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OBJECTIVE: Adherence to pain medication in patients with cancer is crucial for successful pain therapy. This review aimed to investigate the rate of adherence, which factors influence adherence, whether adherence differs in diverse patient populations, whether there are methods to improve adherence, and the relationship between adherence and pain relief. METHODS: This review was performed in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines. MEDLINE/PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Cochrane, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched. All types of studies investigating adherence of patients with cancer, factors influencing adherence, and methods to improve adherence to pain medication were included. They were first screened on title and abstract and thereafter on full text. Selected articles were subjected to a quality assessment according to the PRISMA checklist. From included articles, study characteristics and outcomes were extracted. RESULTS: Of 795 articles, 18 were included. Different methods were used to measure adherence, which led to adherence rates ranging from 8.9% to 82.0%. White Americans and men were found to be more adherent than African Americans and women. Because of various barriers, adherence is often suboptimal. Fear of addiction, physiological and harmful effects, tolerance, and disease progression are common concerns. Interventions, such as pain education booklets, pain consults, and specialized nurses, may be beneficial to increase the adherence. Lower adherence rates were associated with lower pain relief. CONCLUSION: Adherence of cancer patients to pain medication is suboptimal. Health care workers should focus on addressing barriers to increase adherence to obtain better pain relief.
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Cumplimiento de la Medicación , Neoplasias , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/complicaciones , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Dolor/tratamiento farmacológico , Dolor/etiologíaRESUMEN
Data on clinical use of ponatinib are limited. This prospective registry aimed to evaluate outcomes of ponatinib treatment in routine practice over 3 years (2016-2019) in Belgium (NCT03678454). Patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) or Philadelphia chromosome-positive (Ph+) acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) were treated with ponatinib per current label. Fifty patients (33 CML and 17 Ph+ ALL) were enrolled. Fifty-five percent of CML and 29% of Ph+ ALL patients had received ≥3 prior tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs). Reasons for starting ponatinib were intolerance (40%), relapse or refractoriness (28%) to previous TKIs, progression (16%), or T315I mutation (16%). Median follow-up was 15 months for CML and 4.5 months for Ph+ ALL patients. Best response was a major molecular response in 58% of CML and 41% of Ph+ ALL patients. Of 20 patients who started ponatinib due to intolerance to previous TKIs, 9 (64%) CML and 4 (67%) Ph+ ALL achieved a major molecular response. Three-year estimates of overall survival were 85.3% and 85.6%, respectively, in CML and Ph+ ALL patients; estimated progression-free survival was 81.6% and 48.9%. Adverse reactions were reported in 34 patients (68%); rash (26%) and dry skin (10%) were most common. Reported cardiovascular adverse reactions included vascular stenosis (3), arterial hypertension (2), chest pain (1), palpitations (1), and vascular occlusion (1). This Belgian registry confirms results from the PACE clinical trial and supports routine ponatinib use in CML and Ph+ ALL patients who are resistant or intolerant to previous TKIs or with the T315I mutation.
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Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Imidazoles/uso terapéutico , Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Leucemia-Linfoma Linfoblástico de Células Precursoras/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/uso terapéutico , Piridazinas/uso terapéutico , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Bélgica , Enfermedades Cardiovasculares/inducido químicamente , Erupciones por Medicamentos/etiología , Sustitución de Medicamentos , Femenino , Estudios de Seguimiento , Proteínas de Fusión bcr-abl/antagonistas & inhibidores , Humanos , Ictiosis/inducido químicamente , Imidazoles/efectos adversos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Supervivencia sin Progresión , Estudios Prospectivos , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/efectos adversos , Piridazinas/efectos adversos , Sistema de Registros , Terapia Recuperativa , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: Our aim was to give an overview of the effectiveness of adjunctive analgesics in head and neck cancer (HNC) patients receiving (chemo-) radiotherapy. DESIGN: Systematic review. INTERVENTIONS: This systematic review was conducted following the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, the Cochrane Library, and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for studies concerning "head neck cancer," "adjunctive analgesics," "pain," and "radiotherapy." OUTCOME MEASURES: Pain outcome, adverse events, and toxicity and other reported outcomes, for example, mucositis, quality of life, depression, etc. RESULTS: Nine studies were included in our synthesis. Most studies were of low quality and had a high risk of bias on several domains of the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Only two studies comprised high-quality randomized controlled trials in which pregabalin and a doxepin rinse showed their effectiveness for the treatment of neuropathic pain and pain from oral mucositis, respectively, in HNC patients receiving (chemo-) radiotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: More high-quality trials are necessary to provide clear evidence on the effectiveness of adjunctive analgesics in the treatment of HNC (chemo-) radiation-induced pain.
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Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello , Estomatitis , Analgésicos/uso terapéutico , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/tratamiento farmacológico , Neoplasias de Cabeza y Cuello/radioterapia , Humanos , Pregabalina , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
Lenalidomide maintenance therapy prolonged progression-free survival (PFS) versus placebo in elderly patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) responding to induction chemotherapy in the phase 3 REMARC study. This subpopulation analysis assessed the impact of lenalidomide maintenance and treatment-emergent adverse events (TEAEs) on health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Global health status (GHS), and physical functioning and fatigue subscales were evaluated in patients who completed the European Organisation for Research and Treatment of Cancer quality-of-life questionnaire-C30 v3.0. The impact of TEAEs classified post hoc as subjective (patients can feel) or observable (only measurable by physicians) on dose reductions and discontinuations was assessed. Among 457 patients (lenalidomide, n = 229; placebo, n = 228), mean (standard deviation) GHS was similar between treatment arms [68·2 (20·7) Versus 72·0 (17·8)] at randomisation and remained similar during maintenance. Patients receiving lenalidomide experienced no meaningful changes in GHS, physical functioning, or fatigue. Observable TEAEs were more common (81·1% Versus 66·3%) and more likely to lead to dose reductions, than subjective TEAEs in both arms. PFS was superior in the lenalidomide arm regardless of dose reduction. Lenalidomide maintenance prolonged PFS and did not negatively impact HRQOL in patients with DLBCL despite TEAEs being more common, when compared with placebo.
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Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/administración & dosificación , Lenalidomida/administración & dosificación , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/tratamiento farmacológico , Quimioterapia de Mantención , Calidad de Vida , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/efectos adversos , Ciclofosfamida/administración & dosificación , Ciclofosfamida/efectos adversos , Doxorrubicina/administración & dosificación , Doxorrubicina/efectos adversos , Femenino , Humanos , Lenalidomida/efectos adversos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Prednisona/administración & dosificación , Prednisona/efectos adversos , Rituximab/administración & dosificación , Rituximab/efectos adversos , Vincristina/administración & dosificación , Vincristina/efectos adversosRESUMEN
The aim of this exploratory clinical study was to evaluate whether the preanalytical quality of blood samples subjected to delayed centrifugation and transport - as a result of home-sampling - is affected in a way it alters the clinical decision-making for patients under systemic cancer therapy. This evaluation is part of a comprehensive investigation of the opportunities for oncological home-hospitalization. Forty-nine patients with cancer donated two additional blood samples during their ambulatory hospital visit. Fifteen blood analytes were compared between routine blood samples and samples that were subjected to transport and delayed centrifugation in order to mimic a locally implemented model for oncological home-hospitalisation. Deviations were analysed by means of Deming regression. For those analytes showing statistically significant intercepts and/or slopes, the mean deviations were compared to the desirable analytical bias; and the intra-individual differences were compared with the limits for clinical decision-making. Statistically significant intercepts and/or slopes were observed for haematocrit (HCT), mean cellular volume (MCV), platelets count (PLT) and C-reactive protein (CRP). Differences exceeding the allowable margins of desirable analytical bias were observed for HCT and MCV. Risk of different clinical decision-making couldn't be observed for any of the analytes showing statistically significant differences. These results demonstrate that home-collection of blood samples, transported at room temperature and centrifuged within a mean time of five hours after sampling, has no effect on clinical decision-making with regards to systemic cancer therapy. However, attention should be paid to the potential occurrence of haemolysis during the preanalytical phase, which can negatively influence haemolysis-dependent variables.
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Recolección de Muestras de Sangre/métodos , Toma de Decisiones Clínicas , Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio , Neoplasias/sangre , Control de Calidad , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Proteína C-Reactiva/metabolismo , Índices de Eritrocitos , Femenino , Hematócrito/normas , Hemólisis , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/diagnóstico , Neoplasias/tratamiento farmacológico , Recuento de Plaquetas/normas , Factores de Tiempo , Transportes/normasRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: To assess interruptions/discontinuations of tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) treatment in Belgian patients with chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML). METHODS: This retrospective study included patients with TKI interruptions/discontinuations of ≥4 continuous weeks (no clinical trial context) between May 2013 and May 2016. Data collection took place between October 2016 and February 2017. RESULTS: All 60 participants (69 interruptions/discontinuations) had chronic-phase CML and 75% had at least a major molecular response (≥MMR) at interruption/discontinuation. Most interruptions/discontinuations occurred while on imatinib (36/69; 49%) and dasatinib (20/69; 29%). Most interruptions/discontinuations occurred due to side effects/intolerance (46/69; 67%); other reasons included a wish to conceive (6/69; 9%) and attempts to achieve treatment-free remission (TFR) (6/69; 9%). Interruptions due to side effects occurred later for imatinib- or dasatinib-treated patients than for those on nilotinib or ponatinib. Treatment was re-initiated in 62% (43/69) of cases. Most interruptions caused by side effects/intolerance were followed by treatment changes. All 4 patients with ≥MR 4.5 at interruption/discontinuation and ≥11-month follow-up who had not restarted treatment maintained the response. CONCLUSION: Although TKIs are used for long-term CML treatment, physicians sometimes recommend interruptions/discontinuations. In this study, interruptions/discontinuations were mainly caused by side effects or intolerance, rather than TFR attempts.
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Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/administración & dosificación , Inhibidores de Proteínas Quinasas/efectos adversos , Anciano , Bélgica , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Cognitive complaints, of objective or subjective nature, may negatively impact cancer patients' quality of life (QoL). Further, the early detection of cognitive alterations may lead to an improved QoL. However, the content of such screening is yet unclear. This paper presents long-term QoL data of cancer patients treated with curative intent and its relation with objective and subjective cognitive complaints, and patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). METHODS: QoL data, measured by the EORTC QLQ C-30, were obtained at baseline, 6 (T1), 12 (T2), and 24 months (T3) after treatment start, and compared between patients with and without objective and subjective cognitive complaints. The predictive value of PROMs was also examined. RESULTS: QoL data at baseline was collected in 125 patients. Response rates at T1, T2, and T3 were 84.7%, 81.5%, and 83.1%, respectively. Eighty-nine patients returned their QoL questionnaires at all times. Baseline subjective cognitive complaints had a stronger association with worse scores on patients' overall QoL and QoL subscale scores than objective cognitive complaints. An exploratory analysis into the value of PROMs in predicting long-term QoL at T3 revealed a significant effect for the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale-Depression and FACIT Fatigue scale. CONCLUSIONS: Self-perceived cognitive alterations are negatively associated with patients' overall QoL. As these troubles may already be present at baseline, oncology nurses should screen for the early signs of subjective cognitive complaints by use of PROMs, in order to refer the patient to proper intervention programs which may lead to an improved long-term QoL and faster reintegration into society.
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Disfunción Cognitiva/psicología , Neoplasias/psicología , Calidad de Vida , Autoimagen , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Femenino , Humanos , Estudios Longitudinales , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Neoplasias/terapia , Medición de Resultados Informados por el PacienteRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: The current survey aimed to gather predefined disease parameters and treatment strategies to characterize the polycythemia vera (PV) patient population in Belgium. METHODS: Cross-sectional data from PV patients, seen at least once between May 2014 and May 2015 at 10 sites in Belgium, were collected in aggregated form and analyzed descriptively and quantitatively. RESULTS: Data from 343 PV patients were collected. Of these, 174 (50.7%) were male and 256 (74.6%) were ≥60 years of age. Ninety-two (26.8%) had a prior history of thrombotic events. Considerable proportions of patients had increased hematological parameters (hematocrit > 45% [31.2%], leukocytes > 10 × 109 /L [33.3%], and platelet > 400 × 109 /L [38.2%]). Most patients had non-palpable spleen (284, 87.7%) and no phlebotomies during the past 6 months (197, 57.4%). Low-dose aspirin was given as thrombosis prophylaxis in 249 (72.6%) patients, while 232 (67.6%) received hydroxyurea (HU) as cytoreductive treatment. Forty-one patients (12.0%) were reported as resistant and/or intolerant to HU. Seventeen patients (5.0%) received ruxolitinib in the context of clinical trials. CONCLUSION: This survey provides better insight into the characteristics of Belgian PV patients and currently used treatment strategies. It shows that 232 (67.6%) PV patients continue to receive HU despite being potentially HU-resistant.
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Policitemia Vera/epidemiología , Bélgica/epidemiología , Biomarcadores , Biopsia , Médula Ósea/patología , Terapia Combinada , Estudios Transversales , Manejo de la Enfermedad , Índices de Eritrocitos , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Policitemia Vera/diagnóstico , Policitemia Vera/etiología , Policitemia Vera/terapia , Vigilancia en Salud Pública , Resultado del TratamientoRESUMEN
INTRODUCTION: Recent research in the field of cancer-related cognitive impairments (CRCI) has shown CRCI presentation prior to treatment initiation. Some have attributed these problems to worry and fatigue, whereas others have suggested an influence of age, IQ, and other psychosocial and medical factors. METHODS: Patients (≥18 years) with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of a solid cancer or hematological malignancy, scheduled for a curative treatment, were evaluated with a baseline neuropsychological assessment including Patient-Reported Outcome Measures (PROMs). PROMs entailed distress, anxiety and depression, fatigue, and cognitive complaints. The neuropsychological assessment comprised several cognitive domains such as premorbid IQ, attention, processing speed, flexibility, verbal and visual episodic memory, and verbal fluency. RESULTS: Cross-sectional data of 125 patients were collected. Patients had a mean age of 60.9 years (range: 30.0-85.0) and comprised primarily females (65.6%). Patients presented with cancer of following sites: breast (44.0%), digestive (28.8%), urological (11.2%), gynecologic (8.0%), hematologic malignancy (4.8%), and lung (3.2%). Patients presented with a premorbid IQ of 105.3 (range: 79.0-124.0). In 29.6% of patients, a CRCI was detected. Binary logistic regression analyses showed that a lower premorbid IQ (ß = -.084, P < .01) and a higher level of fatigue (ß = -.054, P < .05) predicted baseline CRCI. Premorbid IQ also predicted performance on individual cognitive domains. Some domains were also influenced by age, gender, having a breast cancer diagnosis, and an active treatment for hypertension. CONCLUSION: Premorbid IQ and fatigue are important predictors of baseline CRCI. Therefore, we advise researchers to implement a short IQ test when conducting clinical trials on CRCI.
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Neoplasias de la Mama/psicología , Disfunción Cognitiva/diagnóstico , Disfunción Cognitiva/psicología , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Ansiedad/psicología , Neoplasias de la Mama/complicaciones , Cognición , Disfunción Cognitiva/etiología , Estudios Transversales , Depresión/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Memoria , Persona de Mediana Edad , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Adulto JovenAsunto(s)
Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Transfusión de Eritrocitos , Factores Inmunológicos/uso terapéutico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/tratamiento farmacológico , ADP-Ribosil Ciclasa 1/antagonistas & inhibidores , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/efectos adversos , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/farmacocinética , Femenino , Fiebre/inducido químicamente , Estudios de Seguimiento , Humanos , Factores Inmunológicos/efectos adversos , Masculino , Glicoproteínas de Membrana/antagonistas & inhibidores , Persona de Mediana Edad , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/epidemiología , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/terapia , Neutropenia/inducido químicamente , Neumonía/inducido químicamente , Prueba de Estudio Conceptual , Riesgo , Trombocitopenia/inducido químicamenteRESUMEN
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to validate the Freund Clock Drawing Test (CDT), with its predefined cutoff score of ≤4, as a screening tool to detect elderly cancer patients in need of a more in-depth cognitive evaluation within a comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). METHODS: Patients aged 70 years or older with a histologically confirmed diagnosis of cancer were evaluated with a full CGA, including CDT and Folstein Mini Mental State Examination (MMSE) as gold standard. Validation of the Freund CDT was defined in terms of diagnostic accuracy of the test through receiver operating characteristics (ROC)-analysis. To accept the Freund CDT as a screening tool, we estimated that the area under the ROC curve (AUC) had to differ significantly from 0.70 with an AUC of at least 0.85. RESULTS: Two hundred elderly cancer patients with a mean age of 79.0 years were included. Four patients were excluded from the analyses because of invalid results. Potential cognitive impairment (MMSE ≤23) was observed in 27.0% of patients. Based on of the AUC ± SE, the Freund CDT showed excellent diagnostic performance (0.95 ± 0.17). Furthermore, it provided excellent sensitivity (94.3%) and high specificity (87.4%). CONCLUSIONS: Our results indicate that the Freund CDT can be used as an initial screening tool to detect elderly cancer patients in need of a more in-depth cognitive assessment within CGA, instead of the MMSE.
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Trastornos del Conocimiento/diagnóstico , Evaluación Geriátrica/métodos , Tamizaje Masivo/instrumentación , Neoplasias/psicología , Pruebas Neuropsicológicas , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Trastornos del Conocimiento/psicología , Femenino , Humanos , Masculino , Neoplasias/complicaciones , Valor Predictivo de las Pruebas , Estudios Prospectivos , Curva ROC , Reproducibilidad de los Resultados , Sensibilidad y EspecificidadRESUMEN
This international, multicentre phase II study was conducted to assess ofatumumab, a human anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, in patients with relapsed/progressive diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) who were ineligible for autologous stem cell transplantation (TI) or who had relapse/progression after transplantation (PT). Eighty-one patients received ofatumumab 300 mg intravenously (IV) on Day 1, followed by seven weekly IV infusions of 1000 mg. Patients in the TI and PT groups had received a median of 3 (range, 1-7) and 5 (range, 2-7) prior therapies, respectively. One-third of patients did not respond to the last prior therapy, and 53% had failed two or more rituximab-containing therapies. Overall response rate was 13% for the TI group (seven partial responses) and 8% for the PT group (two complete responses). Median progression-free survival was 2·6 months, and median duration of response was 9·5 months. The most common Grade 3-4 adverse events were neutropenia (11%), leucopenia (6%), lymphopenia (6%) and thrombocytopenia (6%). Sixteen deaths have been reported, with disease progression as the most common cause of death. In conclusion, ofatumumab monotherapy was well tolerated and provided clinical benefit to some DLBCL patients in this study.
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Anticuerpos Monoclonales/uso terapéutico , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Inmunoterapia , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/terapia , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/efectos adversos , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/inmunología , Anticuerpos Monoclonales/farmacocinética , Anticuerpos Monoclonales Humanizados , Anticuerpos Monoclonales de Origen Murino/administración & dosificación , Antígenos CD20/inmunología , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos/farmacocinética , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/administración & dosificación , Antineoplásicos Alquilantes/farmacología , Protocolos de Quimioterapia Combinada Antineoplásica/uso terapéutico , Terapia Combinada , Supervivencia sin Enfermedad , Resistencia a Antineoplásicos , Femenino , Enfermedades Hematológicas/inducido químicamente , Trasplante de Células Madre Hematopoyéticas , Humanos , Inmunoterapia/efectos adversos , Estimación de Kaplan-Meier , Linfoma de Células B Grandes Difuso/cirugía , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Recurrencia , Inducción de Remisión , Rituximab , Terapia Recuperativa , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Cancer patients, survivors and caregivers often encounter severe distress, having significant consequences to wellbeing, functionality and physical health. This study developed and evaluated a participatory arts programme to determine if such could help to improve the wellbeing of cancer patients and their caregivers. METHODS: To inform the development of a participatory arts programme, cancer patients and their caregivers at an Organisation of European Cancer Institute (OECI)-designated cancer centre were asked which activities they would wish to engage in (anonymous survey one). A programme was then developed and trialled for 1 year. Following participation, we explored the satisfaction and any benefits of taking part (anonymous survey two). RESULTS: Survey one had a participation rate of 70%. In this survey, participants indicated they preferred group-based activities (61%) over an individual approachto take place on a monthly basis (46%). The developed programme ran from December 2018 to December 2019, with 435 patients and caregivers taking part. Two hundred and eighteen completed survey two and revealed a positive response to both the structure and content of the programme and its impact on the wellbeing of patients and caregivers. The majority indicated they felt (much) betterfrom participating in the participatory arts programme. CONCLUSION: This study points out the interest and potential value of a participatory arts programme to the perceived wellbeing. This suggests such programmes could be incorporated into cancer care provision, to serve as psychosocial support. The latter is particularly relevant for improving the lives, wellbeing and health of cancer patients and those supporting them.
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Cuidadores , Neoplasias , Humanos , Neoplasias/terapia , Encuestas y CuestionariosRESUMEN
Imatinib mesylate (imatinib) has been shown to be highly efficacious in the treatment of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML). Continuous and adequate dosing is essential for optimal outcomes and with imatinib treatment possibly being lifelong, patient adherence is critical. The ADAGIO (Adherence Assessment with Glivec: Indicators and Outcomes) study aimed to assess prospectively over a 90-day period the prevalence of imatinib nonadherence in patients with CML; to develop a multivariate canonical correlation model of how various determinants may be associated with various measures of nonadherence; and to examine whether treatment response is associated with adherence levels. A total of 202 patients were recruited from 34 centers in Belgium, of whom 169 were evaluable. One-third of patients were considered to be nonadherent. Only 14.2% of patients were perfectly adherent with 100% of prescribed imatinib taken. On average, patients with suboptimal response had significantly higher mean percentages of imatinib not taken (23.2%, standard deviation [SD] = 23.8) than did those with optimal response (7.3%, SD = 19.3, P = .005; percentages calculated as proportions x 100). Nonadherence is more prevalent than patients, physicians, and family members believe it is, and therefore should be assessed routinely. It is associated with poorer response to imatinib. Several determinants may serve as alert signals, many of which are clinically modifiable.
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Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva/tratamiento farmacológico , Cooperación del Paciente , Piperazinas/uso terapéutico , Pirimidinas/uso terapéutico , Adolescente , Adulto , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Antineoplásicos/efectos adversos , Antineoplásicos/uso terapéutico , Benzamidas , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Femenino , Humanos , Mesilato de Imatinib , Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva/epidemiología , Leucemia Mielógena Crónica BCR-ABL Positiva/psicología , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Cooperación del Paciente/estadística & datos numéricos , Piperazinas/efectos adversos , Prevalencia , Pirimidinas/efectos adversos , Estudios Retrospectivos , Factores de Riesgo , Resultado del Tratamiento , Adulto JovenRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Given the increasing burden of cancer on patients, health care providers, and payers, the shift of certain outpatient procedures to the patients' homes (further indicated as oncologic home-hospitalization [OHH]) might be a high-quality, patient-centered, and cost-effective alternative to standard ambulatory cancer care (SOC). METHODS: A randomized-controlled trial was conducted to evaluate the quality of a locally implemented model for OHH (n = 74) compared with SOC (n = 74). The model for OHH consisted of home administration of certain subcutaneous cancer drugs (full OHH) and home nursing assessments before ambulatory systemic cancer therapy (partial OHH). Quality was evaluated based on patient-reported quality of life (QoL) and related end points; service use and cost data; safety data; patient-reported satisfaction and preferences; and model efficiency. An equivalence design was used for primary end point analysis. Participants were followed during 12 weeks of systemic cancer treatment. RESULTS: This trial demonstrated equivalence of both models (OHH v SOC) in terms of patient-reported QoL (95% CI not exceeding the equivalence margin of 10%). Full OHH resulted in significantly less hospital visits (mean of 5.6 ± 3.0 v 13.2 ± 4.6; P = .011). Partial OHH reduced waiting times for therapy administration at the day care unit with 45% per visit (2 hours 36 minutes ± 1 hour 4 minutes v 4 hours ± 1 hour 4 minutes; P < .001). No safety issues were detected. Of the intervention group, 88% reported to be highly satisfied with the OHH model, and 77% reported a positive impact on their QoL. At study end, 60% of both study arms preferred OHH above SOC. CONCLUSION: The shift of particular procedures from the outpatient clinic to the patients' homes offers a high-quality and patient-centered alternative for a large proportion of patients with cancer. Further research is needed to evaluate potential cost-efficiency.
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Neoplasias , Calidad de Vida , Atención Ambulatoria , Hospitalización , Humanos , Oncología Médica , Neoplasias/terapia , Atención Dirigida al PacienteRESUMEN
PURPOSE: Patients with lower-risk (LR) myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) who are RBC transfusion dependent and have experienced relapse after or are refractory to erythropoiesis-stimulating agent (ESA) have limited treatment options. High telomerase activity and human telomerase reverse-transcription expression in clonal hematopoietic cells have been reported in patients with MDS. Imetelstat, a first-in-class competitive inhibitor of telomerase enzymatic activity, targets cells with active telomerase. We report efficacy, safety, and biomarker data for patients with LR MDS who are RBC transfusion dependent and who were relapsed/refractory to ESAs. PATIENTS AND METHODS: In this two-part phase II/III study (MDS3001), the primary end point was 8-week RBC transfusion independence (TI) rate, with key secondary end points of 24-week RBC TI rate, TI duration, and hematologic improvement-erythroid. RESULTS: Data from the phase II part of the study are reported. Of 57 patients enrolled and treated (overall population), 38 were non-del(5q) and hypomethylating agent and lenalidomide naïve (subset population). The 8- and 24-week RBC TI rates in the overall population were 37% and 23%, respectively, with a median TI duration of 65 weeks. In the subset population, 8- and 24-week RBC TI rates were 42% and 29%, respectively, with a median TI duration of 86 weeks. Eight-week TI rate was observed across all subgroups evaluated. Cytogenetic and mutational data revealed a reduction of the malignant clones, suggesting disease modification activity. The most common adverse events were cytopenias, typically reversible within 4 weeks. CONCLUSION: Imetelstat treatment results in a meaningful, durable TI rate across a broad range of heavily transfused patients with LR MDS who are ineligible for or relapsed/refractory to ESAs. Biomarker analyses indicated effects on the mutant malignant clone.
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Inhibidores Enzimáticos/uso terapéutico , Síndromes Mielodisplásicos/tratamiento farmacológico , Oligonucleótidos/uso terapéutico , Anciano , Anciano de 80 o más Años , Biomarcadores de Tumor/sangre , Transfusión de Eritrocitos/estadística & datos numéricos , Femenino , Hematínicos/uso terapéutico , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana EdadRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: Oncological home-hospitalization (OHH) might be a patient-centred approach to deal with the increasing burden of cancer on health-care facilities and finances. Before implementation into practice, its feasibility, costs and support among stakeholders should be evaluated. The purpose of this trial was to explore patients', specialists' and general practitioners' (GPs) perspectives towards the opportunities of implementing OHH within the Belgian health-care system. METHODS: A regional cross-sectional survey study was launched in order to investigate the stakeholders' views on OHH and the current cancer care focusing on integration of primary care and continuous care. RESULTS: Of the responders, 37 out of 163 patients (23%), 45 of 62 GPs (73%) and 10 of 15 specialists (67%) feel positive about the opportunities for OHH. Nevertheless, 11/15 specialists (73%) and 51/62 GPs (82%) feel primary care might currently be (too) little involved in order to ensure continuous care for cancer patients. Opportunities for improved continuous care are seen in better communication between primary care and hospital, and more patient contacts for primary care during the cancer treatment process. CONCLUSION: The results of this local survey study demonstrated there is support among different stakeholder groups for the implementation of OHH within the Belgian health-care context. However, some barriers impeding transmural continuous care should be tackled before implementing such model into practice. Better communication between health-care professionals and more patients contacts are suggested, and an adjusted legal and financial framework is required.
Asunto(s)
Actitud del Personal de Salud , Actitud Frente a la Salud , Médicos Generales , Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio , Neoplasias/terapia , Especialización , Adulto , Anciano , Bélgica , Instituciones Oncológicas , Estudios Transversales , Femenino , Hospitales , Humanos , Masculino , Oncología Médica , Persona de Mediana Edad , Médicos , Atención Primaria de SaludRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to determine the proportion of "fit" versus "vulnerable" older patients with cancer included in phase II and III oncology registration trials, as compared to the proportions in a real life oncology setting. METHODS: Trial and patient characteristics of older (≥70years) patients treated at the OECI-designated clinical cancer centre in Kortrijk and included in a phase II or III oncology registration trial were collected retrospectively. These patients were matched individually with randomly-selected patients from the general oncology setting, based on gender, age, tumour type, tumour stage, and treatment intent. Patients' fitness, based on routine Geriatric-8 (G8) screening, was retrieved from prospectively constructed databases. RESULTS: Between November 2012 and October 2018, 218 older patients with cancer were included in a phase II or III oncology registration trial. Of those, 41 cases with a mean age of 76.0years were included in the analyses. A Fisher's Exact Test revealed a statistical significant difference between cases and matched controls, with a higher proportion of "fit" patients included in phase II or III oncology registration trials compared to the proportion in the matched control group (respectively 70.7% and 41.5%, p<.010). DISCUSSION: We provide evidence for the hypothesis that older patients included in phase II or III oncology trials are significantly fitter than the real life oncology population. Some form of geriatric evaluation should be integrated in future cancer clinical trials to enable stratification according to this parameter and allow subgroup analysis. This will broaden the application and interpretation of trial results.
Asunto(s)
Oncología Médica , Neoplasias , Anciano , Estudios de Casos y Controles , Evaluación Geriátrica , Humanos , Neoplasias/epidemiología , Neoplasias/terapia , Estudios RetrospectivosRESUMEN
PURPOSE: The objective of this pilot study was to evaluate the feasibility of oncological home-hospitalization and to compare its quality with standard ambulatory hospital care in terms of patient-reported quality of life and related endpoints by means of a set of validated patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). METHODS: An observational cohort study (clinicaltrials.gov identifier: NCT03073499) was conducted, allocating patients to (partial) home-hospitalization or standard ambulatory hospital care. PROMs were completed by both cohorts at start of treatment and eight weeks later. An additional study-specific questionnaire was presented to the intervention cohort at study-end assessing their satisfaction with and preferences for the provided homecare. RESULTS: Thirty patients received home-hospitalization, corresponding to 116 interventions. For twenty-eight patients, this comprised all assessments required prior to administration of treatment, which resulted in a significant reduction of waiting time for treatment administration at the hospital in comparison with the control cohort (nâ¯=â¯24) (average reduction of 1:12â¯h, pâ¯<â¯0.001). Two patients received actual subcutaneous therapy at home. None of the PROM's evaluated revealed significant differences between both cohorts (all pâ¯>â¯0.05). 29/30 patients of the intervention cohort were satisfied with the provided homecare and preferred to have it continued, 22/25 patients declared to feel at home at least as safe as in the hospital. No serious safety concerns were reported. CONCLUSION: The results of this pilot study suggest that (partial) oncological home-hospitalization is feasible, safe and statistically not affecting patient-reported quality of life. Furthermore, this care model was acceptable and preferred by a substantial number of cancer patients.
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Servicios de Atención de Salud a Domicilio , Neoplasias/terapia , Calidad de la Atención de Salud , Anciano , Estudios de Cohortes , Estudios de Factibilidad , Femenino , Encuestas de Atención de la Salud , Humanos , Masculino , Persona de Mediana Edad , Proyectos Piloto , Calidad de VidaRESUMEN
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing an alcohol screening questionnaire as part of the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA) by reporting the prevalence of alcohol abuse in a group of older patients with cancer in a Belgian cancer centre. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Patients were recruited at the Geriatric Oncology Clinic of the Kortrijk Cancer Centre and were evaluated by use of a CGA. Two alcohol screening questionnaires were integrated into the CGA: the Cutdown-Annoyed-Guilty-Eye-opener (CAGE) questionnaire and the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-screening version (AUDIT-C). RESULTS: 193 patients with a mean age of 77.7â¯years were included in the analyses. Abnormal scores on the CAGE were detected in 6.3% of males and 1.2% of women. Abnormal results on the AUDIT-C were noticed in 30.0% of men, and in 21.7% of women. A regression analysis could not find a significant effect of the CAGE questionnaire when entered as predictor for CGA domain scores. Regarding the AUDIT-C, significant results were detected for predicting the score of the Geriatric-8 questionnaire and polypharmacy in men, and the Independent Activities of Daily Living questionnaire in women. No association with one-year survival was detected for either alcohol screening questionnaire. DISCUSSION: It is feasible to implement an alcohol screening questionnaire as part of a CGA as results indicated a rather high level of alcohol abuse in this cohort.