The impact of early intra-articular administration of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist on lubricin metabolism and cartilage degeneration in an anterior cruciate ligament transection model.

OBJECTIVE: Study the impact of intra-articular interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1 ra) treatment on lubricin biosynthesis following anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT) in the rat and evaluate the effect of combined IL-1 ra and recombinant human lubricin (rhPRG4) treatments on chondrocyte apoptosis. METHODS: ACLT was performed in male Lewis rats. Treatments included IL-1 ra or vehicle (n = 36 in each group). IL-1 ra intra-articular dosing was performed on days 1, 3, 5 and 7 following ACLT using Anakinra (150 mg/ml; 40 µl). At 3 and 5 weeks, animals were sacrificed and RNA was isolated. Histological analyses included Safranin O and H&E. Lubricin synovial fluid (SF) lavage concentrations were determined at 5 weeks. ACLT animals were treated with a single injection of vehicle, IL-1 ra (75 mg/ml; 40 µl), rhPRG4 (200 µg/ml; 40 µl), or IL-1 ra + rhPRG4 (75 mg/ml + 200 µg/ml; 40 µl) (n = 6 in each group) on day 7 following ACLT and cartilage was probed for cleaved caspase-3 at 5 weeks. RESULTS: IL-1 ra treatment improved lubricin expression (P < 0.001) and lubricin SF lavage concentrations in the IL-1 ra group was higher (P = 0.005) than the vehicle. IL-1 ra treatment reduced cartilage and synovial scores (P < 0.001) compared to vehicle. IL-1 ra and rhPRG4 acted synergistically to reduce caspase-3 positive chondrocytes (P < 0.001) compared to individual treatments. CONCLUSION: IL-1 ra treatment preserved lubricin following ACLT and a combined treatment of IL-1 ra + rhPRG4 may act synergistically to reduce cartilage catabolism.