Hepatic IL22RA1 deficiency promotes hepatic steatosis by modulating oxysterol in the liver.

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An imbalance in lipid metabolism is the main cause of NAFLD. While the pathogenesis of lipid accumulation mediated by extrahepatic regulators has been extensively studied, the intrahepatic regulators modulating lipid homeostasis remain unclear. Previous studies have shown that systemic administration of IL-22 protects against NAFLD; however, the role of IL-22/IL22RA1 signaling in modulating hepatic lipid metabolism remains uncertain. APPROACH AND RESULTS: This study shows that hepatic IL22RA1 is vital in hepatic lipid regulation. IL22RA1 is downregulated in palmitic acid-treated mouse primary hepatocytes, as well as in the livers of NAFLD model mice and patients. Hepatocyte-specific Il22ra1 knockout mice display diet-induced hepatic steatosis, insulin resistance, impaired glucose tolerance, increased inflammation, and fibrosis compared with flox/flox mice. This is attributed to increased lipogenesis mediated by the accumulation of hepatic oxysterols, particularly 3 beta-hydroxy-5-cholestenoic acid (3ß HCA). Mechanistically, hepatic IL22RA1 deficiency facilitates 3ß HCA deposition through the activating transcription factor 3/oxysterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase axis. Notably, 3ß HCA facilitates lipogenesis in mouse primary hepatocytes and human liver organoids by activating liver X receptor-alpha signaling, but IL-22 treatment attenuates this effect. Additionally, restoring oxysterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase or silencing hepatic activating transcription factor 3 reduces both hepatic 3ß HCA and lipid contents in hepatocyte-specific Il22ra1 knockout mice. CONCLUSIONS: These findings indicate that IL22RA1 plays a crucial role in maintaining hepatic lipid homeostasis in an activating transcription factor 3/oxysterol 7 alpha-hydroxylase-dependent manner and establish a link between 3ß HCA and hepatic lipid homeostasis.

Proteomic analysis identified proteins that are differentially expressed in the flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthetic pathways of Camellia Nitidissima flowers.

BACKGROUND: Camellia nitidissima Chi is a popular ornamental plant because of its golden flowers, which contain flavonoids and carotenoids. To understand the regulatory mechanism of golden color formation, the metabolites of C. nitidissima petals at five different developmental stages were detected, a proteome map of petals was first constructed via tandem mass tag (TMT) analysis, and the accuracy of the sequencing data was validated via parallel reaction monitoring (PRM). RESULTS: Nineteen color components were detected, and most of these components were carotenoids that gradually accumulated, while some metabolites were flavonoids that were gradually depleted. A total of 97,647 spectra were obtained, and 6,789 quantifiable proteins were identified. Then, 1,319 differentially expressed proteins (DEPs) were found, 55 of which belong to the flavonoid and carotenoid pathways, as revealed by pairwise comparisons of protein expression levels across the five developmental stages. Notably, most DEPs involved in the synthesis of flavonoids, such as phenylalanine ammonium lyase and 4-coumarate-CoA ligase, were downregulated during petal development, whereas DEPs involved in carotenoid synthesis, such as phytoene synthase, 1-deoxy-D-xylulose-5-phosphate synthase, and ß-cyclase, tended to be upregulated. Furthermore, protein‒protein interaction (PPI) network analysis revealed that these 55 DEPs formed two distinct PPI networks closely tied to the flavonoid and carotenoid synthesis pathways. Phytoene synthase and chalcone synthase exhibited extensive interactions with numerous other proteins and displayed high connectivity within the PPI networks, suggesting their pivotal biological functions in flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthesis. CONCLUSION: Proteomic data on the flavonoid and carotenoid biosynthesis pathways were obtained, and the regulatory roles of the DEPs were analyzed, which provided a theoretical basis for further understanding the golden color formation mechanism of C. nitidissima.

Epigenetic regulation of high light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis by histone demethylase IBM1 in Arabidopsis.

In plant species, anthocyanin accumulation is specifically regulated by light signaling. Although the CONSTITUTIVELY PHOTOMORPHOGENIC1/SUPPRESSOR OF PHYA-105 (COP1/SPA) complex is known to control anthocyanin biosynthesis in response to light, the precise mechanism underlying this process remains largely unknown. Here, we report that Increase in BONSAI Methylation 1 (IBM1), a JmjC domain-containing histone demethylase, participates in the regulation of light-induced anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis. The expression of IBM1 was induced by high light (HL) stress, and loss-of-function mutations in IBM1 led to accelerated anthocyanin accumulation under HL conditions. We further identified that IBM1 is directly associated with SPA1/3/4 chromatin in vivo to establish a hypomethylation status on H3K9 and DNA non-CG at these loci under HL, thereby releasing their expression. Genetic analysis showed that quadruple mutants of IBM1 and SPA1/3/4 resemble spa134 mutants. Overexpression of SPA1 in ibm1 mutants complements the mutant phenotype. Our results elucidate the significance and mechanism of IBM1 histone demethylase in the epigenetic regulation of anthocyanin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis under HL conditions.

Bismuth-doped fiber amplifier based on a linear cavity double pass structure operating in the O + E band.

Finding suitable fiber amplifiers is one of the key strategies to increase the transmission capacity of fiber links. Recently, bismuth-doped fiber amplifiers (BDFAs) have attracted much attention due to their distinctive ultra-wideband luminescence properties. In this paper, we propose a linear cavity double pass structure for BDFA operating in the O and E bands. The design creates a linear cavity within the amplifier by combining a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) and a fiber mirror to achieve dual-wavelength pump at 1240 nm and 1310 nm. Meanwhile, the configuration of a circulator and mirror facilitates bidirectional signal propagation through the BDFA, resulting in a double-pass amplification structure. We have tested and analyzed the performance of the linear cavity double pass structure BDFA under different pump schemes and compared it with the conventional structure BDFA. The results show that the gain spectrum of the new structure is shifted toward longer wavelengths, and the gain band is extended from the O band to the O and E bands compared with the conventional structure. In particular, the linear cavity double pass structure BDFA has more relaxed requirements on the stability of the pump and signal power. This work provides a positive reference for the design, application, and development of BDFAs.

Washed microbiota transplantation improves symptoms and intestinal barrier function in patients with functional bowel disorders: a propensity-score matching analysis.

BACKGROUND: Alterations in the intestinal microbiota may play a role in the pathogenesis of functional bowel disorders (FBDs). Probiotics are widely used to improve intestinal dysbacteriosis in FBDs. In the context of FBDs, washed microbiota transplantation (WMT) appear to be a promising therapeutic option. We aimed to compare probiotics with WMT by using a propensity-score matching analysis (PSMA). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective investigation of 103 patients with FBDs, including irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), functional constipation (FC), functional diarrhea (FDr), functional abdominal bloating (FAB). Patients were divided into the WMT group or probiotics group (taking probiotics capsules). Data on the following parameters were matched for PSMA: age; sex; disease course; body mass index; anxiety; insomnia; tobacco smoking; alcohol consumption; and levels of D-lactate, diamine oxidase, and lipopolysaccharide. Intestinal barrier function (IBF) and symptoms were evaluated both before and after treatment initiation. Prognostic factors were assessed by Cox proportional hazards regression analysis. RESULTS: PSMA identified in 34 matched pairs (11 IBS, 12 FC, 7 FDr, and 4 FAB in the probiotics group and 14 IBS, 13 FC, 5 FDr, and 2 FAB in the WMT group. Improvement of FBD symptoms was greater with WMT than probiotics (P = 0.002). The WMT group had significantly fewer patients with intestinal barrier damage than the probiotics group (38.2% vs. 67.6%, P = 0.041). This improvement of FBD with WMT was further reflected as a reduction in D-lactate levels (P = 0.031). Increased D-lactate levels which were identified as a prognostic factor for FBDs (HR = 0.248, 95%CI 0.093-0.666, P = 0.006) in multivariate Cox regression analysis. CONCLUSION: WMT could improve symptoms and IBF in patients with FBDs. Increased D-lactate levels in patients with FBDs may predict a favorable response to WMT treatment.

Predicting clinical outcomes in chronic hepatitis B patients receiving nucleoside analogues and pegylated interferon alpha: a hematochemical and clinical analysis.

BACKGROUND: The best antiviral treatment for chronic hepatitis B (CHB) poses a complex challenge. The treatment effect of the combination of nucleoside analogues (NAs) and pegylated interferon alpha (PegIFN) was still in debate. METHODS: We studied patients treated with NAs and PegIFN-2b at our institution from November 2019 to January 2022. Logistic regression identified independent factors influencing clinical cure. The predictive accuracy of the formula was assessed using the Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve at different time points (before therapy, 12 weeks, and 24 weeks into treatment). RESULTS: A total of 120 patients were enrolled in the final analysis. Among the cohort of patients under study, 71 (59.1%) patients had clinical cure while 49 (40.9%) patients did not. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) at baseline and age were the powerful variables predicting the clearance of HBsAg. The area under the ROC (AUC) was 0.907 for pre-treatment predictive model, 0.958 for 12-week predictive model and 0.747 for 24-week predictive model. CONCLUSION: This study provided predictive formulas for clinical cure, offering valuable insights for CHB treatment. PegIFN and NAs exhibited efficacy. Future research that explores additional factors, such as HBV genotype, in a larger cohort study is needed.

A first-principles study of the BC3N2 monolayer and a BC3N2/graphene heterostructure as promising anode materials for sodium-ion batteries.

High-performance sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) require anode materials with high capacity and fast kinetics. Based on first-principles calculations, we propose BC3N2 and BC3N2/graphene (B/G) heterostructure as potential SIB anode materials. The BC3N2 monolayer exhibits intrinsic metallic behavior. In addition, BC3N2 possesses a low Na+ diffusion barrier (0.15 eV), a high storage capacity (777 mA h g-1), a low open-circuit voltage (0.72 V), and a tiny axial expansion (0.36%). Compared with the BC3N2 monolayer, the B/G heterostructure exhibits a lower diffusion barrier of 0.027 eV, suggesting a much faster diffusion. More importantly, although the B/G heterostructure possesses heavier molar weight, its theoretical capacity (689 mA h g-1) is comparable to that of the BC3N2 monolayer. Based on the above-mentioned properties, we hope both the BC3N2 monolayer and the B/G heterostructure would be promising anodes for SIBs.

Kinetics of hydrogen absorption/desorption in the Zr-2.5Nb alloy.

The Zr-2.5Nb alloy is a typical pressure tube material in heavy water nuclear reactors, and an increase of hydrogen isotope content in the alloy during service can pose major safety risks; hot vacuum extraction-mass spectrometry is an efficient method for evaluating hydrogen isotope concentrations in the Zr-2.5Nb alloy. This work investigates the kinetics and thermodynamic properties of deuterium (D) absorption and desorption of the Zr-2.5Nb alloy using the constant volume adsorption method and the hot vacuum extraction method. In addition to the previously reported volume contraction model, it was observed that at 600 °C and above, the reaction between D2 and Zr-2.5Nb is dominated by diffusion, while the reaction is predominantly influenced by surface adsorption and dissociation below 600 °C. Phase transition sequence of Zr-2.5Nb deuterides during non-isothermal desorption was established using quantitatively calibrated thermal desorption spectra combined with the phase transition process of deuteride decomposition. These results can provide important references for optimizing the process parameters of the hot vacuum extraction-mass spectrometry method.

Two-dimensional monolayer C5-10-16: a metallic carbon allotrope as an anode material for high-performance sodium/potassium-ion batteries.

Carbonaceous materials are promising candidates as anode materials for non-lithium-ion batteries (NLIBs) due to their appealing properties such as good electrical conductivity, low cost, and high safety. However, graphene, a classic two-dimensional (2D) carbon material, is chemically inert to most metal atoms, hindering its application as an electrode material for metal-ion batteries. Inspired by the unique geometry of a four-penta unit, we explore a metallic 2D carbon allotrope C5-10-16 composed of 5-10-16 carbon rings. The C5-10-16 monolayer is free from any imaginary frequencies in the whole Brillouin zone. Due to the introduction of a non-sp2 hybridization state into C5-10-16, the extended conjugation of π-electrons is disrupted, leading to the enhanced surface activity toward metal ions. We investigate the performance of C5-10-16 as the anode for sodium/potassium-ion batteries by using first-principles calculations. The C5-10-16 sheet has high theoretical specific capacities of Na (850.84 mA h g-1) and K (743.87 mA h g-1). Besides, C5-10-16 exhibits a moderate migration barrier of 0.63 (0.32) eV for Na (K), ensuring rapid charging/discharging processes. The average open-circuit voltages of Na and K are 0.33 and 0.62 V, respectively, which are within the voltage acceptance range of anode materials. The fully sodiated (potassiated) C5-10-16 shows tiny lattice expansions of 1.4% (1.3%), suggesting the good reversibility. Moreover, bilayer C5-10-16 significantly affects both the adsorption strength and the mobility of Na or K. All these results show that C5-10-16 could be used as a promising anode material for NLIBs.

Two-dimensional graphene+ as an anode material for calcium-ion batteries with ultra-high capacity: a first-principles study.

Multivalent-ion batteries have garnered significant attention due to their high energy density, low cost, and superior safety. Calcium-ion batteries (CIBs) are regarded as the next-generation energy storage systems for their abundant natural resources and bivalent characteristics. However, the absence of high-performance anode materials poses a significant obstacle to the progress of battery technology. Two-dimensional (2D) Dirac materials have excellent conductivity and abundant active sites, rendering them promising candidates as anode materials. A novel 2D Dirac material known as "graphene+" has been theoretically reported, exhibiting prominent properties including good stability, exceptional ductility, and remarkable electronic conductivity. By using first-principles calculations, we systematically investigate the performance of graphene+ as an anode material for CIBs. Graphene+ exhibits an ultra-high theoretical capacity (1487.7 mA h g-1), a small diffusion barrier (0.21 eV), and a low average open-circuit voltage (0.51 V). Furthermore, we investigate the impact of the electrolyte solvation on the performance of Ca-ion adsorption and migration. Upon contact with electrolyte solvents, graphene+ exhibits strong adsorption strength and rapid migration of Ca-ions on its surface. These results demonstrate the promising potential of graphene+ as a high-performance anode material for CIBs.

Post­recovery symptoms of infected cases after Omicron pandemic: a quick online cross-sectional study based on C19-YRSm in China.

BACKGROUND: The post COVID-19 health condition of Chinese residents infected with Omicron is not clear after the change of epidemic prevention policies. This study aimed to clarify the epidemiology and associated factors about health status of rehabilitation patients. METHODS: A quick questionnaire study based on C19-YRSm was conducted in mainland China through internet from May 1, 2023, to May 7, 2023. Chinese native speakers infected with Omicron variant agreed to participate were included. Persisting symptom and living habits were simultaneously inquired. Logistic regression analysis was used to identify the associated factors. RESULTS: In this study 753 individuals were included. Of whom 57.90% were males, 89.38% did not seek medical service, 99.47% recovered within less than 120 days. Breathlessness (47.68%), cognitive impairment (44.89%), Anxiety/mood changes (33.20%), pain/discomfort (32.94%), fatigue or tiredness not improved by rest (32.27%) and post-exertional malaise (30.01%) were the top reported key symptoms. Less than 10% respondents reported functional limitations. The prevalence of fever was reported greater than that of other symptoms, with dry eyes at 14.87%, appetite change at 14.34%, and hair loss at 12.22%. Middle age (OR: 2.353, 95%CI: 1.171 ~ 4.729), underlying diseases (OR: 2.293, 95%CI: 1.216 ~ 4.324), severe key symptom (OR: 6.168, 95%CI: 1.376 ~ 27.642) and at least one other symptom (OR: 1.847, 95%CI: 1.225 ~ 2.718)during the recovery were the risk factors of poor overall health after infection (current overall health score <8; 74.10%), while daily exercise in recovery period (OR: 0.457, 95%CI: 0.229 ~ 0.913), a low-fat diet (OR: 0.600, 95%CI: 0.401 ~ 0.898) and the recovery time from 2 to 4 months (OR: 0.639, 95%CI: 0.445 ~ 0.918) were the protective factors. CONCLUSION: This is the first time to use the C19-YRSm scale to evaluate the health status in China. The study revealed prevalence of persistent symptoms within 120 days after Omicron onset.

Outcome and Risk of Poststroke Pneumonia in Patients with Acute Ischemic Stroke After Endovascular Thrombectomy: A Post Hoc Analysis of the DIRECT-MT Trial.

BACKGROUND: In this study, we aimed to investigate the risk factors and impact of poststroke pneumonia (PSP) on mortality and functional outcome in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS) after endovascular thrombectomy (EVT). METHODS: This was a post hoc analysis of a prospective randomized trial (Direct intraarterial thrombectomy in order to revascularize AIS patients with large-vessel occlusion efficiently in Chinese tertiary hospitals: a multicenter randomized clinical trial). Patients with AIS who completed EVT were evaluated for the occurrence of PSP during the hospitalization period and their modified Rankin Scale (mRS) scores at 90 days after AIS. Logistic regression analysis was conducted to investigate the independent predictors of PSP. Propensity score matching was conducted for the PSP and non-PSP groups by using the covariates resulting from the logistic regression analysis. The associations between PSP and outcomes were analyzed. The outcomes included 90-day poor functional outcome (mRS scores > 2), 90-day mortality, and early 2-week mortality. RESULTS: A total of 639 patients were enrolled, of whom 29.58% (189) developed PSP. Logistic regression analysis revealed that history of chronic heart failure (unadjusted odds ratio [OR] 2.011, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.026-3.941; P = 0.042), prethrombectomy reperfusion on initial digital subtraction angiography (OR 0.394, 95% CI 0.161-0.964; P = 0.041), creatinine levels at admission (OR 1.008, 95% CI 1.000-1.016; P = 0.049), and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at 24 h (OR 1.023, 95% CI 1.007-1.039; P = 0.004) were independent risk factors for PSP. With propensity scoring matching, poor functional outcome (mRS > 2) was more common in patients with PSP than in patients without PSP (81.03% vs. 71.83%, P = 0.043) at 90 days after EVT. The early 2-week mortality of patients with PSP was lower (5.74% vs. 12.07%, P = 0.038). But there was no statistically significant difference in 90-day mortality between the PSP group and non-PSP group (22.41% vs. 14.94%, P = 0.074). The survivorship curve also shows no statistical significance (P = 0.088) between the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: Nearly one third of patients with AIS and EVT developed PSP. Heart failure, higher creatinine levels, prethrombectomy reperfusion, and National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale at 24 h were associated with PSP in these patients. PSP was associated with poor 90-day functional outcomes in patients with AIS treated with EVT.

Early prediction of post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography pancreatitis via dynamic changes of leukocyte: A retrospective study.

BACKGROUND: Post-endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) pancreatitis (PEP) remains a major concern for clinicians. Hence early identification of PEP is meaningful to minimize medical risks. AIMS: This study aims to explore the value of dynamic leukocyte changes for early prediction of PEP. METHODS: Patients from January 2017 to December 2018 (training set) and January 2019 to December 2022 (test set) were retrospectively reviewed. The dynamic changes of leukocyte, neutrophil, and lymphocyte were examined to evaluate the diagnostic value of PEP. RESULTS: A total of 498 patients (36 PEP cases) in training set and 948 patients (71 PEP cases) in test set were analyzed. Four predictors were finally identified in training set containing margin and ratio of 3h-post ERCP leukocyte count (Po Leu) to pre-ERCP leukocyte count (Pr Leu), 3h post-ERCP neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and pre-ERCP fibrinogen levels. ROC analysis revealed the optimal thresholds were 2.3 (x109/L), 1.6, 4.8 and 3.1 (g/L), respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of Po Leu - Pr Leu and Po Leu/Pr Leu were 71.0%, 82.7%, 66.1% and 86.3% to diagnosis PEP in patients with hyperamylasemia. CONCLUSIONS: For early identification of PEP, the elevation of amylase and lipase still exhibits the highest sensitivity, while the dynamic changes of leukocyte would be helpful for the different diagnosis of hyperamylasemia.

Exploration of the profiles of steroidal saponins from Rhizoma Paridis and their metabolites in rats by UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS.

INTRODUCTION: Steroidal saponins characterised by intricate chemical structures are the main active components of a well-known traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) Rhizoma Paridis. The metabolic profiles of steroidal saponins in vivo remain largely unexplored, despite their renowned antitumor, immunostimulating, and haemostatic activity. OBJECTIVE: To perform a comprehensive analysis of the chemical constituents of Rhizoma Paridis total saponins (RPTS) and their metabolites in rats after oral administration. METHOD: The chemical constituents of RPTS and their metabolites were analysed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry (UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS). RESULTS: A reliable UPLC-Q-TOF-MS/MS method was established, and a total of 142 compounds were identified in RPTS. Specifically, diosgenin-type saponins showed the diagnostic ions at m/z 415.32, 397.31, 283.25, 271.21, and 253.20, whereas pennogenin-type saponins exhibited the diagnostic ions at m/z 413.31, 395.30, and 251.20. Based on the characteristic fragments and standard substances, 15 specific metabolites were further identified in the faeces, urine, plasma, and bile of rats. The metabolic pathways of RPTS, including phase I reactions (de-glycosylation and oxidation) and phase II reactions (glucuronidation), were explored and summarised, and the enrichment of metabolites was characterised by multivariate statistical analysis. CONCLUSION: The intricate RPTS could be transformed into relatively simple metabolites in rats through de-glycosylation, which provides a reference for further metabolic studies and screening of active ingredients for TCM.

Mechanical Behavior Monitoring and Load Inversion Analysis of Large-Diameter Underwater Shield Tunnel during Construction.

The construction of large-diameter shield tunnels underwater involves complex variations in water and earth load outside the tunnel segment, as well as intricate mechanical responses. This study analyzes the variation laws of external loads, axial forces, and bending moments acting on the segment ring during the shield assembly and removal from the shield tail. It accomplishes this through the establishment of an on-site monitoring system based on the Internet of Things (IoT) and proposes a Bayesian-genetic algorithm model to estimate the water and earth pressure. The fluctuation section exhibits a peak load twice as high as that in the stable section. These variations are influenced by Jack thrust, shield shell force, and grouting pressure. The peak load observed in the fluctuation section is twice as high as the load observed in the stable section. During the shield tail removal process, the internal forces undergo significant fluctuations due to changes in both load and boundary conditions, and the peak value of the axial force during the fluctuation section is eight times higher than that during the stable section, while the peak value of the bending moment during the fluctuation section is five times higher than that during the stable section. The earth and water pressure calculated using the inversion analysis method, which relies on the measured internal forces, closely matches the actual measured values. The results demonstrate that the accuracy of the water and earth pressure obtained through inversion analysis is twice as high as that obtained using the full coverage pressure method. These results can serve as a valuable reference for similar projects.

Confining Pressure Forecasting of Shield Tunnel Lining Based on GRU Model and RNN Model.

The confining pressure has a great effect on the internal force of the tunnel. During construction, the confining pressure which has a crucial impact on tunnel construction changes due to the variation of groundwater level and applied load. Therefore, the safety of tunnels must have the magnitude of confining pressure accurately estimated. In this study, a complete tunnel confining pressure time axis was obtained through high-frequency field monitoring, the data are segmented into a training set and a testing set. Using GRU and RNN models, a confining pressure prediction model was established, and the prediction results were analyzed. The results indicate that the GRU model has a fast-training speed and higher accuracy. On the other hand, the training speed of the RNN model is slow, with lower accuracy. The dynamic characteristics of soil pressure during tunnel construction require accurate prediction models to maintain the safety of the tunnel. The comparison between GRU and RNN models not only highlights the advantages of the GRU model but also emphasizes the necessity of balancing speed accuracy in tunnel construction confining pressure prediction modeling. This study is helpful in improving the understanding of soil pressure dynamics and developing effective prediction tools to promote safer and more reliable tunnel construction practices.

Data Imputation of Soil Pressure on Shield Tunnel Lining Based on Random Forest Model.

With the advancement of engineering techniques, underground shield tunneling projects have also started incorporating emerging technologies to monitor the forces and displacements during the construction and operation phases of shield tunnels. Monitoring devices installed on the tunnel segment components generate a large amount of data. However, due to various factors, data may be missing. Hence, the completion of the incomplete data is imperative to ensure the utmost safety of the engineering project. In this research, a missing data imputation technique utilizing Random Forest (RF) is introduced. The optimal combination of the number of decision trees, maximum depth, and number of features in the RF is determined by minimizing the Mean Squared Error (MSE). Subsequently, complete soil pressure data are artificially manipulated to create incomplete datasets with missing rates of 20%, 40%, and 60%. A comparative analysis of the imputation results using three methods-median, mean, and RF-reveals that this proposed method has the smallest imputation error. As the missing rate increases, the mean squared error of the Random Forest method and the other two methods also increases, with a maximum difference of about 70%. This indicates that the random forest method is suitable for imputing monitoring data.

What influences newly graduated registered nurses' intention to leave the nursing profession? An integrative review.

BACKGROUND: Newly graduated registered nurses leaving the nursing profession in the early stages of their career have enormous financial and time implications for nursing organizations and affect the quality of nursing care. OBJECTIVE: To identify the factors influencing newly graduated registered nurses' intention to leave the nursing profession over the past 10 years. METHODS: The framework developed by Whittemore and Knafl was used to conduct this integrative review. An electronic search was conducted for English articles to identify research studies published between 2011-2022 using the following databases of PubMed, MEDLINE, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Scopus. Eligible publications were critically reviewed and scored using the Critical Appraisal Skills Program Checklist and the Center for Evidence-Based Management appraisal. RESULTS: Twenty-one studies were analyzed. The main factors affecting newly graduated registered nurses' intention to leave the nursing profession included demographic factors (age, educational level, year of experience, professional title, employment status, health status, shift, hospital location and size), supervisor and peer support, challenges in the workplace, cognitive and affective response to work, work environment (collegial nurse-physician relations, insufficient staffing level, person-work environment fit), gender stereotypes, autonomous motivation, role models, and resilience. CONCLUSIONS: The factors affecting newly graduated registered nurses' intention to leave the nursing profession are multifaceted and should receive continuous attention from nurse managers. The findings provide more comprehensive for nurse administrators to develop intervention strategies to mitigate newly graduated registered nurses' turnover intention.

AMIGO2 attenuates innate cisplatin sensitivity by suppression of GSDME-conferred pyroptosis in non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) accounts for approximately 85% of lung cancer. Cisplatin is commonly used in the treatment of many malignant tumours including NSCLC. The innate drug sensitivity greatly affects the clinical efficacy of cisplatin-based chemotherapy. As a plasma membrane adhesion molecule, amphoterin-induced gene and ORF-2 (AMIGO2) initially identified as a neurite outgrowth factor has been recently found to play a crucial role in cancer occurrence and progression. However, it is still unclear whether AMIGO2 is involved in innate cisplatin sensitivity. In the present study, we provided the in vitro and in vivo evidences indicating that the alteration of AMIGO2 expression triggered changes of innate cisplatin sensitivity as well as cisplatin-induced pyroptosis in NSCLC. Further results revealed that AMIGO2 might inhibit cisplatin-induced activation of (caspase-8 and caspase-9)/caspase-3 via stimulating PDK1/Akt (T308) signalling axis, resulting in suppression of GSDME cleavage and the subsequent cell pyroptosis, thereby decreasing the sensitivity of NSCLC cells to cisplatin treatment. The results provided a new insight that AMIGO2 regulated the innate cisplatin sensitivity of NSCLC through GSDME-mediated pyroptosis.

Correlation between PRDX2 and spermatogenesis under oxidative stress.

BACKGROUND: Obesity is one of the world's diseases that endanger human health, causing systemic inflammation caused by excessive reactive oxygen damage. An increase in the proportion of obese people with reduced sperm motility has been reported. But the mechanism behind it remains unclear. Peroxiredoxin 2 (PRDX2) is a member of the peroxidase family that effectively removes hydrogen peroxide. This study is to clarify the expression of PRDX2 in the testes of obese mice and lay a foundation for further exploration of the regulatory and protective effects of PRDX2 on spermatogenesis. METHOD: A model of high-fat-induced obesity in animals was constructed, and the expression of PRDX2 in the testes of the two groups was detected by immunohistochemistry, western blotting, immunofluorescence and other techniques. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and cholesterol were co-cultured in testicular support cells for 48 h to observe the expression of PRDX2. RESULT: PRDX2 expression was reduced in the testes of the obese group, and immunohistochemistry showed that it was mainly localized to supporting cells. H2O2 inhibits the expression of PRDX2 in Sertoli cells, and high cholesterol upregulates the expression of PRDX2 in Sertoli cells. CONCLUSION: PRDX2 has some antioxidant properties against changes in the testicular environment caused by HFD. And under short-term oxidative stress to enhance its antioxidant capacity. PRDX2 may be involved in maintaining the oxidative balance of the spermatogenesis environment.