Neural Correlates of Psychopathic Traits in Schizophrenia: fMRI Study of Response Inhibition in Persistently Violent Patients.
Schizophr Bull Open
; 4(1): sgad009, 2023 Jan.
Article
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| MEDLINE
| ID: mdl-39145336
ABSTRACT
Background and Hypothesis:
Psychopathic traits play an important role in schizophrenia, particularly for violent behavior. There have been very few functional imaging studies (fMRI) examining the impact of brain dysfunction on psychopathic traits in schizophrenia. Our goal was to evaluate neural abnormalities underlying these traits through fMRI in violent subjects with schizophrenia (VS) and in 3 comparison groups healthy controls (HC), nonviolent patients (NV), and nonpsychotic violent subjects (NPV). StudyDesign:
fMRI imaging was used to measure blood-oxygen-level-dependent activation in 95 subjects while they performed a Go/NoGo task 26 VS, 25 NPV, 26 HC, and 18 NVS. Psychopathy was evaluated through the 2 factors of the Psychopathy Checklist (PCLSV). The subjects were also evaluated for psychiatric symptoms and for educational achievement. StudyResults:
Hypoactivation of brain areas involved in response inhibition was related to the severity of psychopathic traits in the violent patients with schizophrenia. These areas included frontal regions, cingulate cortex, insula, precuneus, and basal ganglia. This association was very strong for the first PCLSV factor, the affective-interpersonal traits, and moderate for the second PCLSV factor, the antisocial-impulsive traits. The latter traits were also linked to poor educational achievement.Conclusions:
The 2 psychopathic factors have different antecedents and are dissociable at the neural level in schizophrenia. Brain dysfunction is more strongly associated with the affective-interpersonal traits while the antisocial traits are associated with various factors. This has important implications for the conceptualization and treatment of violence in patients with schizophrenia.
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Banco de datos:
MEDLINE
Idioma:
En
Revista:
Schizophr Bull Open
Año:
2023
Tipo del documento:
Article
País de afiliación:
Estados Unidos