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BACKGROUND: Evidence regarding the relationship between preoperative platelet and 30-day postoperative mortality of intracranial tumor patients undergoing craniotomy is still limited. Therefore, the present research was conducted to explore the link of the platelet and 30-day postoperative mortality. METHODS: Electronic medical records of 18,642 adult patients undergoing craniotomy for brain tumors from 2012 to 2015 in the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program, were subject to secondary retrospective analysis. A binary logistic regression model evaluated the independent association between preoperative platelet and 30-day postoperative mortality. A generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting was conducted to explore the exact shape of the curve between them. Additionally, We also conducted sensitivity analyses to test the robustness of the results, and performed subgroup analyses. RESULTS: Eighteen thousand sixty-three patients were included in this study analysis. Of these, 47.49% were male. The mean preoperative platelet value was (244.12 ± 76.77) × 109/L. The 30-day postoperative mortality of included participants was 2.5% (452/18,063). After adjusting covariates, the results showed that preoperative platelet was positively associated with 30-day postoperative mortality (OR = 0.999, 95%CI: 0.997, 1.000). There was also a nonlinear relationship between preoperative platelet and 30-day postoperative mortality, and the inflection point of the platelet was 236. The effect sizes (OR) on the right and left sides of the inflection point were 1.002 (1.000, 1.004) and 0.993 (0.990, 0.995), respectively. And sensitive analysis demonstrated the robustness of the results. Subgroup analysis showed a stronger association between preoperative platelet and 30-day postoperative mortality in non-emergency surgery patients when preoperative platelet value is less than 235 × 109/L. CONCLUSIONS: This research demonstrates a positive and non-linear relationship between preoperative platelet and 30-day postoperative mortality in U.S. adult brain tumor patients undergoing craniotomy. Preoperative platelet is strongly related to 30-day postoperative mortality when the platelet is less than 235 × 109/L. Proper preoperative management of platelet and maintenance of platelet near inflection point (235) could reduce risk of 30-day postoperative mortality in these cases.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas , Mejoramiento de la Calidad , Humanos , Adulto , Masculino , Estados Unidos/epidemiología , Femenino , Estudios Retrospectivos , Complicaciones Posoperatorias/epidemiología , Craneotomía , Neoplasias Encefálicas/cirugía , Factores de RiesgoRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: This study was to investigate clinical applicability of diffusion spectrum imaging (DSI) for quantitative detection of visual pathway abnormalities to predict the degree of visual field defects (VFD) in patients with pituitary adenomas. METHODS: Sixty-five patients with pituitary adenomas and 33 healthy controls underwent conventional MRI and DSI scanning that allowed high-angular-resolution fiber tracking. Optic chiasmal compression and VFD were confirmed in all patients via radiological and neuro-ophthalmological examinations. Quantitative assessments of chiasmal lift, VFD, and DSI parameters from the optic nerve, optic tract, and optic radiation were performed. Group comparisons and correlation analyses were conducted in patients and controls. Using the 5-fold cross-validation method, the support vector machine classifiers were constructed to predict the degree of visual defects. RESULTS: The mean values of quantitative anisotropy and generalized fractional anisotropy in optic nerve and optic tract showed significant differences between patients and controls (p < 0.05). These parameters were also significantly correlated with the chiasmal lift distance and degree of visual defects (p < 0.05). All patients were divided into mild (n = 42) and severe (n = 23) VFD groups, using the mean deviation value of -8 dB as the threshold. The classifiers achieved an accuracy of 0.83, sensitivity of 0.78, and specificity of 0.86 to discriminate patients with mild and severe visual defects. CONCLUSIONS: Using high-angular-resolution fiber tracking, DSI may provide quantitative information to detect visual pathway abnormalities and be a potential diagnostic tool for determining the degree of visual field defects in pituitary adenomas. KEY POINTS: ⢠Abnormal QA and GFA values of optic nerve and optic tract in adenoma patients ⢠Close relationship between DSI parameters and VFD degree in adenoma patients ⢠The classifiers achieved an accuracy of 0.83, sensitivity of 0.78, and specificity of 0.86 to discriminate patients with mild and severe VFD.
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Adenoma , Neoplasias Hipofisarias , Adenoma/complicaciones , Adenoma/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/complicaciones , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/diagnóstico por imagen , Pruebas del Campo Visual , Campos Visuales , Vías Visuales/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most frequent, lethal, and aggressive tumor of the central nervous system in adults. In this study, we found for the first time that moschamindole (MCD), a rare phenolic amide with 8/6/6/5/5 rings, is a major bioactive constituent derived from Phragmites communis Trin (Poaceae) that exhibits a potential cytotoxic effect on both TMZ-resistant GBM cell lines and xenograft models. MCD-induced intrinsic apoptosis signals and mitochondrial dysfunction were confirmed by cell cycle arrest, caspase-3/7 activation, and membrane potential depolarization. Furthermore, investigations exploring the mechanism showed that MCD specifically inhibits Mia40-mediated oxidative folding of mitochondrial intermembrane space (IMS) proteins via PCR assay and immunoblot analysis. MCD relies on its positive charge to associate with mitochondrial oxidative respiration, thus blocking energy metabolism and inducing apoptosis. Overexpression and upregulation of Mia40 were proven to reverse MCD-induced apoptosis and were correlated with the chemoresistance of GBM in vitro and in vivo, respectively. Taken together, our study demonstrates that Mia40 is a potential target of the chemoresistance of glioblastoma and suggests that MCD might be a potential agent for the individualized treatment of chemoresistant GBM based on mitochondrial metabolic characteristics and Mia40 expression.
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Apoptosis/efectos de los fármacos , Glioblastoma/tratamiento farmacológico , Mitocondrias/metabolismo , Animales , Glioblastoma/patología , Humanos , Masculino , Ratones , Ratones Endogámicos BALB C , Ratones Desnudos , Proteínas de Transporte de Membrana Mitocondrial/metabolismo , Proteínas del Complejo de Importación de Proteínas Precursoras Mitocondriales , Oxidación-Reducción , Estrés Oxidativo/efectos de los fármacos , Ensayos Antitumor por Modelo de XenoinjertoRESUMEN
BACKGROUND: Primary facial spasm accompanied by arrhythmia is a rare clinical phenomenon and has not been reported before. We describe this phenomenon and discuss its mechanism and treatment. CASE PRESENTATION: We herein present a rare case of a patient with left primary facial spasm and a third-degree atrioventricular block (III degree AVB), who was implanted with a temporary cardiac pacemaker to receive microvascular decompression (MVD) because of refusal of a permanent cardiac pacemaker. The symptoms of facial spasm disappeared after MVD. The temporary cardiac pacemaker was removed on the second day after surgery. Her ECG still showed the third-degree atrioventricular block after a follow-up period of 5 months. CONCLUSIONS: We are the first to report a patient with facial spasm and arrhythmia who was implanted with a temporary cardiac pacemaker to receive MVD. This case report demonstrated that the concomitant presence of a III degree AVB maybe not a contraindication for MVD, and the etiology of this facial spasm was the actual vascular compression of the facial nerve entry zone that was not related to the atrioventricular block.
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Arritmias Cardíacas , Espasmo Hemifacial , Cirugía para Descompresión Microvascular , Marcapaso Artificial , Femenino , Espasmo Hemifacial/etiología , Espasmo Hemifacial/cirugía , Humanos , Persona de Mediana Edad , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
The authors presented our institutional experience with skull base reconstruction techniques and developed a stratified algorithm for different causes of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leak. This is a retrospective review of patients who were diagnosed as CSF leak treated with skull base reconstruction or who underwent endoscopic transsphenoidal surgery for sellar and parasellar lesions at our department from August 2012 to April 2017. The authors totally identified 57 (59 operations in total) patients who were divided into 3 groups according to the causes of CSF leak and different reconstruction techniques. All patients underwent skull base reconstruction with specific focus on diagnosis, reconstruction techniques and strategies, and clinical outcome. The reconstruction technique we adopted was the classical multiple-layer technique, as known as "sandwich" technique, with combination of fat tissue, septal bone, autologous fascia lata, artificial dura, and nasoseptal flap (NSF). The NSF was selectively harvested for large defects according to our protocol. The reconstruction failure rate is 4.4% (2 of 45) in patients underwent endoscopic surgery for sellar and parasellar lesions. Reconstruction for postoperative iatrogenic, traumatic, and spontaneous CSF leak achieved 100% success rate; 54.2% (32 of 59) operations were done with "sandwich" plus NSF. The overall failure rate of all reconstructions was 3.4% (2 of 59). A stratified approach with multiple-layer technique and NSF is reliable for skull base reconstruction.
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Algoritmos , Pérdida de Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/cirugía , Neoplasias Hipofisarias/cirugía , Procedimientos de Cirugía Plástica/métodos , Base del Cráneo/cirugía , Adulto , Anciano , Pérdida de Líquido Cefalorraquídeo/etiología , Endoscopía/métodos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Tabique Nasal/trasplante , Nariz , Estudios Retrospectivos , Colgajos Quirúrgicos , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
The identification of patients with craniotomy at high risk for postoperative 30-day mortality may contribute to achieving targeted delivery of interventions. The present study aimed to develop a personalized nomogram and scoring system for predicting the risk of postoperative 30-day mortality in such patients. In this retrospective cross-sectional study, 18,642 patients with craniotomy were stratified into a training cohort (n=7,800; year of surgery, 2012-2013) and an external validation cohort (n=10,842; year of surgery, 2014-2015). The least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) model was used to select the most important variables among the candidate variables. Furthermore, a stepwise logistic regression model was established to screen out the risk factors based on the predictors chosen by the LASSO model. The model and a nomogram were constructed. The area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve (AUC) and calibration plot analysis were used to assess the model's discrimination ability and accuracy. The associated risk factors were categorized according to clinical cutoff points to create a scoring model for postoperative 30-day mortality. The total score was divided into four risk categories: Extremely high, high, intermediate and low risk. The postoperative 30-day mortality rates were 2.43 and 2.58% in the training and validation cohort, respectively. A simple nomogram and scoring system were developed for predicting the risk of postoperative 30-day mortality according to the white blood cell count; hematocrit and blood urea nitrogen levels; age range; functional health status; and incidence of disseminated cancer cells. The ROC AUC of the nomogram was 0.795 (95% CI: 0.764 to 0.826) in the training cohort and it was 0.738 (95% CI: 0.7091 to 0.7674) in the validation cohort. The calibration demonstrated a perfect fit between the predicted 30-day mortality risk and the observed 30-day mortality risk. Low, intermediate, high and extremely high risk statuses for 30-day mortality were associated with total scores of (-1.5 to -1), (-0.5 to 0.5), (1 to 2) and (2.5 to 9), respectively. A personalized nomogram and scoring system for predicting postoperative 30-day mortality in adult patients who underwent craniotomy were developed and validated, and individuals at high risk of 30-day mortality were able to be identified.
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BACKGROUND: Rickettsia and related diseases have been identified as significant global public health threats. This study involved comprehensive field and systematic investigations of various rickettsial organisms in Yunnan Province. METHODS: Between May 18, 2011 and November 23, 2020, field investigations were conducted across 42 counties in Yunnan Province, China, encompassing small mammals, livestock, and ticks. Preliminary screenings for Rickettsiales involved amplifying the 16S rRNA genes, along with additional genus- or species-specific genes, which were subsequently confirmed through sequencing results. Sequence comparisons were carried out using the Basic Local Alignment Search Tool (BLAST). Phylogenetic relationships were analyzed using the default parameters in the Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis (MEGA) program. The chi-squared test was used to assess the diversities and component ratios of rickettsial agents across various parameters. RESULTS: A total of 7964 samples were collected from small mammals, livestock, and ticks through Yunnan Province and submitted for screening for rickettsial organisms. Sixteen rickettsial species from the genera Rickettsia, Anaplasma, Ehrlichia, Neoehrlichia, and Wolbachia were detected, with an overall prevalence of 14.72%. Among these, 11 species were identified as pathogens or potential pathogens to humans and livestock. Specifically, 10 rickettsial organisms were widely found in 42.11% (24 out of 57) of small mammal species. High prevalence was observed in Dremomys samples at 5.60%, in samples from regions with latitudes above 4000 m or alpine meadows, and in those obtained from Yuanmou County. Anaplasma phagocytophilum and Candidatus Neoehrlichia mikurensis were broadly infecting multiple genera of animal hosts. In contrast, the small mammal genera Neodon, Dremomys, Ochotona, Anourosorex, and Mus were carrying individually specific rickettsial agents, indicating host tropism. There were 13 rickettsial species detected in 57.14% (8 out of 14) of tick species, with the highest prevalence (37.07%) observed in the genus Rhipicephalus. Eight rickettsial species were identified in 2375 livestock samples. Notably, six new Rickettsiales variants/strains were discovered, and Candidatus Rickettsia longicornii was unambiguously identified. CONCLUSIONS: This large-scale survey provided further insight into the high genetic diversity and overall prevalence of emerging Rickettsiales within endemic hotspots in Yunnan Province. The potential threats posed by these emerging tick-borne Rickettsiales to public health warrant attention, underscoring the need for effective strategies to guide the prevention and control of emerging zoonotic diseases in China.
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Variación Genética , Filogenia , Rickettsiales , Garrapatas , China/epidemiología , Animales , Prevalencia , Rickettsiales/genética , Rickettsiales/aislamiento & purificación , Rickettsiales/clasificación , Garrapatas/microbiología , ARN Ribosómico 16S/genética , ARN Ribosómico 16S/análisis , Ganado/microbiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/epidemiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/microbiología , Infecciones por Rickettsia/veterinaria , Rickettsia/aislamiento & purificación , Rickettsia/genética , Rickettsia/clasificación , Mamíferos/microbiología , HumanosRESUMEN
Background: Borrelia miyamotoi is a spirochete species transmitted via hard ticks. Following its discovery in Japan, this pathogen has been detected around the world, and is increasingly confirmed as a human pathogen causing febrile disease, namely relapsing fever. Its presence has been confirmed in the Northeast China. However, there is little information regarding the presence of B. miyamotoi and other hard-tick-borne relapsing fever spirochetes in southern China including Yunnan province, where tick and animal species are abundant and many people both inhabit and visit for recreation. Methods: For the present study, we collected samples of ticks, wildlife, and domestic animal hosts from different counties in Yunnan province. Nucleic acids from samples were extracted, and the presence of B. miyamotoi and other relapsing fever spirochetes was confirmed using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for the 16S rRNA specific target gene fragment. The positive samples were then amplified for partial genome of the flaB and glpQ genes. Statistical differences in its distribution were analyzed by SPSS 20 software. Sequence of partial 16S rRNA, flaB and glpQ genome were analyzed and phylogenetic trees were constructed. Results: A total of 8260 samples including 2304 ticks, 4120 small mammals and 1836 blood of domestic animal hosts were collected for screening for infection of B. miyamotoi and other relapsing fever spirochetes. Cattle and sheep act as the main hosts and Rhipicephalus microplus, Haemaphysalis nepalensis, H. kolonini and Ixodes ovatus were identified as the important vector host with high prevalence or wide distribution. Only one Mus caroli (mouse) and one Sorex alpinus (shrew) were confirmed positive for relapsing fever spirochetes. Evidence of vertical transmission in ticks was also confirmed. Two known strains of B. miyamotoi and one novel relapsing fever spirochetes, B. theileri-like agent, were confirmed and described with their host adaptation, mutation, and potential risk of spreading and spillover for human beings. Conclusions: Our results provide new evidence of relapsing fever spirochetes in vector and animal hosts in Yunnan province based on large sample sizes, and offer guidance on further investigation, surveillance and monitoring of this pathogen.
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Background: The purpose of this research was to synthesize the American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program database to investigate the link between preoperative hematocrit and postoperative 30-day mortality in patients with tumor craniotomy. Methods: A secondary retrospective analysis of electronic medical records of 18,642 patients with tumor craniotomy between 2012 and 2015 was performed. The principal exposure was preoperative hematocrit. The outcome measure was postoperative 30-day mortality. We used the binary logistic regression model to explore the link between them and conducted a generalized additive model and smooth curve fitting to investigate the link and its explicit curve shape. We conducted sensitivity analyses by converting a continuous HCT into a categorical variable and calculated an E-value. Results: A total of 18,202 patients (47.37% male participants) were included in our analysis. The postoperative 30-day mortality was 2.5% (455/18,202). After adjusting for covariates, we found that preoperative hematocrit was positively associated with postoperative 30-day mortality (OR = 0.945, 95% CI: 0.928, 0.963). A non-linear relationship was also discovered between them, with an inflection point at a hematocrit of 41.6. The effect sizes (OR) on the left and right sides of the inflection point were 0.918 (0.897, 0.939) and 1.045 (0.993, 1.099), respectively. The sensitivity analysis proved that our findings were robust. The subgroup analysis demonstrated that a weaker association between preoperative hematocrit and postoperative 30-day mortality was found for patients who did not use steroids for chronic conditions (OR = 0.963, 95% CI: 0.941-0.986), and a stronger association was discovered in participants who used steroids (OR = 0.914, 95% CI: 0.883-0.946). In addition, there were 3,841 (21.1%) cases in the anemic group (anemia is defined as a hematocrit (HCT) <36% in female participants and <39% in male participants). In the fully adjusted model, compared with the non-anemic group, patients in the anemic group had a 57.6% increased risk of postoperative 30-day mortality (OR = 1.576; 95% CI: 1.266, 1.961). Conclusion: This study confirms that a positive and nonlinear association exists between preoperative hematocrit and postoperative 30-day mortality in adult patients undergoing tumor craniotomy. Preoperative hematocrit was significantly associated with postoperative 30-day mortality when the preoperative hematocrit was <41.6.
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PPARγ agonists have been reported to induce cell death in pituitary neuroendocrine tumor (PitNET) cell cultures. However, the therapeutic effects of PPARγ agonists in vivo remain unclear. In the present study, we found that intranasal 15d-PGJ2, an endogenous PPARγ agonist, resulted in growth suppression of Fischer 344 rat lactotroph PitNETs induced by subcutaneous implantation with a mini-osmotic pump containing estradiol. Intranasal 15d-PGJ2 reduced the volume and weight of the pituitary gland and the level of serum prolactin (PRL) in rat lactotroph PitNETs. 15d-PGJ2 treatment attenuated pathological changes and significantly decreased the ratio of PRL/pituitary-specific transcription factor 1 (Pit-1) and estrogen receptor α (ERα)/Pit-1 double-positive cells. Moreover, 15d-PGJ2 treatment induced apoptosis in the pituitary gland characterized by an increased ratio of TUNEL-positive cells, cleavage of caspase-3, and elevated activity of caspase-3. 15d-PGJ2 treatment decreased the levels of cytokines, including TNF-α, IL-1ß, and IL-6. Furthermore, 15d-PGJ2 treatment markedly increased the protein expression of PPARγ and blocked autophagic flux, as evidenced by the accumulation of LC3-II and SQSTM1/p62 and the decrease in LAMP-1 expression. Importantly, all these effects mediated by 15d-PGJ2 were abolished by cotreatment with the PPARγ antagonist GW9662. In conclusion, intranasal 15d-PGJ2 suppressed the growth of rat lactotroph PitNETs by inducing PPARγ-dependent apoptotic and autophagic cell death. Therefore, 15d-PGJ2 may be a potential new drug for lactotroph PitNETs.
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Preoperative MRI results showed a vascular anomaly at the REZ of the left facial nerve (Figure A) and an anomaly at the internal auditory canal (Figure B). The left AICA was identified as the offending vessel compressing the left facial nerve at the REZ (Figure C). After the artery was dissociated and Teflon felt was placed between the involved vessel and the facial nerve (Figure D), electrophysiological monitoring indicated that the AMR had disappeared (Figure E).
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Espasmo Hemifacial/cirugía , Aneurisma Intracraneal/cirugía , Cirugía para Descompresión Microvascular , Procedimientos Neuroquirúrgicos , Femenino , Espasmo Hemifacial/etiología , Humanos , Aneurisma Intracraneal/complicaciones , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
Pituitary adenoma (PA) includes invasive pituitary adenoma (IPA) and noninvasive pituitary adenoma (NIPA), which are associated with the endocrine system. The gut microbiome plays an important role in human metabolism, but the association between the gut microbiome and pituitary adenoma remains unclear. A total of 44 subjects were enrolled in this study. Of these, 29 PA patients were further divided into IPA patients (n = 13) and NIPA patients (n = 16), while 15 healthy age-matched subjects were defined as control subjects. We collected faecal samples and characterized the gut microbial profiles by metagenomic sequencing using the Illumina X-ten platform. PLS-DA showed different microbial clusters among the three groups, and slightly different microbial ecological networks were observed. LEfSe analysis revealed significant alterations in the microbial community among PA patients. In particular, the enrichment of Clostridium innocuum, along with the reduced abundance of Oscillibacter sp. 57_20 and Fusobacterium mortiferum, were observed both in the IPA and NIPA groups compared to the control group. Moreover, PA patients could be effectively classified based on these bacteria using a support vector machine algorithm. In summary, this study demonstrated significant differences in the gut microbiome between PA patients and healthy controls. Future mechanistic experiments are needed to determine whether such alterations are a cause or consequence of pituitary adenoma.
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Adenoma , Microbioma Gastrointestinal , Neoplasias Hipofisarias , Humanos , Metagenoma , MetagenómicaRESUMEN
Objective: Rathke cleft cysts (RCC) are benign sellar lesions, and endoscopic endonasal surgery (EES) for symptomatic RCC is becoming increasingly popular, but total resection or partial resection (TR or PR) of the cyst wall is still inconclusive. The aim of this study was to review the complications and clinical prognoses associated with total and partial resection of the cyst wall by EES. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed a series of 72 patients with symptomatic RCC treated by EES from -January 2011 to June 2019 at Shenzhen University First Affiliated Hospital. For these 72 cases, 30 were treated with TR and 42 were treated with PR. Intra- and post-operative complications and clinical prognosis were investigated. Results: All 72 patients underwent a pure EES. In the TR group, 10 patients (33.3%) had intraoperative cerebrospinal fluid leakage (CSF leak), three patients (10%) had postoperative CSF leak, eight patients (26.7%) had postoperative diabetes insipidus (DI), eight patients (26.7%) had postoperative electrolyte disturbance, and 12 patients (40%) had temporary hypopituitarism postoperatively. While in the PR group, three patients (7.1%) had intraoperative CSF leak, two patients (4.8%) had postoperative DI, three patients (7.1%) had postoperative electrolyte disturbance, four patients (9.5%) had temporary hypopituitarism postoperatively, and no cases experienced postoperative CSF leak. The intra- and post-operative complications were significantly higher in TR group then PR group (P IntraoperativeCSFleak = 0.004, P Post-operativeCSFleak =0.036, P TransientDI = 0.008, P Temporaryhypopituitarism = 0.002, P Permanenthypopituitarism = 0.036, P Electrolytedisturbance = 0.023). No significant differences in post-operative improvement and recurrence. Conclusions: EES is a safe and effective approach for the treatment of symptomatic RCC. Complete sucking out the cyst contents and partial resection of the cyst wall may be sufficient for treatment, and total resection of the cyst wall is associated with a higher incidence of complications.
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Craniopharyngioma is an uncommon intracranial tumor that primarily occurs in the sella turcica. Giant cystic craniopharyngioma is rare in general and extremely rare in adults. We report a rare case of giant cystic craniopharyngioma in the anterior pontine cisterna and suprasellar cisterna. A 27-year-old man presented with double vision, and craniocerebral MRI revealed cystic masses in the anterior pontine cisterna and suprasellar cisterna. The masses were removed surgically and diagnosed as large cystic craniopharyngiomas by pathology and MRI. Giant cystic craniopharyngioma is rare in adults. Through this case report, we hope to increase awareness of this disease among various clinicians, including radiologists.
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EP300-interacting inhibitor of differentiation 3 (EID3) is a member of the IED family and has been associated with tumorigenesis and tumor development in different cancer types. However, the role of EID3 in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) prognosis is not clear. Whole transcriptome sequencing data of 249 and 149 GBM patients were collected from the Chinese Glioma Genome Atlas (CGGA) and The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database respectively. The correlation between EID3 expression and overall survival (OS)/clinical pathologic features of GBM patients was investigated. Based on the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, EID3 expression in GBM tissues was significantly lower than in normal brain tissues (P < 0.001), and significantly higher than in LGG (low-grade glioma) (P < 0.001).There was a significant correlation between high EID3 expression with poor OS in CGGA (P = 0.049) and TCGA data (P = 0.024). Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) data analysis revealed a significant difference (FDR < 0.25, NOM p-value < 0.05) in the enrichment of MSigDB Collection (h.all.v6.2.symbols.gmt). A total of eight enriched pathways were identified in the high EID3 expression group, including Myc Targets V1, Kras signaling DN, and DNA repair pathways. Multivariate Cox regression analysis indicated that high expression of EID3 correlated with poor OS (P = 0.032, HR = 1.41, CI: 1.03-1.90). We conclude that EID3 could serve as an independent factor for predicting the prognosis of patients with GBM. Moreover, it is associated with GBM development through the regulation of the Myc Targets, Kras signaling DN, and DNA repair pathways.
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RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The World Health Organization 2016 classification of central nervous system tumors added the molecular classification of gliomas and has guiding significance for the operation and prognosis of glioma patients. At present, the perfusion technique plays an important role in judging the malignant degree of glioma. To evaluate the performance of dynamic susceptibility contrast (DSC)- and dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE)-magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) histogram analyses in discriminating the states of molecular biomarkers and survival in glioma patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three glioma patients who underwent DCE- and DSC-MRI were enrolled. Relevant molecular test results, including those on isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH), O6-methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase (MGMT) and telomere reverse transcriptase (TERT), were collected. The mean relative cerebral blood volume of DSC-MRI and histogram parameters derived from DCE-MRI (volume transfer coefficient (Ktrans), fractional volume of the extravascular extracellular space (Ve), fractional blood plasma volume (Vp), rate constant between the extravascular extracellular space and blood plasma (Kep) and area under the curve (AUC)) were calculated. Differences in each parameter between gliomas with different expression states (IDH, MGMT, and TERT) were evaluated. The diagnostic efficiency of each parameter was analyzed. The overall survival of all patients was assessed. RESULTS: The 10th percentile AUC (AUCâ¯=â¯0.830, sensitivityâ¯=â¯0.78, specificityâ¯=â¯0.80), the 90th percentile Ve (AUCâ¯=â¯0.816, sensitivityâ¯=â¯0.84, specificityâ¯=â¯0.79), and the mean Kep (AUCâ¯=â¯0.818, sensitivityâ¯=â¯0.76, specificityâ¯=â¯0.78) provided the highest differential efficiency for IDH, MGMT, and TERT, respectively. Kaplan-Meier curves showed a significant difference between subjects with a 10th percentile AUC higher or lower than 0.028 (log-rankâ¯=â¯7.535; pâ¯=â¯0.006) for IDH and between subjects with different 90th percentile Ve values (log-rankâ¯=â¯6.532; pâ¯=â¯0.011) for MGMT. CONCLUSION: Histogram DCE-MRI demonstrates good diagnostic performance in identifying different molecular types and for the prognostic assessment of glioma.
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Neoplasias Encefálicas , Glioma , Telomerasa , Biomarcadores , Neoplasias Encefálicas/diagnóstico por imagen , Medios de Contraste , Metilasas de Modificación del ADN/genética , Enzimas Reparadoras del ADN/genética , Glioma/diagnóstico por imagen , Humanos , Isocitrato Deshidrogenasa/genética , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Clasificación del Tumor , Proteínas Supresoras de TumorRESUMEN
The endoscopic endonasal transsphenoidal (EET) approach for skull base tumors has become increasingly popular. We know that bone defects in the skull base can cause cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea, but for patients who need to be intubated through the nose, the tube can enter the brain through a skull base bone defect. Nasogastric tube feeding into the brain is a rare occurrence, and this situation can occur only in the case of a skull base defect. We treated a patient with an unusual complication after the EET approach for pituitary adenoma resection. This particular case suggests that bone defects after EET surgery can not only cause cerebrospinal fluid rhinorrhea but also allow the entry of a nasogastric tube into the brain. For patients with a history of EET surgery, endoscopy-assisted gastric tube implantation can be performed if necessary.