Obesity and its effects on the esophageal mucosal barrier.
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
; 321(3): G335-G343, 2021 09 01.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-34405732
ABSTRACT
Obesity is associated with gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and its complications including reflux esophagitis, Barrett's esophagus, and esophageal adenocarcinoma. Traditionally, these associations have been attributed to the mechanical effect of abdominal fat in increasing intra-abdominal pressure, thereby promoting gastroesophageal reflux and causing disruption of antireflux mechanisms at the esophagogastric junction. However, recent studies suggest that visceral adipose tissue (VAT) produces numerous cytokines that can cause esophageal inflammation and impair esophageal mucosal barrier integrity through reflux-independent mechanisms that render the esophageal mucosa especially susceptible to GERD-induced injury. In this report, we review mechanisms of esophageal mucosal defense, the genesis and remodeling of visceral adipose tissue during obesity, and the potential role of substances produced by VAT, especially the VAT that encircles the esophagogastric junction, in the impairment of esophageal mucosal barrier integrity that leads to the development of GERD complications.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Esófago de Barrett
/
Reflujo Gastroesofágico
/
Mucosa Esofágica
/
Obesidad
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Am J Physiol Gastrointest Liver Physiol
Asunto de la revista:
FISIOLOGIA
/
GASTROENTEROLOGIA
Año:
2021
Tipo del documento:
Article