática/cirugía , Neoplasias Hepáticas/complicaciones , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Reoperación , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Análisis de Supervivencia , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
Objective: To investigate the effect of triptolide, a specific inhibitor of heat shock protein 70 (HSP70), on apatinib resistance in gastric cancer cells line MKN45. Methods: The apatinib-resistant cells (MKN45/AR) and MKN45 parental cells were treated with apatinib, triptolide and apatinib combined with triptolide, respectively. CCK-8 assay was performed to determine the half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC(50)) of MKN45/AR and MKN45 cells in the presence of different treatment. The mRNA expression of heat shock protein gene (HSPA1A and HSPA1B) was detected by RT-PCR, while the protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was analyzed using Western blot in MKN45/AR and MKN45 cells. Results: The IC(50) values of apatinib-sensitive and apatinib-resistant MKN45 cells were 10.411 µmol/L and 70.527 µmol/L, respectively, showing a significant difference (P<0.05). The mRNA expression of HSPA1A and HSPA1B in MKN45/AR cells was significantly higher than that in MKN45 cells (P<0.001). The protein expression of heat shock protein 70 was significantly decreased after 0.25 µmol/L triptolide treatment in MKN45/AR cells (P<0.01). When heat shock protein 70 was inhibited by triptolide, the IC(50) value of apatinib in MKN45/AR cells was reduced to 11.679 µmol/L, which was significantly lower than cells treated with apatinib alone (P<0.05). Conclusions: The apatinib-resistant MKN45 cells have high levels of heat shock protein 70. Low doses of triptolide can significantly inhibit heat shock protein 70, leading to reverse the resistance phenotype of MKN45/AR cells. Therefore, inhibition of heat shock protein 70 provides a new therapy strategy for patients with apatinib resistance.