Longitudinal Analysis of Coronavirus-Neutralizing Activity in COVID-19 Patients.
Viruses
; 14(5)2022 04 23.
Article
en En
| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-35632624
ABSTRACT
The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) pandemic has now been continuing for more than two years. The infection causes COVID-19, a disease of the respiratory and cardiovascular system of variable severity. Here, the humoral immune response of 80 COVID-19 patients from the University Hospital Frankfurt/Main, Germany, was characterized longitudinally. The SARS-CoV-2 neutralization activity of serum waned over time. The neutralizing potential of serum directed towards the human alpha-coronavirus NL-63 (NL63) also waned, indicating that no cross-priming against alpha-coronaviruses occurred. A subset of the recovered patients (n = 13) was additionally vaccinated with the mRNA vaccine Comirnaty. Vaccination increased neutralization activity against SARS-CoV-2 wild-type (WT), Delta, and Omicron, although Omicron-specific neutralization was not detectable prior to vaccination. In addition, the vaccination induced neutralizing antibodies against the more distantly related SARS-CoV-1 but not against NL63. The results indicate that although SARS-CoV-2 humoral immune responses induced by infection wane, vaccination induces a broad neutralizing activity against multiple SARS-CoVs, but not to the common cold alpha-coronavirus NL63.
Palabras clave
Texto completo:
1
Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Asunto principal:
Inmunidad Humoral
/
Vacunas contra la COVID-19
/
COVID-19
Tipo de estudio:
Observational_studies
Límite:
Humans
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Viruses
Año:
2022
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Alemania