Quinolone antibacterial agents. Synthesis and structure-activity relationships of a series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)quinolones. Highly soluble quinolone prodrugs with in vivo pseudomonas activity.

ABSTRACT

A series of amino acid prodrugs of racemic and chiral 7-(3-amino-1-pyrrolidinyl)-6-fluoro-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acids, 1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids, 1-cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids, and 5-amino-1-cyclopropyl-6,8-difluoro-3-quinolinecarboxylic acids have been prepared and evaluated for comparative antibacterial activity. Compounds were prepared by acylation of the 3-amino group of the pyrrolidine with common amino acids using standard peptide chemistry. This series has been compared with the parent compounds for antibacterial activity in vitro and in vivo as well as for comparative solubility. The amino acid analogues were less active in vitro, but had equal or increased efficacy in vivo. Indeed, it was proven that these compounds, which were stable to acid and base under the reaction conditions for their preparation, were rapidly cleaved in serum to give the parent quinolones. The amino acid derivatives showed a 3-70 times improved solubility when compared to the parent compounds. The most active compound of the series was [S-(R*,R*)]-7-[3-[(2-amino-1-oxopropyl)-amino]-1-pyrrolidinyl]-1- cyclopropyl-6-fluoro-1,4-dihydro-4-oxo-1,8-naphthyridine-3-carboxylic acid (PD 131112).