Rapid Generation of Tetrahydropyridines and Tetrahydroquinolines by Dearomative Cyanation/Grignard Addition.

A rapid, practical and scalable method for the reductant and tansition-metal-free synthesis of a variety of novel 2,4-disubstituted tetrahydropyridines and tetrahydroquinolines is disclosed. The method is based upon dearomative functionalization of pyridines or quinolines to generate amino nitrile intermediates as masked iminium ions, which then react rapidly with various Grignard reagents in complete stereocontrol.

Personality Assessment Based on Multimodal Attention Network Learning With Category-Based Mean Square Error.

Personality analysis is widely used in occupational aptitude tests and entrance psychological tests. However, answering hundreds of questions at once seems to be a burden. Inspired by personality psychology, we propose a multimodal attention network with Category-based mean square error (CBMSE) for personality assessment. With this method, we can obtain information about one's behaviour from his or her daily videos, including his or her gaze distribution, speech features, and facial expression changes, to accurately determine personality traits. In particular, we propose a new approach to implementing an attention mechanism based on the facial Region of No Interest (RoNI), which can achieve higher accuracy and reduce the number of network parameters. Simultaneously, we use CBMSE, a loss function with a higher penalty for the fuzzy boundary in personality assessment, to help the network distinguish boundary data. After effective data fusion, this method achieves an average prediction accuracy of 92.07%, which is higher than any other state-of-the-art model on the dataset of the ChaLearn Looking at People challenge in association with ECCV 2016.

Risk factors and survival outcomes of laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma patients with lung metastasis: A population-based study.

OBJECTIVE: It remains elusive which factors may influence the morbidity and mortality of lung metastasis (LM) in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Carcinoma (LSCC) patients. The aim of the present study was to investigate factors influencing LM and the survival outcomes of LSCC patients with LM. METHODS: We identified 10,935 patients with LSCC from 2010 to 2014 using the Surveillance, Epidemiology and End Results database. Multivariate logistic regression analysis was used to determine the factors associated with the presence of LM. Multivariate cox regression analysis was used to identify covariates associated with increased all-cause mortality in patients with LM. RESULTS: Among 10,935 patients with LSCC, 232 (2.12%) patients had LM. The median survival time of patients with LM was 8 months, and 8.37% of patients survived after 3 years. Patients with age ≥ 60 years old, unmarried status, supraglottis, overlapping lesion of larynx, subglottis, pathological grade III, T4 stage, N1 stage, N2 stage, N3 stage and bone, brain or liver metastases were more likely to have LM. Survival analysis showed that chemotherapy and radiotherapy suggested better survival of LSCC patients with LM while pathological grade IV was associated with an increased all-cause mortality. CONCLUSION: The incidence of LSCC patients with LM varied by age, married status, and tumor subtypes. LSCC patients with LM had poor survival, and only 8.37% of patients survived after 3 years. However, chemotherapy and radiotherapy were found as independent favorable prognostic factors for survival.

[Research of gene chip detection and gene expression profile of nasal polyps].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the gene expression profile by using gene chip technology and probe into the role of corresponding gene in the pathogenesis of nasal polyps by analysing the difference of the gene depression. METHOD: The total RNAs were respectively extracted from 6 pairs of inferior turbinates and nasal polyps, and then were reversely transcribed to cDNAs with incorporation of fluorescent dUTP as the hybridization probes. The mixed probes were then hybridized with the BiostarH-40 s gene chips, it was scanned by laser scanner and the acquired image was analyzed by software. RESULT: 1887 genes were differently expressed in gene profile of nasal polyps, among which 1099 were upregulated and 788 were down-regulated. Six genes were found in all gene chips, among which 4 genes were upregulated and 2 were down-regulated. The 6 genes encoded the protein of the transmembrane 4 superfamily, highly similar to GAMMA-interferon-inducible protein IP-30 precursor, highly similar to complement factor I precursor and insulin-like growth factor binding protein 3 (IGFBP3). CONCLUSION: Detecting the differently expressed genes will provide clues and theoretical foundation for the pathogenesis of nasal polyps. The nasal polyps is a polygenic disease and the genes of GAMMA-interferon-inducible protein, insulin-like growth factor binding protein may play an important role in its pathogenesis.