Phenological patterns of Spodoptera Guenée, 1852 (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) is more affected by ENSO than seasonal factors and host plant availability in a Brazilian Savanna.

The identification of factors responsible for the population dynamics is fundamental for pest management, since losses can reach 18% of annual production. Besides regular seasonal environmental factors and crop managements, additional supra-annual meteorological phenomena can also affect population dynamics, although its relevance has been rarely investigated. Among crop pests, Spodoptera stands out due to its worldwide distribution, high degree of polyphagy, thus causing damages in several crops in the world. Aiming to distinguish the relevance of different factors shaping population dynamics of Spodoptera in an ecosystem constituted of dry and rainy seasons, the current study used circular statistics to identify phenological patterns and test if its population fluctuation is driven by El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) effect, seasonal meteorological parameters, and/or host plant availability. Samplings were done in an intercropping system, in the Brazilian Savanna, during the new moon cycles between July/2013 and June/2016. Species were recorded all year round, but demonstrated differently non-uniform distribution, being concentrated in different seasons of the year. Population fluctuations were mostly affected by the ENSO intensity, despite the contrasting seasonal meteorological variation or host plant availability in a 400-m radius. Studies involving the observation of supra-annual phenomena, although rare, reach similar conclusions in relation to Neotropical insect fauna. Therefore, it is paramount to have long-term sampling studies to obtain a more precise response of the pest populations towards the agroecosystem conditions.

Exoskeleton Morphology of Three Species of Preponini, with Discussion of Morphological Similarities among Neotropical Charaxinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)-I. Head, Cephalic Appendages, and Cervix.

The present study compares the morphology of the head, appendages, and cervical region of three species of the butterflies Archaeoprepona demophon demophon (Linnaeus, 1758), Archaeoprepona licomedes licomedes (Cramer, 1777), and Prepona pylene pylene Hewitson, [1854], through descriptions, illustrations, and scanning electron micrographs. The results are compared with Prepona claudina annetta (Gray, 1832), Memphis moruus stheno Hübner, [1819], and Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850), showing unique characteristics for each species and/or genus, or characteristics shared among the species analyzed. The detailed morphology of these three species was previouslyunknown.

Exoskeleton Morphology of Three Species of Preponini, with Discussion of Morphological Similarities among Neotropical Charaxinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)-II. Thorax and Thoracic Appendages.

The present report, the second part of a study of the external morphology of Preponini, compares the thorax and thoracic appendages of Archaeoprepona demophon demophon (Linnaeus, 1758), Archaeoprepona licomedes licomedes (Cramer, 1777) and Prepona pylene pylene Hewitson, [1854], through descriptions and illustrations. The results are compared with three other species, Prepona claudina annetta (Gray, 1832), Memphis moruus stheno Hübner, [1819] and Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850), revealing previously unrecognized similarities among species of Charaxinae.

Exoskeleton Morphology of Three Species of Preponini, with Discussion of Morphological Similarities among Neotropical Charaxinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae)-III. Abdomen and Genitalia.

The present paper is the final part of a study of the external morphology of Preponini, which compares the abdomen and genitalia of Archaeoprepona demophon demophon (Linnaeus, 1758), Archaeoprepona licomedes licomedes (Cramer, 1777) and Prepona pylene pylene Hewitson, [1854], through descriptions and illustrations. The results are compared with three other species, Prepona claudina annetta (Gray, 1832), Memphis moruus stheno Hübner, [1819] and Zaretis itys itylus (Westwood, 1850). The abdomen is commonly the most informative tagma for butterflies. In Charaxinae, this tagma supports diagnoses of both genera and species, besides providing a solid morphological base for recent molecular findings for Preponini.

Biology and external morphology of the immature stages of the butterfly Callicore pygas eucale, with comments on the taxonomy of the genus Callicore (Nymphalidae: Biblidinae).

The biology and the external morphology of the immature stages of Callicore pygas eucale (Fruhstorfer, 1916) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblidinae) are described. Immatures were collected on Allophylus edulis (Radlkofer) (Sapindales: Sapindaceae) in Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil, and reared in the laboratory. Morphological descriptions and illustrations are given based on observations through electronic, stereoscopic, and optic microscopes, the latter two attached to a camera lucida. Results are compared and discussed with the immature stages of other species of the subtribe Callicorina. Immature stages data provide further evidence that Callicore is paraphyletic and that generic limits within the Callicorina need revision.

Two new species of Esthemopsis C. Felder & R. Felder, 1865 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from southeastern and northeastern Brazil, with taxonomic comments on Esthemopsis teras (Stichel, 1910) stat. rev. and Esthemopsis pallida Lathy, 1932 stat. nov.

Two new species of Esthemopsis C. Felder & R. Felder, 1865 from southeastern and northeastern Brazil are described, Esthemopsis sateri sp. nov. and Esthemopsis diamantina sp. nov., and revised and new combinations are proposed for Esthemopsis teras (Stichel, 1910) stat. rev. and Esthemopsis pallida Lathy, 1932 stat. nov., respectively. Lectotypes are designated for Lepricornis teras Stichel, 1910 and Esthemopsis caerulea pallida Lathy, 1932. The habitus of male and female specimens of the species discussed are illustrated; male head and labial palpus pictures, male and female genitalia illustrations are provided.

A new species of Aricoris Westwood, [1851] belonging to "chilensis" group (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae).

A new species of Riodinidae from the grasslands of South Brazil, Paraguay and Argentina, Aricoris schneideri sp. nov., is described.

Male genitalia of neotropical Charaxinae: a comparative analysis of character variation.

Charaxinae (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae) has a worldwide distribution, although it occurs mainly between the tropics. Most species occur in the Neotropics, where three tribes, Preponini, Anaeomorphini, and Anaenini, can be found. Collectively, these three tribes encompass 109 species. Because of its relevance to systematics and taxonomy, the male genitalia of Lepidoptera have been extensively studied. The male genitalia are composed of the last two abdominal segments and their modifications for mating, known as claspers of the bodies. In order to improve upon the systematic classification of the subfamily, 31 species of 13 genera of Neotropical Charaxinae were analyzed. All characters relevant to species and generic taxonomy were analyzed. Most structures showed morphological variations among tribes, genera, and species. These variations demonstrated to be important to Preponini, because the structural patterns of the genitalia allow the separation in two groups, Prepona Boisduval and Archaeoprepona Fruhstorfer, and are in accord with the recent taxonomic classification proposed by Ortiz-Acevado and Willmott ( 2013 ), wherein Agrias Doubleday is synonymized in Prepona and Noreppa Rydon within Archaeoprepona. In the same way, Anaeomorpha splendida Rothschild showed considerable differences from Preponini's genera, the tribe in which it was included, confirming the revalidation of the tribe Anaeomorphini ( Ortiz-Acevado and Willmott 2013 ). Substantial variation was found in the genital structures of Anaeini, making it difficult to establish structural patterns for this group. Such structural variation, however, may be very efficient to diagnose species, such as some species of Memphis Hübner and Fountainea Rydon, which can be easily identified through the presence and location of spines on the valva.

New species of Mesenopsis Godman & Salvin, 1886 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Symmachiini) from southeastern Brazil, with an illustrated key to the genus.

A new species, Mesenopsis jordana sp. nov., from southeastern Brazilian states of Minas Gerais, Rio de Janeiro, and São Paulo is described and a taxonomic dichotomous key for species of the genus Mesenopsis is provided. Additionally, mimetic models for species of Mesenopsis are suggested and a new distribution record for M. albivitta is provided.

Revision of the genus Stichelia Zikán (Riodinidae: Riodininae: Symmachiini), with the description of a new species from southern Brazil.

A new species from southern Brazil, Stichelia catarinensis sp. nov., is described and lectotypes for Charis dukinfieldia Schaus, 1902 and Phaenochitonia bocchoris suavis Stichel, 1911 are designated. Phaenochitonia bocchoris suavis Stichel, 1911 syn. nov. is considered synonymous with Amarynthis bocchoris Hewitson, 1876. Two species groups are recognized: "cuneifascia" species group, including S. cuneifascia and S. catarinensis sp. nov., and "bocchoris" species group, including S. bocchoris, S. dukinfieldia and S. pelotensis. Additionally, a taxonomic dichotomous key and morphologic illustration for the species of the genus are provided.

A review of the South American metalmark genus Alesa Doubleday, 1847 (Lepidoptera: Riodinidae: Eurybiini) with the description of two new species.

The taxonomy of the South American metalmark butterflies of the genus Alesa Doubleday, 1847 is reviewed. A new taxonomic arrangement for Alesa is supported after the analysis of about 600 specimens, including the recognition of two new species, described herein, A. juliae sp. nov. and A. mariae sp. nov.. Alesa negra Röber, 1931, so far recognized as a junior subjective synonym of A. telephae (Boisduval, 1836), is here recognized as a valid species (stat. rev.) and A. amethystina Gallard & Fernandez, 2015 as a junior subjective synonym (syn. nov.) of A. negra, and A. fournierae Lathy, 1958 is recognized as a junior subjective synonym (syn. nov.) of A. amesis (Cramer, 1777). Neotypes are designated for Papilio amesis Cramer, 1777, Erycina prema Godart, [1824] and Mimocastinia egeria Biedermann, 1936. Lectotypes are designated for Erycina priolas Godart, [1824], Eurybia telephae Boisduval, 1836, A. smaragdifera Westwood, 1851, A. lipara Bates, 1868, A. hemiurga Bates, 1868, A. thelydrias Bates, 1868, and Mimocastnia rothschildi Seitz, 1913. Three previously established species groups are here supported by morphological characters including the following species, "prema group": A. prema, A. esmeralda Salazar & Constantino, 2007, A. beneluzi Gallard & Fernandez, 2015, A. rothschildi and A. juliae sp. nov.; "telephae group": A. telephae, A. humilis Brévignon, 2015, A. negra stat. rev. and A. suzana Ahrenholz & Hall, 2010; and "amesis group": A. amesis, A. mariae sp. nov., A. lipara Bates, 1867, A. hemiurga Bates, 1867 and A. thelydrias Bates, 1867. Adults and their genitalia are illustrated for all species available to examination. The main diagnostic characters used to distinguish the species belonging to the "amesis group" are illustrated, and pictures of adults images in situ and distribution maps are provided. Additionally, all species are diagnosed and discussed based on their morphology.

Natural history and morphology of immature stages of Tolype medialis (Jones, 1912) (Lepidoptera: Lasiocampidae: Macromphaliinae).

Lasiocampidae belongs to superfamily Lasiocampoidea and contains more than a thousand species nearly distributed worldwide. Despite the great species richness and wide distribution, this group has internal phylogenetic relationships still little explored and with few studies on the morphology and biology of its immatures. This study describes the immature stages of the neotropical species Tolype medialis (Jones, 1912), focusing on the morphology and natural history. The eggs of T. medialis are oviposited freely inside a conical structure, and the larvae showed gregarious behavior in all instars. The seventh and eighth instar bear a pair of abdominal rounded flattened reddish brown glands on the segments A1, A2, A7, and A8 that produce a wax-like secretion that covers the pupae and the internal walls of the cocoon. In order to add information to the Lasiocampidae family, we compare and discuss these and other traits from the morphology and natural history of T. medialis immatures.

Immature stages of the Neotropical butterfly, Dynamine agacles agacles.

The external morphology of the immature stages of Dynamine agacles agacles (Dalman, 1823) (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Biblidinae) is described, including photos, drawings, and scanning electron micrographs. Data on the adult and larval behavior are given based on observations in the host plant Dalechampia triphylla Lam. (Malpighiales : Euphorbiaceae). The results are compared and discussed with other described species of Biblidinae, allowing to make further observations on the natural history and evolution of Dynamine.

Immature stages of the Neotropical cracker butterfly, Hamadryas epinome.

The external morphology of the immature stages of Hamadryas epinome (C. Felder & R. Felder, 1867) (Lepidoptera : Nymphalidae : Biblidinae) is described, including drawings, photos and scanning electron micrographs.

Systematics of Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae, Satyrinae, Brassolini): an integrative approach.

Opsiphanes Doubleday, [1849] (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Brassolini) is an exclusively Neotropical genus, occurring from Argentina to Mexico. Until the present study, Opsiphanes was considered to contain 14 species, 60 subspecies, and 38 synonyms. The considerable phenotypic variation of species and subspecies of the genus has affected the taxonomy of the group by causing the proliferation of several names that have been proposed to represent their diversity, taxa that have often not been adequately described and/or delimited. The present study analyzed information on the immature stages and morphology, with molecular data and distribution data, in order to provide revised taxonomic hypotheses for Opsiphanes species and subspecies. These analyses of approximately 5,500 specimens and all species known for the genus made it possible to define two groups: "cassiae" and "quiteria". The "quiteria" group was subdivided into seven subgroups: "boisduvallii", "camena", "zelotes", "sallei", "quiteria", "fabricii", and "invirae". The statuses of three species and two subespecies are reinstated: Opsiphanes badius Stichel, 1902 stat. rest., Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 stat. rest., Opsiphanes merianae Stichel, 1902 stat. rest., Opsiphanes bogotanus castaneus Stichel, 1904 stat. rest. and Opsiphanes badius cauca Röber, 1906 stat. rest. Six subspecies are here treated as species: Opsiphanes mexicana Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., Opsiphanes zelus Stichel, 1908 stat. nov., Opsiphanes farrago Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., Opsiphanes barkeri Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., Opsiphanes caliensis Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., and Opsiphanes cuspidatus Stichel, 1904 stat. nov. One subjective synonym is treated as a valid subspecies: Opsiphanes invirae pernambucoensis Bristow, 1991 stat. rev. One species is treated as a subspecies: Opsiphanes cassiae tamarindi C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 stat. nov. Eight new statuses are proposed: Opsiphanes cassiae incolumis Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., Opsiphanes cassiae tamarindi C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 stat. nov., Opsiphanes badius angostura Bristow, 1979 stat. nov., Opsiphanes fabricii camposi Bristow, 1991 stat. nov., Opsiphanes fabricii numatius Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov., Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov., Opsiphanes periphetes Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov., and Opsiphanes cuspidatus relucens Fruhstorfer, 1907 stat. nov. Seven subjective synonyms are reinstated: Opsiphanes crameri C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes cassiae cassiae (Linnaeus, 1758); Opsiphanes tamarindi latifascia Rothschild, 1916 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes cassiae incolumis Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes erebus Röber, 1927 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis Staudinger, 1887; Opsiphanes cassina aequatorialis Stichel, 1902 syn. rest., Opsiphanes invirae pseudophilon Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. rest., Opsiphanes invirae remoliatus Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. rest., and Opsiphanes invirae agasthenes Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. rest. of Opsiphanes invirae invirae (Hübner, [1808]). Twenty-five new synonyms are proposed: Pavonia Godart [1824] syn. nov. of Bia Hübner, [1819]; Opsiphanes bogotanus phrataphernes Fruhstorfer, 1912 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes bogotanus blandini Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes bogotanus bogotanus Distant, 1875; Opsiphanes cassiae alajuela Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes bogotanus castaneus Stichel, 1904 stat. rest.; Opsiphanes cassiae rubigatus Stichel, 1904 syn. nov., Opsiphanes cassiae strophios Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes tamarindi xiphos Fruhstorfer, 1907 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes cassiae cassiae (Linnaeus, 1758); Opsiphanes tamarindi corrosus Stichel, 1904 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes tamarindi kleisthenes Fruhstorfer, 1912 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes cassiae tamarindi C. Felder & R. Felder, 1861 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes mutatus parodizi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes farrago Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes sallei kennerleyi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes sallei colombiana Bristow, 1991; Opsiphanes quiteria talamancensis Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881 stat. rest.; Opsiphanes quiteria quaestor Stichel, 1902 syn. nov., Opsiphanes quiteria bolivianus Stichel, 1902 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes quiteria cardenasi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes quiteria quiteria (Stoll, 1780); Opsiphanes quiteria phylas Fruhstorfer, 1912 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes quiteria quirinalis Staudinger, 1887; Opsiphanes cassina chiriquensis Stichel, 1902 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes fabricii fabricii (Boisduval, 1870); Opsiphanes cassina milesi Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes merianae notanda Stichel, 1904 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes cassina aucotti Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes periphetes Fruhstorfer, 1912 stat. nov.; Opsiphanes cassina C. Felder & R. Felder, 1862 syn. nov., Opsiphanes invirae intermedius Stichel, 1902 syn. nov., Opsiphanes invirae amplificatus Stichel, 1904 syn. nov., Opsiphanes sticheli Röber, 1906 syn. nov., Opsiphanes invirae roraimaensis Bristow, 1991 syn. nov., and Opsiphanes invirae sieberti Bristow, 1991 syn. nov. of Opsiphanes invirae invirae (Hübner, [1808]). To ensure unambiguous identification of names, nine neotypes were designated for: Opsiphanes bogotanus Distant, 1875, Opsiphanes aurivillii Röber, 1906, Papilio glycerie Fabricius, 1787, Opsiphanes zelotes zelus Stichel, 1908, Opsiphanes badius var. cauca Röber, 1906, Opsiphanes erebus Röber, 1927, Potamis invirae Hübner, [1808], Opsiphanes sticheli Röber, 1906, and Opsiphanes invirae ledon Fruhstorfer, 1912; and nine lectotypes for: Opsiphanes bogotanus phrataphernes Fruhstorfer, 1912, Opsiphanes tamarindi cherocles Fruhstorfer, 1912, Caligo tamarindi Boisduval, 1870, Opsiphanes sallei nicandrus Fruhstorfer, 1912, Opsiphanes quiteria augeias Fruhstorfer, 1912, Opsiphanes quirinus Godman & Salvin, 1881, Opsiphanes quiteria var. meridionalis Staudinger, 1887, Opsiphanes quiteria oresbios Fruhstorfer, 1912, and Opsiphanes quiteria phylas Fruhstorfer, 1912, . The present taxonomic scheme proposed for Opsiphanes includes 23 species, 23 subspecies, and 69 synonyms.

Revalidation of Yphthimoides inornata (Hayward, 1962 (Lepidoptera: Nymphalidae: Satyrinae: Satyrini: Euptychiina) based on morphological and molecular data with description of the immature stages.

Yphthimoides inornata (Hayward, 1962) stat. rev., currently regarded as a nomen dubium and synonym of Yphthimoides yphthima (C. Felder R. Felder, 1867) has its status revalidated based on morphological characters and the DNA barcode. Images of the male and female, including their genitalia, information on the distribution, habitat, and immature stages are provided.

Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical Augiades Hbner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae).

The Neotropical skipper genus Augiades Hbner, [1819] (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae) is revised. Neotypes are designated for Hesperia vespasius Fabricius, 1793, and Phareas epimethea Pltz, 1883. Lectotypes are designated for Papilio crinisus Cramer, 1780, and Lignyostola crinisus var. bicolor Mabille Boullet, 1919. Illustrations of adults and male and female genitalia, distribution maps, and an identification keys are provided for all taxa.

Global Potential Distribution of the South American Cutworm Pest Agrotis robusta (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae).

Invasive pest species can represent significant losses to the agricultural economy of a country. Assessing the potential distribution of known pest species could be an important tool to evaluate possible invasive threats globally. Agrotis robusta (Blanchard) is an endemic species of temperate areas of South America considered an important pest of seedlings of sunflower, dry bean, and potatoes. The polyphagous habit of A. robusta, along with its regional importance and history of misidentifications, makes it a species of concern for other regions of the world. In this work, we assessed the potential distribution of A. robusta with Maxent based on occurrence data and variables related to climate and soil. The bioclimate profile of the species showed a marked seasonality and medium average monthly temperature, coinciding with the temperate climate of the Köppen-Geiger classification. Other important variables related to the species distribution included average solar radiation and soil pH. Suitable conditions were identified in North America, Central America, Europe, Southern Africa, Asia, and Australia. High suitable places overlapped with some of the most important countries of production of host crops of A. robusta. Our conclusions highlight the importance of taking this species into account when importing goods from countries with the presence of A. robusta, especially for countries that are important producers of host crops.

Taxonomic revision of the monotypic genera of Siculodini (Lepidoptera, Thyridoidea, Thyrididae, Siculodinae).

Four monotypic genera of the tribe Siculodini are revised and adults and their genitalia illustrated for both sexes. Hepialodes Guenée, 1858, Iza Walker, 1865 and Loxiorhiza Warren, 1904 were originally described to include only one species each and they have not been subject to taxonomic revision since that time. From our study, Meskea Grote, 1877, previously with two species, becomes the monobasic Meskea horror Dyar, 1913 syn. nov. of Meskea dyspteraria Grote, 1877. These genera occur in South America, and of these only Meskea extends to the southern North America. Lectotypes are designated for Hepialodes follicula Guenée, 1858, Siculodes nubecula Guenée, 1858 and Zeuzerodes (Siculodes) cervinalis Pagenstecher, 1892.

Taxonomic revision of the Neotropical genus Telemiades Hübner, [1819 (Lepidoptera: Hesperiidae: Eudaminae), with descriptions of fourteen new species.

Telemiades Hübner, [1819] is currently comprised of 22 species and 14 subspecies distributed exclusively in the neotropics. The genus is defined by the morphological pattern of the uncus, apiculus, labial palpi and venation. However, some species have a uniform pattern of coloration making it difficult to establish their correct identity in some cases. The aims of the present study were to present a taxonomic revision of Telemiades Hübner, [1819] in order to provide a stable taxonomic hypothesis for the group, to describe the new species and to present diagnoses to help in species identification. According to the present study, Telemiades is now composed of 41 species. Fourteen new species are recognized and described. Three subspecies are here treated as valid species: T. marpesus (Hewitson, 1876) stat. rest., T. misitheus Mabille, 1888 stat. rest. and T. pekahia (Hewitson, 1868) stat. rest. Two synonyms are treated as valid species: T. insulsus (Draudt, 1922), stat. rev. and T. xantho Hayward, 1939 stat. rev. Five new synonyms are proposed: Plesioneura lamus Mabille, 1888 syn. nov. and Telemiades antiope tosca Evans, 1953 syn. nov. of T. antiope (Plötz, 1882), Echelatus punctatus Mabille Boullet, 1917 syn. nov. of T. epicalus Hübner, [1819], Proteides nicola Plötz, 1882 syn. nov. of T. laogonus (Hewitson, 1876) and Eudamus phlius Plötz, 1881 syn. nov. of T. nicomedes (Möschler, 1879). To provide stability for existing names, six neotypes were designated for: Proteides amphion Geyer, 1832, Plesioneura compressa Möschler, 1877, Papilio avitus Stoll, 1781, Telegonus mygdon Möschler, 1877, Proteides aesopus Plötz, 1882 and Papilio corbulo Stoll, 1781; and 19 lectotypes for: Aethilla buffumi Weeks, 1906, Eudamus marpesus Hewitson, 1876, Telemiades misitheus Mabille, 1888, Pterygospidea pekahia Hewitson, 1868, Telemiades lurideolus Mabille, 1877, Eudamus laogonus Hewitson, 1876, Eudamus penidas Hewitson, 1867, Telemiades ceramina Herrich-Schäffer, 1869, Telemiades megalloides Schaus, 1902, Pythonides hoyti Weeks, 1906, Eudamus praestes Hewitson, 1876, Telemiades epicalus Hübner, [1819], Eudamus phasias Hewitson, 1867, Telemiades arcturus Herrich-Schäffer, 1869, Echelatus punctatus Mabille Boullet, 1917, Eudamus centrites Hewitson, 1870, Telegonus gallius Mabille, 1888, Telegonus nicomedes Möschler, 1879, and Arteurotia meris Plötz, 1886.