Short- and long-term prognostic factors associated with functional recovery in elderly patients with hip fracture: A systematic review.

This systematic review aimed to identify short- and long-term associated factors to functional recovery of elderly hip fracture patients after discharge. We identified 43 studies reporting 74 associated factors to functional recovery; most of them were biological, sociodemographic, or inherent factors to patients' baseline characteristics, including their pre-facture functional capacity. PURPOSE: This systematic review aimed to identify short- and long-term associated factors to functional recovery of elderly hip fracture patients after hospital discharge. We assessed the use of the hip fracture core-set and key-performance indicators for secondary fracture reduction. METHODS: A search was performed in seven electronic databases. Observational studies reporting predictors after usual care of elderly patients with hip fracture diagnoses receiving surgical or conservative treatment were included. Primary outcomes considered were part of the domains corresponding to functional capacity. RESULTS: Of 3873 references identified, and after the screening and selection process, 43 studies were included. Sixty-one functional measures were identified for ten functional outcomes, including BADLs, IADLs, ambulation, and mobility. Biological characteristics such as age, sex, comorbidities, cognitive status, nutritional state, and biochemical parameters are significantly associated. Determinants such as contact and size of social network and those related to institutional care quality are relevant for functional recovery at six and 12 months. Age, pre-fracture function, cognitive status, and complications continue to be associated five years after discharge. We found 74 associated factors to functional recovery of elderly hip fracture patients. Ten of the studies reported rehabilitation programs as suggested in KPI 9; none used the complete hip fracture core-set. CONCLUSION: Most of the associated factors for functional recovery of elderly hip fracture were biological, sociodemographic, or inherent factors to patients' baseline characteristics, including their pre-facture functional capacity. For the core-set and KPI's, we found an insufficient use and report. This study reports 61 different instruments to measure functional capacity. REGISTRATION NUMBER: PROSPERO (CRD42020149563).

Overview of Systematic Reviews of Health Interventions for the Prevention and Treatment of Overweight and Obesity in Children.

(1) Background: The importance of studying the health interventions used to prevent and treat overweight and obesity in school-aged children is imperative. This overview aimed to summarize systematic reviews that assess the effects of school-based, family, and mixed health interventions for preventing and treating overweight and obesity in school-aged children. (2) Methods: The Cochrane Collaboration methodology and PRISMA statement were followed. A search was conducted using terms adapted to 12 databases. Systematic reviews reporting interventions in children from six to 12 years old with an outcome related to preventing or treating obesity and overweight were included. Studies with pharmacological or surgical interventions and adolescents were excluded. (3) Results: A total of 15,226 registers were identified from databases and citation searching. Of those, ten systematic reviews published between 2013 and 2022 were included. After the overlap, 331 interventions for children between 6 and 12 years old were identified, and 61.6% involved physical activity and nutrition/diet intervention. Multicomponent intervention, combining physical activity with nutrition and behavioral change, school-based plus community-based interventions may be more effective in reducing overweight and obesity in children. (4) Conclusions: Plenty of interventions for childhood overweight and obesity aimed at prevention and treatment were identified, but there is a gap in the methodological quality preventing the establishment of a certain recommendation.

Overview of systematic reviews of health interventions that aim to prevent and treat overweight and obesity among children.

BACKGROUND: Childhood overweight and obesity is a global public health issue. Although there is evidence of a reduced prevalence in some countries, there is still much controversy about the efficacy of health interventions that aim to prevent and treat obesity in this specific population. The objective of the present study is to develop an overview of systematic reviews (OSRs) that assesses the effects of school-based, family, and multi-component health interventions for the prevention and treatment of obesity, change in physical activity, dietary, and/or hydration behaviors, and change in metabolic risk factors in school-aged children. METHODS: This protocol was developed using the methodology proposed by Cochrane. It outlines a comprehensive search in 12 electronic databases to identify systematic reviews of health interventions, including studies that evaluate and how to prevent and/or treat overweight and/or obesity in children aged 6 to 12 years. The risk of bias of the included Systematic Reviews will be assessed with the ROBIS tool. DISCUSSION: Since the OSRs methodology's purpose is only to harmonize evidence from open access publications, ethical consent is not necessary for the present protocol. In terms of diffusion, a paper will be submitted for publication in a scientific journal to describe the main results obtained through the OSRs. TRIAL REGISTRATION: The present overview of the systematic review protocol has been registered in PROSPERO (ID number 218296).