Electroencephalography microstates highlight specific mindfulness traits.

The present study aimed to investigate the spontaneous dynamics of large-scale brain networks underlying mindfulness as a dispositional trait, through resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) microstates analysis. Eighteen participants had attended a standardized mindfulness-based stress reduction training (MBSR), and 18 matched waitlist individuals (CTRL) were recorded at rest while they were passively exposed to auditory stimuli. Participants' mindfulness traits were assessed with the Five Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ). To further explore the relationship between microstate dynamics at rest and mindfulness traits, participants were also asked to rate their experience according to five phenomenal dimensions. After training, MBSR participants showed a highly significant increase in FFMQ score, as well as higher observing and non-reactivity FFMQ sub-scores than CTRL participants. Microstate analysis revealed four classes of microstates (A-D) in global clustering across all subjects. The MBSR group showed lower duration, occurrence and coverage of microstate C than the control group. Moreover, these microstate C parameters were negatively correlated to non-reactivity sub-scores of FFMQ across participants, whereas the microstate A occurrence was negatively correlated to FFMQ total score. Further analysis of participants' self-reports suggested that MBSR participants showed a better sensory-affective integration of auditory interferences. In line with previous studies, our results suggest that temporal dynamics of microstate C underlie specifically the non-reactivity trait of mindfulness. These findings encourage further research into microstates in the evaluation and monitoring of the impact of mindfulness-based interventions on the mental health and well-being of individuals.

DFTB+, a software package for efficient approximate density functional theory based atomistic simulations.

DFTB+ is a versatile community developed open source software package offering fast and efficient methods for carrying out atomistic quantum mechanical simulations. By implementing various methods approximating density functional theory (DFT), such as the density functional based tight binding (DFTB) and the extended tight binding method, it enables simulations of large systems and long timescales with reasonable accuracy while being considerably faster for typical simulations than the respective ab initio methods. Based on the DFTB framework, it additionally offers approximated versions of various DFT extensions including hybrid functionals, time dependent formalism for treating excited systems, electron transport using non-equilibrium Green's functions, and many more. DFTB+ can be used as a user-friendly standalone application in addition to being embedded into other software packages as a library or acting as a calculation-server accessed by socket communication. We give an overview of the recently developed capabilities of the DFTB+ code, demonstrating with a few use case examples, discuss the strengths and weaknesses of the various features, and also discuss on-going developments and possible future perspectives.

Técnica quirúrgica con Zigoma quad con carga inmediata en maxilar atrófico: a propósito de un caso / Surgical technique with quad Zygoma with immediate loading in an atrophic maxilla: a case report

Introducción: En la actualidad existen técnicas quirúrgicas predecibles y reproducibles para los tratamientos en pacientes con atrofias de rebordes maxilares, los implantes cigomáticos son unas de las alternativas. El trabajo interdisciplinario entre el rehabilitador oral y el cirujano maxilofacial es fundamental para el éxito de la rehabilitación del paciente. El presente caso clínico reporta un paciente de sexo femenino de 60 años, sin antecedentes médicos, donde se observa en el conebean atrofia del reborde alveolar por lo que se planifica cuatro implantes cigomáticos. Objetivo: El objetivo del informe clínico es mostrar una alternativa de tratamiento quirúrgico implantologico en paciente con maxilar atrofiado. Resultados: Los resultados demostraron la eficacia de los implantes cigomáticos en pacientes edéntulos con atrofia del reborde alveolar más la colocación de una prótesis inmediata. Conclusión: Unas de las alternativas de tratamiento en maxilares con rebordes atróficos son la colocación de implantes cigomáticos junto a una buena planificación digital. varios estudios han descrito que la tasa de éxito de estos implantes es muy alta, debido a que la técnica es segura, reproducible y genera alta satisfacción en los pacientes. (AU)

Introduction: At present there are predictable and reproducible surgical techniques for treatments in patients with maxillary rim atrophy, zygomatic implants are one of the alternatives. The interdisciplinary work between the oral rehabilitator and the maxillofacial surgeon is fundamental for the success of the patient's rehabilitation. The present clinical case reports a 60 year old female patient, with no medical history, where atrophy of the alveolar ridge was observed in the conebean and four zygomatic implants were planned. Objective: The objective of the clinical report is to show an alternative implantological surgical treatment in a patient with atrophied maxilla. Results: The results demonstrated the efficacy of zygomatic implants in edentulous patients with alveolar ridge atrophy plus immediate prosthesis placement. Conclusion: One of the treatment alternatives in maxillae with atrophic rims is the placement of zygomatic implants together with a good digital planning. Several studies have described that the success rate of these implants is very high, due to the fact that the technique is safe, reproducible and generates high patient satisfaction, (AU)

Complicación en la colocación de implante dental con compromiso de nervio dentario inferior reporte de caso clínico, seguimiento de 3 años / Complication in the placement of dental implants with compromise of the inferior dental nerve clinical case report, 3-year follow-up

Introducción: Los accidentes o complicaciones durante la colocación de implantes dentales a pesar de la planeación quirúrgica deben ser manejados de manera inmediata y oportuna. Objetivo: Recomendar el mejor protocolo para manejar la lesión del nervio dentario inferior consecuencia de la colocación de implante dentario. Caso Clínico: Paciente asiste a clínica privada pararecibir atención odontológica de especialidad, edad 67 años, sexo femenino, presenta hipertensión arterial, resistencia a la insulina, premedicada con Hidronorol T y Metformina. Paciente informa deexodoncia de cuatro molares, colocaron inmediata de cuatro implantes dentales, sintió un adormecimiento del mentón con la perdida de efecto del anestèsico; 72 horas posterior se procedió a realizar tomografía Cone Bean, observándose implante contactando el nervio dentario inferior, planificándose de forma inmediata el retiro del implante dental. Resultados: Control a 3, 6, 9 meses, 1 , 2 y 3 años posterior a retiro de implante, aplicación de terapia farmacológica a base de corticoides, aines y vitamina B , con resultados favorables en el tratamiento de la parestesia. Conclusiones: La extracción del implante dental antes de las 72 horas y la terapia farmacológica adecuada resulto exitosa en el tratamiento de la lesión del nervio dentario inferior. (AU)

Introduction: Accidents or complications during the placement of dental implants despite surgical planning should be handled immediately and in a timely manner. Objective: To recommend the best protocol to manage the injury of the inferior dental nerve resulting from the placement of dental implant. Clinical Case: Patient attends private clinic to receive specialty dental care, age 67 years, female, presents arterial hypertension, insulin resistance, premedicated with Hydronorol T and Metformin. Pacientereports exodontics of four molars, immediate placement of four dental implants, felt a numbness of the chin with the loss of effct of the anesthetic; 72 hours later proceeded to perform Tomography Cone Bean, observing implant contacting the inferior dental nerve, immediately planning the removal of the dental implant. Results: Control at 3, 6, 9 months, 1, 2 and 3 years after implant removal, application of pharmacological therapy based on corticosteroids, NSAIDs and vitamin B, with favorable results in the treatment of paresthesia. Conclusions: The extraction of the dental implant before 72 hours and the appropriate pharmacological therapy was successful in the treatment of the lesion of the inferior dental nerve. (AU)

Oscillations in the human brain during walking execution, imagination and observation.

Gait is an essential human activity which organizes many functional and cognitive behaviors. The biomechanical constraints of bipedalism implicating a permanent control of balance during gait are taken into account by a complex dialog between the cortical, subcortical and spinal networks. This networking is largely based on oscillatory coding, including changes in spectral power and phase-locking of ongoing neural activity in theta, alpha, beta and gamma frequency bands. This coding is specifically modulated in actual gait execution and representation, as well as in contexts of gait observation or imagination. A main challenge in integrative neuroscience oscillatory activity analysis is to disentangle the brain oscillations devoted to gait control. In addition to neuroimaging approaches, which have highlighted the structural components of an extended network, dynamic high-density EEG gives non-invasive access to functioning of this network. Here we revisit the neurophysiological foundations of behavior-related EEG in the light of current neuropsychological theoretic frameworks. We review different EEG rhythms emerging in the most informative paradigms relating to human gait and implications for rehabilitation strategies.

[Acute respiratory distress syndrome during the 2009 H1N1 influenza A pandemic in Ecuador]. / Síndrome de Distrés Respiratorio Agudo, durante la pandemia de Influenza A H1N1 2009 en Ecuador.

OBJECTIVE: Among the most severe complications caused by the influenza A virus H1N1 pandemic is the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The main objective of this study was to assess mortality after applying a strict protocol of ventilatory management and to describe the clinical characteristics of the patients. DESIGN: A prospective cohort study. SETTING: Intensive care unit (ICU) of the Hospital Enrique Garcés of the City of Quito. PATIENTS: Patients admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of severe pneumonia, ARDS, and high suspicion of influenza A H1N1. PRIMARY VARIABLES OF INTEREST: Demographic variables, severity, diagnostic scores of community-acquired pneumonia, ventilator management protocol and mortality at 28 days, as principal effect of the study, were collected. RESULTS: 24 patients were studied, 100% with a diagnosis of ARDS, mean age 41.1 (+/-14.8). Severe viral pneumonia predominated in these patients, mean APACHE was 18, average PaO(2)/FiO(2) on admission was 74.9, 100% had multisystemic involvement. A total of 91.3% received oseltamivir 150 mg w/12h for 14 days, the mean time between onset of symptoms and antiviral administration was 6.74 days. Intra-ICU mortality was 16.6%, and 28 days was 16.6%. CONCLUSIONS: After applying a strict management protocol for ventilatory management, mortality in this patient group was 16.6. We also stress that obesity and early renal failure were independent risk factors for mortality.

Síndrome de Distrés Respiratorio Agudo, durante la pandemia de Influenza A H1N1 2009 en Ecuador / Acute respiratory distress syndrome during the 2009 H1N1 influenza A pandemic in Ecuador

Objetivo: La pandemia causada por el virus de la influenza A H1N1, entre sus complicaciones más severas esta el síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo. El objetivo principal de esta trabajo fue evaluar la mortalidad luego de aplicar un protocolo estricto de manejo ventilatorio y describir las características clínicas de los pacientes. Diseño: Es un estudio de cohorte prospectivo. Ámbito: UCI del Hospital Enrique Garcés del la Cuidad de Quito. Pacientes: Pacientes ingresados a la UCI con diagnóstico de neumonía grave, síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, y alta sospecha de influenza A H1N1. Principales variables de interés: Se recogieron variables demográficas, de gravedad, scores diagnósticos de neumonía adquirida en la comunidad, protocolo de manejo ventilatorio y mortalidad a los 28 días, como efecto principal del estudio. Resultados: Se estudiaron 24 pacientes, el 100% con diagnóstico de síndrome de distrés respiratorio agudo, media de edad de 41,1 (±14,8). La neumonía viral grave predominó en estos pacientes, la media de APACHE fue 18, la media de PaO2/FiO2 al ingreso fue 74,9, el 100% presentaron compromiso multisistémico. El 91,3% recibieron oseltamivir 150mg c/ 12h durante 14 días, la media entre inicio de síntomas y administración de antiviral fue 6,74 días. La mortalidad intra UCI fue del 16,6% y a los 28 días fue de 16,6%. Conclusiones: Después de la aplicar un protocolo de manejo estricto del manejo ventilatorio, la mortalidad de este grupo de pacientes fue del 16,6%, además destacamos que la obesidad y la falla renal temprana fueron factores de riesgo independiente para mortalidad (AU)

Objective: Among the most severe complications caused by the influenza A virus H1N1 pandemic is the Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome (ARDS). The main objective of this study was to assess mortality after applying a strict protocol of ventilatory management and to describe the clinical characteristics of the patients. Design: A prospective cohort study. Setting: Intensive care unit (ICU) of the Hospital Enrique Garcés of the City of Quito. Patients: Patients admitted to the ICU with a diagnosis of severe pneumonia, ARDS, and high suspicion of influenza A H1N1. Primary variables of interest: Demographic variables, severity, diagnostic scores of community-acquired pneumonia, ventilator management protocol and mortality at 28 days, as principal effect of the study, were collected. Results: 24 patients were studied, 100% with a diagnosis of ARDS, mean age 41.1 (±14.8). Severe viral pneumonia predominated in these patients, mean APACHE was 18, average PaO2/FiO2 on admission was 74.9, 100% had multisystemic involvement. A total of 91.3% received oseltamivir 150mg w/12h for 14 days, the mean time between onset of symptoms and antiviral administration was 6.74 days. Intra-ICU mortality was 16.6%, and 28 days was 16.6%. Conclusions: After applying a strict management protocol for ventilatory management, mortality in this patient group was 16.6. We also stress that obesity and early renal failure were independent risk factors for mortality (AU)

Estudio retrospectivo de sífilis / Retrospective study of sífilis

Presenta una revisión retrospectiva de los pacientes que ingresaron en el Hospital Francisco de Ycaza Bustamante con diagnóstico de sífilis en un período comprendido entre sep. 1985 a dic. 1995. Se obtuvo un total de 38 pacientes con diagnóstico de sifilis al egreso, observándose la mayor incidencia en el año 1980 (18.4xciento). Un 34xciento de los casos se presentaron en la etapa neonatal a 2 años de edad. Hubo predominio en el sexo masculino (29xciento). Con respecto a la procedencia el mayor número de casos (44.7xciento) era de la zona urbana periférica. Las manifestaciones clínicas predominantes fueron hepatomegalia (76.3xciento), anemia (68.4xciento) y lesiones cutáneas (57.8xciento). La sifilis es una enfermedad que dentro de nuestro medio se presenta en la población de residencia urbano-marginal que debido a las condiciones ambientales sociales y de promiscuidad favorecen su propagación...

El cáncer de endometrio en la década de los 90. Análisis de 126 casos / Endometrial cancer in the 90s. Analysis of 126 cases

Propósito: Analizar la casuística y la evolución del cáncer de endometrio en nuestra Área Sanitaria durante la década de los años 90.• Material y métodos: Se trata de un trabajo retrospectivo. Se revisaron 126 casos de cáncer de endometrio diagnosticados entre enero de 1990 y diciembre 1999 en el Hospital Universitario Príncipe de Asturias de Alcalá de Henares. Se utilizó la clasificación anatomo-clínica FIGO-2000.• Resultados: La edad media fue de 60.3 ñ 11.5 años. La histeroscopia y biopsia de endometrio fue el método diagnóstico mas frecuente (89 por ciento), sobre todo a partir del año 1994. En el 97.6 por ciento de los casos se realizó cirugía, recibieron radioterapia el 33 por ciento con un tiempo medio de seguimiento de 56 ñ 20 meses (1-100). La mayoría de los tumores eran diagnosticados en estadio I (74 por ciento). Histológicamente, el 93 por ciento correspondían al tipo endometrioide. Un 13 por ciento de las pacientes presentaban tumores coincidentes, especialmente cáncer de mama. La remisión completa tras el tratamiento inicial se ha obtenido en el 93.6 por ciento de los casos con unas tasas de supervivencia a los 10 años del 79 por ciento.• Conclusiones: La histeroscopia con biopsia de endometrio se ha impuesto como técnica diagnóstica en esta década. La cirugía se mantiene como tratamiento primario primordial, y las tasas de supervivencia, en la actualidad, son elevadas. (AU)

Comparação da secreção de citocinas (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10) entre pacientes com nefropatia da IgA e deficiência de IgA / Comparison of the cytokine secretion (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10) among patients with IgA nephropathy and IgA deficiency

Objetivo: A nefropatia primária da IgA (NIgA) e adeficiência de IgA (DIgA) constituem as formas maiscomuns de glomerulonefrite e de deficiência primáriade anticorpos, respectivamente, despertando interesseespecial o fato de ambas envolverem distúrbios contrastantes da produção da IgA. O objetivo deste trabalho foi comparar os níveis de citocinas possivelmente implicadas na produção da IgA (IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-10) em pacientes com NIgA ou DIgA. Casuística e Métodos: Foram estudados 18 pacientes com NIgA (hematúria microscópica e proteinúria persistente ou intermitente e biópsia renal percutânea com depósito de IgA em mesângio glomerular detectado por imunofluorescência), sendo nove do gênero masculino e nove do feminino, com média de idade de 33,2 anos; 17 pacientes com DIgA (níveis séricos de IgA menores do que 7 mg/dL e níveis normais ou elevados de IgG e IgM), sendo 13 do gênero masculino e quatro do feminino, com média de idade de 25,5 anos; dez voluntários sadios (dois do gênero masculino e oito do feminino com média de idade de 30,7 anos). As citocinas foram quantificadas por método imunoenzimático em sobrenadante de cultura de PMBC após 48 horas de estímulo com fitohemaglutinina . Resultados: Foram observados: 1) níveis elevadosde IL-5 e de IL-10 e baixos de IL-6 em pacientes com NIgA em relação aos pacientes com DIgA e controlessadios; 2) níveis semelhantes de IL-4 em ambos gruposde pacientes e mais elevados na NIgA em comparaçãoaos controles sadios; 3) níveis similares de todasas citocinas testadas em pacientes com DIgA e controlessadios. Conclusões: Os níveis elevados de IL-5 encontrados na NIgA reforçam a importância desta citocina na síntese de IgA, cujos níveis séricos estão aumentados em aproximadamente 50 per cent dos casos; os níveis elevados de IL-4 e IL-5 encontrados nestes pacientes sugerem que estas duas citocinas possam estar envolvidas na glicosilação da IgA e seu conseqüente depósito em mesângio renal; os níveis elevados de IL-10 e baixos de IL-6 observados em pacientes com NIgA reforçam a hipótese de que a IL-10 esteja implicada na síntese da IgA em humanos e sugerem que esta citocina possa desempenhar um papel regulador sobre a produção deIL-6.