RESUMEN
The close link between immune and pathogenesis of venous thromboembolism (VTE) has been recognized, but not fully elucidated. The current study was designed to identify immune microenvironment related signature and subtypes using explainable machine learning in VTE. We first observed an alteration of immune microenvironment in VTE patients and identified eight key immune cells involved in VTE. Then PTPN6, ITGB2, CR2, FPR2, MMP9 and ISG15 were determined as key immune microenvironment-related genes, which could divide VTE patients into two subtypes with different immune and metabolic characteristics. Also, we found that prunetin and torin-2 may be most promising to treat VTE patients in Cluster 1 and 2, respectively. By comparing six machine learning models in both training and external validation sets, XGboost was identified as the best one to predict the risk of VTE, followed by the interpretation of each immune microenvironment-related gene contributing to the model. Moreover, CR2 and FPR2 had high accuracy in distinguishing VTE and control, which may act as diagnostic biomarkers of VTE, and their expressions were validated by qPCR. Collectively, immune microenvironment related PTPN6, ITGB2, CR2, FPR2, MMP9 and ISG15 are key genes involved in the pathogenesis of VTE. The VTE risk prediction model and immune microenvironment subtypes based on those genes might benefit prevention, diagnosis, and the individualized treatment strategy in clinical practice of VTE.
Asunto(s)
Tromboembolia Venosa , Humanos , Tromboembolia Venosa/inmunología , Masculino , Femenino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Biomarcadores/metabolismo , Aprendizaje Automático , Microambiente Celular/inmunologíaRESUMEN
We demonstrate a higher sensitivity detection of proteins in a photonic crystal platform by including a deep subwavelength feature in the unit cell that locally increases the energy density of light. Through both simulations and experiments, the sensing capability of a deep subwavelength-engineered silicon antislot photonic crystal nanobeam (PhCNB) cavity is compared to that of a traditional PhCNB cavity. The redistribution and local enhancement of the energy density by the 50â nm antislot enable stronger light-molecule interaction at the surface of the antislot and lead to a larger resonance shift upon protein binding. This surface-based energy enhancement is confirmed by experiments demonstrating a nearly 50% larger resonance shift upon attachment of streptavidin molecules to biotin-functionalized antislot PhCNB cavities.
Asunto(s)
Fotones , SilicioRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Glioblastoma (GBM), a lethal primary adult malignancy, is difficult to treat because of the restrictive nature of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), blood-tumor barrier (BTB), and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment (TME). Since pulsed focused ultrasound (pFUS) is currently used to improve therapeutic deliveries across these barriers, this study aims to characterize the impact of pFUS on the TME proteomics upon opening the BBB and BTB. METHODS: We utilized MRI-guided, pFUS with ultrasound contrast microbubbles (termed 'pFUS' herein) to selectively and transiently open the BBB and BTB investigating proteomic modifications in the TME. Utilizing an orthotopically-allografted mouse GL26 GBM model (Ccr2RFP/wt - Cx3cr1GFP/wt), pFUS's effect on glioma proteomics was evaluated using a Luminex 48-plex assay. RESULTS: pFUS treated tumors exhibited increases in pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines, and trophic factors (CCTFs). Proteomic changes in tumors tend to peak at 24 h after single pFUS session (1x), with levels then plateauing or declining over the subsequent 24 h. Tumors receiving three pFUS sessions (3x) showed elevated CCTFs levels peaking as early as 6 h after the third session. CONCLUSIONS: pFUS together with microbubbles induces a sterile inflammatory response in the TME of a mouse GBM tumor. Moreover, this proinflammatory shift can be sustained and perhaps primed for more rapid responses upon multiple sessions of pFUS. These findings raise the intriguing potential that pFUS-induced BBB and BTB opening may not only be effective in facilitating the therapeutic agent delivery, but also be harnessed to modify the TME to assist immunotherapies in overcoming immune evasion in GBM.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUND: LncRNA LINC00534 has been found to be differentially expressed in placental tissue samples of preeclampsia (PE), but the exact mechanism is still unclear. METHODS: In vitro assays were carried out in HTR-8/SVneo cells using various methods, including cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8), transwells, flow cytometry, and Western blotting (WB) and quantitative polymerase chain reaction. RNA pull-down and bioinformatics analysis were applied to examine other potential underlying mechanisms involved. RESULTS: We found that there was a high expression of LINC00534 in the placental tissues of patients with PE. LINC00534 overexpression (OE) significantly inhibited cell proliferation and migration as well as accelerated cell apoptosis in HTR8/SVneo cells. The knockdown of LINC00534 produced an opposite trend. Mechanistically, LINC00534 promoted the expressions of PTEN (Phosphatase and tensin homolog) through decreasing miR-494-3p. Further rescue studies showed that LINC00534 played a role by targeting mir-494-3p, which controlled the growth and migration of HTR-8/SVneo trophoblast cells via regulating PTEN/PI3K/AKT (Phosphatidylinositol3-kinase/protein kinase B). Moreover, lncRNA pull-down assay identified 198 potential bound proteins for LINC00534. Those proteins were mostly involved in RNA processing and modification, posttranslational modification, protein turnover, and chaperones. CONCLUSION: Overall, by suppressing HTR8/SVneo cell growth and migration via the miR-494-3p/PTEN axis and other mechanisms, LINC00534 offers new insight into PE pathogenesis.
Asunto(s)
MicroARNs , Preeclampsia , ARN Largo no Codificante , Humanos , Embarazo , Femenino , MicroARNs/genética , MicroARNs/metabolismo , Placenta/metabolismo , ARN Largo no Codificante/genética , ARN Largo no Codificante/metabolismo , Fosfatidilinositol 3-Quinasas/metabolismo , Trofoblastos/metabolismo , Proliferación Celular/genética , Preeclampsia/genética , Preeclampsia/metabolismo , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/genética , Fosfohidrolasa PTEN/metabolismoRESUMEN
The selective conversion of dilute NO pollutant into low-toxic product and simultaneous storage of metabolic nitrogen for crop plants remains a great challenge from the perspective of waste management and sustainable chemistry. This study demonstrates that this bottleneck can be well tackled by refining the reactive oxygen species (ROS) on Ni-modified NH2 -UiO-66(Zr) (Ni@NU) using nickel foam (NF) as a three-dimensional (3D) substrate through a flow photoanode reactor via the gas-phase photoelectrocatalysis. By rationally refining the ROS to â OH, Ni@NU/NF can rapidly eliminate 82 % of NO without releasing remarkable NO2 under a low bias voltage (0.3â V) and visible light irradiation. The abundant mesoporous pores on Ni@NU/NF are conducive to the diffusion and storage of the formed nitrate, which enables the progressive conversion NO into nitrate with selectivity over 99 % for long-term use. Through calculation, 90 % of NO could be recovered as the nitrate species, indicating that this state-of-the-art strategy can capture, enrich and recycle the pollutant N source from the atmosphere. This study offers a new perspective of NO pollutant treatment and sustainable nitrogen exploitation, which may possess great potential to the development of highly efficient air purification systems for industrial and indoor NOx control.
RESUMEN
BACKGROUNDS: Grain size is a key factor in crop yield that gradually develops after pollination. However, few studies have reported gene expression patterns in maize grain development using large-grain mutants. To investigate the developmental mechanisms of grain size, we analyzed a large-grain mutant, named tc19, at the morphological and transcriptome level at five stages corresponding to days after pollination (DAP). RESULTS: After maturation, the grain length, width, and thickness in tc19 were greater than that in Chang7-2 (control) and increased by 3.57, 8.80, and 3.88%, respectively. Further analysis showed that grain width and 100-kernel weight in tc19 was lower than in Chang7-2 at 14 and 21 DAP, but greater than that in Chang7-2 at 28 DAP, indicating that 21 to 28 DAP was the critical stage for kernel width and weight development. For all five stages, the concentrations of auxin and brassinosteroids were significantly higher in tc19 than in Chang7-2. Gibberellin was higher at 7, 14, and 21 DAP, and cytokinin was higher at 21 and 35 DAP, in tc19 than in Chang7-2. Through transcriptome analysis at 14, 21, and 28 DAP, we identified 2987, 2647 and 3209 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between tc19 and Chang7-2. By using KEGG analysis, 556, 500 and 633 DEGs at 14, 21 and 28 DAP were pathway annotated, respectively, 77 of them are related to plant hormone signal transduction pathway. ARF3, AO2, DWF4 and XTH are higher expressed in tc19 than that in Chang7-2. CONCLUSIONS: We found some DEGs in maize grain development by using Chang7-2 and a large-grain mutant tc19. These DEGs have potential application value in improving maize performance.
Asunto(s)
Transcriptoma , Zea mays , Grano Comestible/genética , Perfilación de la Expresión Génica , Regulación de la Expresión Génica de las Plantas , Reguladores del Crecimiento de las Plantas , Zea mays/genéticaRESUMEN
Inflammation exists in the microenvironment of most, if not virtually all, tumors, which greatly exacerbates the difficulty of cancer treatment. Considering the superiority of activatable photosensitizers (PSs), a novel strategy of 'making friends with the enemy' for tumor treatment was proposed. In this strategy, the "enemy" refers to inflammatory cytokines and the tumor site is targeted by detecting the enemy. Upon detection, a dichromatic fluorescence signal is released and the PS is activated specifically by the inflammatory cytokines. In this study, a multifunctional PS (TPE-PTZ-Py) was rationally designed, which can be activated specifically under the synergistic action of hypochlorous acid (HClO) (one kind of inflammatory cytokines) and acid (one typical marker of tumor), and output a ratiometric fluorescence signal simultaneously. The sulfoxide analogue (TPE-PTZO-PyH) as the response product effectively produced 1O2 (1.8-fold higher than that obtained with Rose Bengal) and showed high phototoxicity (IC50 < 7.6 µM). More importantly, imaging analyses confirmed that TPE-PTZ-Py could be activated in human cervical cancer tissue. To date, several phenothiazine (PTZ)-based fluorescent probes have been developed for the selective sensing and imaging of HClO in subcellular organelles; however, this is the first phenothiazine-based nanodrug designed for the treatment of inflammation-associated tumors with a few side effects.
Asunto(s)
Fotoquimioterapia , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino , Femenino , Colorantes Fluorescentes , Humanos , Ácido Hipocloroso/análisis , Microscopía Fluorescente/métodos , Microambiente Tumoral , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias del Cuello Uterino/tratamiento farmacológicoRESUMEN
Understanding the history and regional singularities of human impact on vegetation is key to developing strategies for sustainable ecosystem management. In this study, fossil and modern pollen datasets from China are employed to investigate temporal changes in pollen composition, analogue quality, and pollen diversity during the Holocene. Anthropogenic disturbance and vegetation's responses are also assessed. Results reveal that pollen assemblages from non-forest communities fail to provide evidence of human impact for the western part of China (annual precipitation less than 400 mm and/or elevation more than 3000 m.a.s.l.), as inferred from the stable quality of modern analogues, principal components, and diversity of species and communities throughout the Holocene. For the eastern part of China, the proportion of fossil pollen spectra with good modern analogues increases from ca. 50% to ca. 80% during the last 2 millennia, indicating an enhanced intensity of anthropogenic disturbance on vegetation. This disturbance has caused the pollen spectra to become taxonomically less diverse over space (reduced abundances of arboreal taxa and increased abundances of herbaceous taxa), highlighting a reduced south-north differentiation and divergence from past vegetation between regions in the eastern part of China. We recommend that care is taken in eastern China when basing the development of ecosystem management strategies on vegetation changes in the region during the last 2000 years, since humans have significantly disturbed the vegetation during this period.
Asunto(s)
Ecosistema , Plantas , China , Actividades Humanas , Humanos , Polen , ÁrbolesRESUMEN
PURPOSE: To test the hypothesis that 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose (18F-FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging can detect early residual tumor following radiofrequency (RF) ablation of liver cancer using a VX2 tumor model. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty-four rabbits with VX2 liver tumors were randomly divided into 3 groups (n = 8/group): Group 1 without RF ablation treatment, Group 2 with complete ablation, and Group 3 with partial ablation. An 18F-FDG PET/MR imaging scan was obtained within 2 hours after RF ablation. The maximum standardized uptake values (SUV) of the nontreated liver tumor, benign periablational enhancement (BPE), residual tumor, ablated tumor, and adjacent liver parenchyma and mean SUV of the normal liver were measured. The ratios of maximum SUV for these targets to the mean SUV of the normal liver (TNR) were calculated and compared. RESULTS: The mean TNR of the nontreated liver tumors in Group 1 was significantly greater than that of the adjacent liver parenchyma (8.68 ± 0.71 vs 1.89 ± 0.26, P < .001). In Group 2, the mean TNR of BPE was significantly greater than that of the adjacent liver parenchyma (2.85 ± 0.20 vs 1.86 ± 0.25, P < .001). In Group 3, the mean TNR of the residual tumor was significantly greater than that of BPE (8.64 ± 0.59 vs 2.78 ± 0.23, P < .001), which was significantly greater than that of completely ablated tumor (2.78 ± 0.23 vs 0.50 ± 0.06, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS: 18F-FDG PET/MR imaging may serve as a promising imaging tool for the early detection of viable residual tumors due to incomplete tumor ablation.
Asunto(s)
Ablación por Catéter , Neoplasias Hepáticas , Animales , Fluorodesoxiglucosa F18 , Neoplasias Hepáticas/diagnóstico por imagen , Neoplasias Hepáticas/patología , Neoplasias Hepáticas/cirugía , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Tomografía de Emisión de Positrones/métodos , Conejos , RadiofármacosRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has been used to remove subepithelial lesions (SELs) in recent years; however, duodenal ESD is associated with high rates of immediate or delayed bleeding and perforation. Whether ESD can be recommended for the treatment of duodenal SELs remains controversial. Therefore, we evaluated the efficacy and safety of ESD for duodenal SELs. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in 62 patients (62 lesions) who underwent ESD for duodenal SELs between January 2012 and December 2020. The therapeutic outcomes from ESD for duodenal SELs and procedure-related complications were analyzed. RESULTS: En bloc resection and complete resection rates associated with duodenal ESD were 90.3% and 100%, respectively; four patients had a positive microscopic margin on pathologic examination. The median procedure time was 45 min (range 20-106 min). During the procedure, two patients received emergency surgery for uncontrolled bleeding and perforation, respectively. After the procedure, delayed bleeding occurred in three patients (4.8%), which was successfully managed by clipping, and delayed perforation occurred in two patients (3.2%) and needed emergency surgery. Risk factors related to complications were analyzed. Lesion size was found to be significantly associated with the complications (P = 0.028). No recurrences were detected, and no distant metastasis was observed in any patient during a median follow-up period of 45.5 months (range, 6-103 months). CONCLUSION: Duodenal ESD is relatively safe and feasible for duodenal SELs, especially for lesions no more than 2 cm in size.
Asunto(s)
Resección Endoscópica de la Mucosa , Disección/métodos , Duodeno/cirugía , Resección Endoscópica de la Mucosa/efectos adversos , Resección Endoscópica de la Mucosa/métodos , Humanos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
Nickel-induced contact dermatitis is a severe allergic reaction to objects or environments that contain nickel. Many nanomaterials have been developed to reduce skin allergies by capturing nickel, but few agents are effective and safe. In this work, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSN) were synthesized and decorated with hexa-histidine peptides (denoted as MSN-His6), making it a strong nickel chelator. Subsequently, a dietary polyphenol, chlorogenic acid, was loaded into the mesopores of MSN (denoted as MSN-His6@CGA), realizing the potential of its anti-inflammatory properties. In vitro and in vivo experiments revealed that the synthesized MSN-His6@CGA nanoparticles exhibited more stable and stronger chelation, better biocompatibility, and ideal allergy-relieving ability, whether for environmental metal contamination or for allergic contact dermatitis caused by prolonged nickel exposure. Thus, the application of mesoporous silica-based nanoparticles may represent an ideal approach to alleviate skin allergies by capturing nickel, which would benefit people who suffer from metal-induced contact dermatitis.
Asunto(s)
Ácido Clorogénico/química , Dermatitis por Contacto/etiología , Dermatitis por Contacto/terapia , Histidina/química , Nanopartículas/química , Níquel/efectos adversos , Dióxido de Silicio/química , Adsorción , Antialérgicos/administración & dosificación , Antialérgicos/química , Antiinflamatorios/administración & dosificación , Antiinflamatorios/química , Supervivencia Celular/efectos de los fármacos , Quelantes , Fenómenos Químicos , Técnicas de Química Sintética , Ácido Clorogénico/administración & dosificación , Humanos , Estructura Molecular , Níquel/química , PorosidadRESUMEN
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Cerebral amyloid angiopathy (CAA) is a well-recognized contributor to cognitive decline in the elderly. The posterior cortical predilection of CAA pathology would cause visuospatial dysfunction, which is still underexplored. We aimed to investigate whether the visuospatial dysfunction in CAA is associated with the posterior distribution of small vessel disease (SVD) imaging markers. METHODS: We recruited 60 non-demented CAA cases from a Chinese prospective cohort and 30 cases with non-CAA SVD as controls. We used the Visual Object and Space Perception (VOSP) battery to evaluate visuospatial abilities, and multivariable regression models to assess their associations with SVD imaging markers. RESULTS: There was visuospatial dysfunction, especially visual object perception impairment, in CAA compared to controls (Z-score of VOSP: -0.11 ± 0.66 vs. 0.22 ± 0.54, p = 0.023). The VOSP score in CAA was independently related to the fronto-occipital gradient of white matter hyperintensity volumes (coefficient = 0.03, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.003-0.05, p = 0.030) and mean fractional anisotropy values on diffusion tensor imaging (coefficient = 4.72, 95% CI = 0.97-8.48, p = 0.015), but not the severity of global SVD imaging markers or the gradient of lobar cerebral microbleeds with adjustments for age and global cognition score. CONCLUSIONS: This finding suggests that the damage of posterior white matter rather than global disease severity may be a major contributor to visuospatial dysfunction in CAA.
Asunto(s)
Angiopatía Amiloide Cerebral , Sustancia Blanca , Anciano , Encéfalo , Angiopatía Amiloide Cerebral/complicaciones , Angiopatía Amiloide Cerebral/diagnóstico por imagen , Hemorragia Cerebral , Imagen de Difusión Tensora , Humanos , Imagen por Resonancia Magnética , Estudios Prospectivos , Sustancia Blanca/diagnóstico por imagenRESUMEN
In this study, a series of glucose-derived carbon catalysts were developed and applied for the activation of sulfite for the oxidation of As(III). The process of sulfite activation with the carbon catalysts is based on the production of oxysulfur free radicals such as SO3â¢-, SO5â¢-, and SO4â¢-. The factors responsible for the sulfite activation performance of carbon catalysts are conductivity and ketonic functional groups. A complex is formed between the sulfite and carbon catalysts, and the electron transfer that takes place within the complex leads to the generation of semiquinone and oxysulfur radicals, and finally, the oxysulfur radicals are converted into SO4â¢- by means of O2, which results in the As(III) oxidation. The efficiency of the sulfite/carbon system is enhanced under normoxia conditions due to the reversible transformation cycle occurring among CâO/C-Oâ¢/C-OH triads. The present study is of great environmental significance as sulfite is a source of SO4â¢- generated, and the activation is achieved by a metal-free carbon material, which makes the process viable and environmentally friendly.
Asunto(s)
Carbono , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua , Glucosa , Cetonas , Oxidación-Reducción , Sulfitos , Contaminantes Químicos del Agua/análisisRESUMEN
In this study, a reduced g-C3N4/PDI/Fe (R-gCPF) photocatalyst was synthesized by loading Fe ion onto a reduced g-C3N4/PDI (R-gCP), which was obtained by reducing g-C3N4/PDI with NaBH4. The synthesized R-gCPF photocatalyst was used to construct a novel in-situ photo-Fenton system under visible light for pollutants removal. The R-gCPF2 (0.7% mass ratio of Fe/R-gCP) exhibited the optimal degradation efficiency toward benzoic acid (BA) and the photocatalytic degradation was much better than that of the unmodified g-C3N4/PDI (gCP). The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) characterization indicated that Fe was successfully loaded and bounded to the R-gCP material in the form of Fe2O3. The quenching experiments and the electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopic analysis revealed that the photo-Fenton system was built up, and water was oxidized to OH in the system. Further, the Mott-Schottky and UV-vis diffuse reflectance spectrometry (UV-vis DRS) measurements confirmed the ability of valence band on R-gCPF to oxidize water. Photoluminescence spectral (PL) analysis indicated that loaded Fe could promote the separation of photogenerated electrons and holes, and consequently improved the photocatalytic efficiency of materials. The effect of initial pH, different ions and dissolved organic matter (DOM) on BA degradation was also studied. The stability of the photocatalyst was confirmed by recycle and the leaching experiments.
Asunto(s)
Luz , Agua , Catálisis , Oxidación-Reducción , Espectroscopía de FotoelectronesRESUMEN
A binary component catalyst consists of single atoms (SAs- Pt and Au) anchored on self-doped TiO2 nanotubes (TNTs), was developed for photocatalytic CO2 reduction. The defects introduced TNTs substrate was stabilized with atomic Pt and Au via strong metal support interactions (MSI), due to which, the covalent interactions facilitated an effective transfer of photo-generated electrons from the defective sites to the SAs, and in turn an enhanced separation of electron-hole pairs and charge-carrier transmission. The Pt-Au/R-TNTs with 0.33 wt% of SA metals, exhibited a maximum of 149 times higher photocatalytic performance than unmodified R-TNT and a total apparent quantum yield (AQY) of 17.9%, in which the yield of CH4 and C2H6 reached to 360.0 and 28.8 µmol g-1 h-1, respectively. The metals loading shifted the oxidation path of H2O from â¢OH generation into O2 evolution, that inhibited the self-oxidization of the photocatalyst.
Asunto(s)
Dióxido de Carbono , Nanotubos , Catálisis , TitanioRESUMEN
AIMS OF THE STUDY: The association between regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2) and postoperative cognitive decline is controversial. In this study, we investigated the association between the real variability of regional cerebral oxygen saturation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery in patients undergoing heart valve surgery. METHODS USED TO CONDUCT THE STUDY: A total of 71 patients who underwent cardiac valve surgery were enrolled in this study. Patients were assessed for cognitive function using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Scale (MOCA) on the day before surgery and the 7th day after surgery. The real variability of regional cerebral oxygen saturation (rSO2), real variability of the brain bispectral index of EEG (BIS), real variability of mean arterial pressure (MAP) and body temperature were monitored during CPB. Patients were divided into two groups according to neural cognitive function scores to explore the relationship between postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery and the real variability of cerebral oxygen saturation, BIS, MAP, and body temperature during CPB. RESULTS OF THE STUDY: Twenty-seven patients were diagnosed with postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery. The occurrence of postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery after surgery was closely related to the large variability of rSO2 during the rewarming phase of CPB (P < .05). Logistic analysis showed that preoperative arrhythmia, a lower level of serum albumin after surgery and greater rSO2 variability during the rewarming phase were risk factors for postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery (P < .05). In this study, there was no correlation between postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery and BIS, MAP or body temperature variability (P > .05). CONCLUSIONS DRAWN FROM THE STUDY AND CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: The real variability of rSO2 during the CPB rewarming phase was related to postoperative delayed neurocognitive recovery in patients who underwent cardiac surgery.
Asunto(s)
Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos , Puente Cardiopulmonar , Procedimientos Quirúrgicos Cardíacos/efectos adversos , Puente Cardiopulmonar/efectos adversos , Válvulas Cardíacas/cirugía , Humanos , Oxígeno , Proyectos PilotoRESUMEN
Fluorescence imaging in the second near-infrared window (NIR-II, 1000-1700 nm) holds great promise for deep tissue visualization. Development of novel clinical translatable NIR-II probes is crucial for realizing the medical applications of NIR-II fluorescence imaging. Herein, the glutathione-capped gold nanoclusters (AuNCs, specifically Au25 (SG)18 ) demonstrate highly efficient binding capability to hydroxyapatite in vitro for the first time. Further in vivo NIR-II fluorescence imaging of AuNCs indicate that they accumulate in bone tissues with high contrast and signal-background ratio. AuNCs are also mainly and quickly excreted from body through renal system, showing excellent ribs and thoracic vertebra imaging because of no background signal in liver and spleen. The deep tissue penetration capability and high resolution of AuNCs in NIR-II imaging render their great potential for fluorescence-guided surgery like spinal pedicle screw implantation. Overall, AuNCs are highly promising and clinical translatable NIR-II imaging probe for visualizing bone and bone related abnormalities.
Asunto(s)
Oro , Nanopartículas del Metal , Huesos/diagnóstico por imagen , Glutatión , Imagen ÓpticaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: To compare clinical efficacy, safety and cost of AngioJet rheolytic thrombectomy (ART) plus catheter-directed thrombolysis (CDT) and manual aspiration thrombectomy (MAT) plus CDT for acute iliofemoral deep venous thrombosis (DVT). METHODS: This was a retrospective study. A total of 126 DVT patients met the inclusion criteria. Sixty-one patients were included in the ART group and sixty-five in the MAT group. Clinical parameters were used to compare the groups. Clinical outcomes, complications and various medical expenses were analyzed. RESULTS: Technical success rates were 100% in ART and MAT group. There was no significant difference in the rate of thrombus clearance (lysis grades II and III) between ART group (98.36%) and MAT group (100%) (P = 0.311). The incidence of venous damage was slightly higher in the MAT group (4.6%) than in the ART group (0%) (P = 0.245). The cost of the ART group ($8,291.7 ± 471.4) was significantly higher than that of the MAT group ($4,632.5 ± 441.7) (P < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: ART and MAT appear similar with good clinical outcomes for acute iliofemoral DVT. MAT substantially lowers mean cost per patient compared to ART.
Asunto(s)
Vena Femoral , Vena Ilíaca , Trombectomía , Terapia Trombolítica , Trombosis de la Vena/terapia , Enfermedad Aguda , Adulto , Anciano , Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Ahorro de Costo , Análisis Costo-Beneficio , Femenino , Vena Femoral/diagnóstico por imagen , Costos de la Atención en Salud , Humanos , Vena Ilíaca/diagnóstico por imagen , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Succión , Trombectomía/efectos adversos , Trombectomía/economía , Terapia Trombolítica/efectos adversos , Terapia Trombolítica/economía , Resultado del Tratamiento , Trombosis de la Vena/diagnóstico por imagen , Trombosis de la Vena/economía , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
We study the scattering of optical field by a hybridized metamaterial with properly imprinted gain. We predict that an occasionally real-eigen valued singularity in the interaction matrix of the coupled dark-bright meta-molecule would produce a high-Q resonance. This effect is demonstrated in full-wave three-dimensional finite element optical simulation. Field is efficiently amplified at this resonance. Further investigation shows that the resonance is associated with an exceptional point. The difference of this exceptional singularity from other high-Q resonances such as the spectral singularities in the scattering or transfer matrixes of parity-time symmetric systems and the bound states in the continuum is discussed. The non-Hermitian nature of the exceptional singularity promises some nonlinear applications.
RESUMEN
In a single magneto-optical (MO) waveguide, the dispersion of guided bulk wave is reciprocal in the Voigt configuration. Here we show that the parity-time (P T) phase in two coupled MO waveguides can be nonreciprocal if the waveguides are properly biased. The nonreciprocal P T phase is closely related to the asymmetric field profile induced by the MO effect that modifies the coupling strength between adjacent waveguides. We show that it is feasible to switch between broken and conserved P T phases by simply reversing the magnetic bias or the propagating direction of wave. Theoretical analysis and numerical calculation prove our theory. This investigation highlights a flexible method in manipulating the field dynamics of waveguide arrays by using the novel properties of P T phase especially the exceptional points.