Fetal consequences of maternal antiretroviral nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor use in human and nonhuman primate pregnancy.
Curr Opin Pediatr
; 27(2): 233-9, 2015 Apr.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-25635584
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Here we present fetal genotoxicity and mitochondrial toxicity, induced by nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs), in HIV-1-infected pregnant women treated to prevent mother-to-child HIV-1 transmission, and in virus-free pregnant patas monkeys. RECENT FINDINGS: In the offspring of pregnant patas monkeys given human-equivalent NRTI protocols, aneuploidy was found in cultured bone marrow cells taken at birth, 1, and 3 years of age. In some newborn human infants, the offspring of HIV-1-infected mothers given zidovudine (AZT) therapy, aneuploidy, mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) depletion, morphologically damaged mitochondria, and reduction in cardiac left ventricular muscle were observed. NRTI-exposed human and patas umbilical cords had similar levels of mtDNA depletion and mitochondrial morphological damage. NRTI-exposed patas offspring showed a compensatory increase in heart mtDNA, and a 50% loss of brain mtDNA at 1 year of age. Mitochondrial morphological damage and mtDNA loss were persistent in blood cells of NRTI-exposed infants up to 2 years of age, and in heart and brain from NRTI-exposed patas up to 3 years of age (human equivalent of 15 years). SUMMARY: Whereas use of NRTIs in human pregnancy protects many thousands of children worldwide, some HIV-1-uninfected infants born to HIV-1-infected mothers receiving antiretroviral drug therapy sustain toxicities that may have adverse consequences later in life.
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Complicaciones Infecciosas del Embarazo
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ADN Mitocondrial
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Zidovudina
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Infecciones por VIH
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Transmisión Vertical de Enfermedad Infecciosa
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Inhibidores de la Transcriptasa Inversa
Tipo de estudio:
Guideline
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Prognostic_studies
Límite:
Animals
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Female
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Humans
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Infant
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Newborn
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Pregnancy
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Curr Opin Pediatr
Asunto de la revista:
PEDIATRIA
Año:
2015
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Francia