ABSTRACT
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a near-continuous review of cardiopulmonary resuscitation science that replaces the previous 5-year cyclic batch-and-queue approach process. This is the first of an annual series of International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations summary articles that will include the cardiopulmonary resuscitation science reviewed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation in the previous year. The review this year includes 5 basic life support and 1 pediatric Consensuses on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Each of these includes a summary of the science and its quality based on Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria and treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force members are provided in Values and Preferences sections. Finally, the task force members have prioritized and listed the top 3 knowledge gaps for each population, intervention, comparator, and outcome question.
Subject(s)
Cardiology/standards , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/standards , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Emergency Medicine/standards , Evidence-Based Medicine/standards , Heart Arrest/therapy , Age Factors , Consensus , Heart Arrest/diagnosis , Heart Arrest/mortality , Humans , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/diagnosis , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortality , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The pediatric airway and respiratory function differ from those in adults. Optimum management requires consideration of these differences, but the application of adult principles is usually sufficient to buy time in an emergency until specialist pediatric help is available. Simple airway opening techniques such as head tilt and jaw thrust are usually sufficient to open the child's airway, but there is now a range of equipment available to bypass supraglottic airway obstruction-the strengths and weaknesses of such devices are explored in this article. The role of endotracheal intubation is also discussed, along with the pros and cons of the use of cuffed endotracheal tubes in children, and methods of confirming tracheal placement of the tube.
Subject(s)
Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/standards , Heart Arrest/therapy , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Respiratory System/physiopathology , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Child , Heart Arrest/physiopathology , Humans , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
The International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation has initiated a near-continuous review of cardiopulmonary resuscitation science that replaces the previous 5-year cyclic batch-and-queue approach process. This is the first of an annual series of International Consensus on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations summary articles that will include the cardiopulmonary resuscitation science reviewed by the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation in the previous year. The review this year includes 5 basic life support and 1 paediatric Consensuses on Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation and Emergency Cardiovascular Care Science With Treatment Recommendations. Each of these includes a summary of the science and its quality based on Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation criteria and treatment recommendations. Insights into the deliberations of the International Liaison Committee on Resuscitation task force members are provided in Values and Preferences sections. Finally, the task force members have prioritised and listed the top 3 knowledge gaps for each population, intervention, comparator, and outcome question.
Subject(s)
Cardiology/standards , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/standards , Consensus , Emergency Medical Services/standards , Emergency Medicine/standards , Evidence-Based Emergency Medicine/standards , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/therapy , Age Factors , Heart Massage/standards , Humans , Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest/mortalityABSTRACT
Suport vital pediàtric bàsic I avançat. Recomanacions per a la covid-19 del Consell Europeu de Ressuscitació (ERC) El grup de redacció de guies pediàtriques de l'ERC ha fet una adaptació «temporal» de les seves recomanacions a l'època de la covid-19. Aquestes s'han d'interpretar dins del context de cada sistema sanitari, considerant el grau de propagació de la malaltia I la seva evolució dins de cada regió, així com l'impacte general sobre els recursos disponibles. Donada l'evidència limitada, les pautes següents són principalment el resultat del consens d'experts. Es fa referència a la protecció de personal sanitari I no sanitari, al reconeixement de l'infant greument malalt, al maneig de la via aèria I la respiració de l'infant críticament malalt amb possible covid-19, al reconeixement de l'aturada cardíaca en infants I l'algoritme de suport vital bàsic, a l'obstrucció de la via aèria per cos estrany, al suport vital avançat I a l'ètica de la reanimació en infants durant la pandèmia de covid-19
El grupo de redacción de guías pediátricas de ERC ha realizado una adaptación «temporal» de sus recomendaciones en la época de la covid-19. Estas deben interpretarse dentro del contexto de cada sistema sanitario, considerando el grado de propagación de la enfermedad y su evolución dentro de esa región, así como el impacto general sobre los recursos disponibles. Dada la evidencia limitada, las siguientes pautas son principalmente el resultado del consenso de expertos. Se hace referencia a la protección de personal sanitario y no sanitario, al reconocimiento del niño gravemente enfermo, al manejo de la vía aérea y la respiración del niño críticamente enfermo con posible covid-19, al reconocimiento de la parada cardíaca en niños y al algoritmo de soporte vital básico, a la obstrucción de la vía aérea por cuerpo extraño, al soporte vital avanzado y a la ética de la reanimación en niños durante la pandemia de covid-19
The ERC paediatric guideline writing group has "temporarily" adapted their recommendations to the context of covid-19. These should be interpreted within the context of each healthcare system, considering the degree of covid-19 spread and evolving disease profile within that region, and the overall impact on available resources. Given the limited evidence, the following guidelines are mainly the result of expert consensus. Reference is made to the protection of bystanders and healthcare professionals, to the recognition of the critically ill child, to the airway and breathing management of a critically child with potential covid-19, to the recognition of cardiac arrest in children and basic life support (BLS) algorithm, foreign body airway obstruction, advanced life support (ALS), and the ethics of resuscitation in children during the covid-19 pandemic