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Reemergence of Oropouche virus between 2023 and 2024 in Brazil.
Scachetti, Gabriel C; Forato, Julia; Claro, Ingra M; Hua, Xinyi; Salgado, Bárbara B; Vieira, Aline; Simeoni, Camila L; Barbosa, Aguyda R C; Rosa, Italo L; de Souza, Gabriela F; Fernandes, Luana C N; de Sena, Ana Carla H; Oliveira, Stephanne C; Singh, Carolina M L; de Lima, Shirlene T; de Jesus, Ronaldo; Costa, Mariana A; Kato, Rodrigo B; Rocha, Josilene F; Santos, Leandro C; Rodrigues, Janete T; Cunha, Marielton P; Sabino, Ester C; Faria, Nuno R; Weaver, Scott C; Romano, Camila M; Lalwani, Pritesh; Proença-Módena, José Luiz; de Souza, William M.
Afiliación
  • Scachetti GC; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Forato J; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Claro IM; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
  • Hua X; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
  • Salgado BB; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • Vieira A; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Simeoni CL; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Barbosa ARC; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • Rosa IL; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • de Souza GF; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Fernandes LCN; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • de Sena ACH; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • Oliveira SC; Universidade Federal do Amazonas, Manaus, Brazil.
  • Singh CML; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • de Lima ST; Laboratory of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Instituto Leônidas e Maria Deane, Fiocruz Amazônia, Manaus, Brazil.
  • de Jesus R; Fundação de Medicina Tropical Doutor Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Brazil.
  • Costa MA; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Kato RB; Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
  • Rocha JF; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Ceará, Fortaleza, Brazil.
  • Santos LC; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  • Rodrigues JT; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil.
  • Cunha MP; Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
  • Sabino EC; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil.
  • Faria NR; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil.
  • Weaver SC; Laboratório Central de Saúde Pública do Acre, Rio Branco, Brazil.
  • Romano CM; Laboratory of Emerging Viruses, Department of Genetics, Evolution, Microbiology and Immunology, Institute of Biology, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
  • Lalwani P; Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • Proença-Módena JL; Departamento de de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
  • de Souza WM; Departamento de de Patologia, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil.
medRxiv ; 2024 Jul 30.
Article en En | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39132482
ABSTRACT

Background:

Oropouche virus (OROV; species Orthobunyavirus oropoucheense) is an arthropod-borne virus that has caused outbreaks of Oropouche fever in Central and South America since the 1950s. This study investigates virological factors contributing to the reemergence of Oropouche fever in Brazil between 2023 and 2024.

Methods:

In this study, we combined OROV genomic, molecular, and serological data from Brazil from 1 January 2015 to 29 June 2024, along with in vitro and in vivo characterization. Molecular screening data included 93 patients with febrile illness between January 2023 and February 2024 from the Amazonas State. Genomic data comprised two genomic OROV sequences from patients. Serological data were obtained from neutralizing antibody tests comparing the prototype OROV strain BeAn 19991 and the 2024 epidemic strain. Epidemiological data included aggregated cases reported to the Brazilian Ministry of Health from 1 January 2014 to 29 June 2024.

Findings:

In 2024, autochthonous OROV infections were detected in previously non-endemic areas across all five Brazilian regions. Cases were reported in 19 of 27 federal units, with 83.2% (6,895 of 8,284) of infections in Northern Brazil and a nearly 200-fold increase in incidence compared to reported cases over the last decade. We detected OROV RNA in 10.8% (10 of 93) of patients with febrile illness between December 2023 and May 2024 in Amazonas. We demonstrate that the 2023-2024 epidemic was caused by a novel OROV reassortant that replicated approximately 100-fold higher titers in mammalian cells compared to the prototype strain. The 2023-2024 OROV reassortant displayed plaques earlier than the prototype, produced 1.7 times more plaques, and plaque sizes were 2.5 larger compared to the prototype. Furthermore, serum collected in 2016 from previously OROV-infected individuals showed at least a 32-fold reduction in neutralizing capacity against the reassortment strain compared to the prototype.

Interpretation:

These findings provide a comprehensive assessment of Oropouche fever in Brazil and contribute to a better understanding of the 2023-2024 OROV reemergence. The recent increased incidence may be related to a higher replication efficiency of a new reassortant virus that also evades previous immunity.
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Texto completo: 1 Banco de datos: MEDLINE País/Región como asunto: America do sul / Brasil Idioma: En Revista: MedRxiv Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Brasil
Texto completo
Imprimir
XML
PubMed Links
Buscar en Google

Texto completo: 1 Banco de datos: MEDLINE País/Región como asunto: America do sul / Brasil Idioma: En Revista: MedRxiv Año: 2024 Tipo del documento: Article País de afiliación: Brasil