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1.
Poult Sci ; 91(8): 1899-907, 2012 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22802184

ABSTRACT

The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Carnobacterium divergens AS7 bacteriocin (divercin AS7) on growth performance, digestibility, fermentation processes, selected microbial populations, and histomorphology in broiler chickens challenged with a mixture of 3 Clostridium perfringens isolates. In total, 480 one-day-old male Ross 308 chicks were randomly assigned to 4 experimental groups (12 replicate pens of 10 birds per treatment). The diets were either nonsupplemented or supplemented with a lyophilized preparation of divercin AS7. On d 18, 19, and 20, half of the birds were challenged twice a day with the C. perfringens mixture. The C. perfringens challenge did not influence broiler BW gain but impaired feed conversion ratio from d 29 to 42 (P=0.023) and throughout the experimental period (P=0.038). Moreover, the C. perfringens challenge resulted in decreased pH levels of crop, gizzard, and ileum contents (P<0.05) and reduced the numbers of lactic acid bacteria in the ceca (P=0.01). Divercin supplementation decreased broiler feed intake from d 14 to 28 (P=0.001) but increased BW gain from d 29 to 42 (P=0.048). The divercin supplementation increased the AMEn level (P=0.015) and reduced digesta pH in crop and ileum (P=0.004 and P=0.042, respectively), but of nonchallenged birds only. Divercin supplementation, moreover, increased gizzard lactate concentrations (P=0.003). The crop concentrations of lactate and succinate and the ileum concentration of lactate were increased by divercin supplementation (P=0.005, P=0.027, and P=0.002, respectively) and C. perfringens challenge (P=0.034, P=0.053, and P=0.0002, respectively). Divercin supplementation decreased villus heights (P=0.0006) and crypt depths (P=0.044) in noninfected birds, whereas in challenged birds, villus heights (P<0.0001) were increased. In conclusion, the present study demonstrated a very complex response pattern of broilers exposed to C. perfringens challenge and dietary divercin AS7 supplementation, but it indicated that divercin AS7 may partly counterbalance the negative effects associated with C. perfringens.


Subject(s)
Bacteriocins/pharmacology , Carnobacterium/metabolism , Chickens/microbiology , Clostridium Infections/veterinary , Clostridium perfringens , Animal Feed/analysis , Animals , Bacteriocins/chemistry , Bacteriocins/metabolism , Chickens/growth & development , Clostridium Infections/microbiology , Clostridium Infections/prevention & control , Diet/veterinary , Dietary Fats/metabolism , Dietary Supplements , Freeze Drying , Gastrointestinal Contents/chemistry , Gastrointestinal Contents/microbiology , Hydrogen-Ion Concentration , Male
2.
Sci Rep ; 11(1): 737, 2021 Jan 12.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33436945

ABSTRACT

This paper discusses the use of nanomaterials for the improved performance of time-of-flight particle detectors based on secondary electron emission (SEE). The purpose of the research presented in this paper is to find a nanomaterial that has a higher SEE than gold. In this article, we present a measurement of the SEE properties from 1D (one-dimensional) nanostructures of ZnO and ZnO/GaN (ZnO with GaN coating) composed of a mostly regular pattern of nanotubes grown on a thin Si3N4 substrate. The study was performed with 4.77 meV/u Au beam. We observed an average increase of 2.5 in the SEE properties from the 1D ZnO nanotubes compared to gold.

3.
Anal Chem ; 82(7): 3038-44, 2010 Apr 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-20218700

ABSTRACT

Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy has gained considerable attention among the forensic scientists because it shows high sensitivity and selectivity and offers near real time detection of analyzed samples. However, the amount of obtained information due to complexity of the measured spectra forces the use of additional data processing. Application of the multivariate statistical techniques for the analysis of the FT-IR data seems to be necessary in order to enable feature extraction, proper evaluation, and identification of obtained spectra. In this article, an attempt to develop a feasible procedure for characterization of spectroscopic signatures of the explosive materials in the remnants after explosion has been made. All spectra were derived after analysis of samples from debris after especially prepared and performed blasts with the use of three various highly explosive materials: C-4, 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT), and pentaerythritol tetranitrate (PETN). Two well-known multivariate statistical methods, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA) and principal component analysis (PCA), were tested in order to classify the samples into separate classes using a broad wavelength data range (4000-600 cm(-1)) on collected spectra sets. After many trials it seems that PCA is the best choice for the mentioned earlier tasks. It was found that only three principal components carry over 99.6% of variance within the sample set. The results show that FT-IR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate methods is well-suited for identification and differentiation purposes even in quite large data sets, and for that reason forensic laboratories could employ these methods for rapid screening analysis.

4.
J Physiol Pharmacol ; 71(1)2020 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32554849

ABSTRACT

Endometriosis, the presence of ectopic endometrium, has an unclear etiology and is commonly associated with endocrine, genetic, and immunological imbalance. This study determined whether immunomodulation by the RESAN vaccine could alter the potentially pathogenic gene expression profiles in the cells of the eutopic endometrium in an animal model of endometriosis. Preventing these changes could inhibit the early development of the illness and support the success of surgical treatment. Wistar rats were divided into three groups: prophylaxis (vaccinated before ectopic endometrium implantation, n = 23), therapeutic (vaccinated at the time of the ectopic excision, n = 23) and control (n = 10). During the first laparotomy, autotransplantation of the endometrium to the peritoneum was performed in the prophylaxis and therapeutic groups. The second laparotomy was carried out three months later in all groups to examine endometriotic foci and adhesions. Suspected endometriosis foci were removed. Three months later, the third laparotomy was performed in all animals, followed by suspected foci excision. Fragments of the eutopic endometrium were collected from all animals during the first and third laparotomies. All samples were analysed by real-time PCR to assess the expression of Bcl2, Bax, Bax/Bcl2 ratio, Mki67, and Tert genes. Endometrial foci were found in abdominal peritoneum at the second laparotomy in 1 animal in the prophylaxis group, compared to 16 animals in the therapeutic group. The prophylaxis group showed a high expression of Bax while the therapeutic group showed high expression of Bax, Tert and Mki67 genes. Additional analysis revealed that throughout the six months of the experiment, the expression of the Bax, Tert, and Mki67 genes decreased significantly in the prophylaxis group, Mki67 gene expression decreased in the therapeutic group, and Tert, Mki67, and Bcl2 gene expression decreased in the control group. The results indicate that immunomodulation affects the balance between apoptosis and proliferation in the eutopic endometrium and may prevent the onset and recurrence of endometriosis.


Subject(s)
Cancer Vaccines/administration & dosage , Endometriosis/immunology , Endometriosis/prevention & control , Immunomodulation/drug effects , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/physiology , Chickens , Endometriosis/metabolism , Endometrium/drug effects , Endometrium/immunology , Endometrium/metabolism , Female , Immunomodulation/physiology , Rats , Rats, Wistar
5.
Med Phys ; 46(12): 5478-5487, 2019 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31574166

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Propagation-based phase-contrast computed tomography (PB-CT) is a method for three-dimensional x-ray imaging that utilizes refraction, as well as absorption, of x rays in the tissues to increase the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) in the resultant images, in comparison with equivalent conventional absorption-only x-ray tomography (CT). Importantly, the higher SNR is achieved without sacrificing spatial resolution or increasing the radiation dose delivered to the imaged tissues. The present work has been carried out in the context of the current development of a breast CT imaging facility at the Australian Synchrotron. METHODS: Seven unfixed complete mastectomy samples with and without breast cancer lesions have been imaged using absorption-only CT and PB-CT techniques under controlled experimental conditions. The radiation doses delivered to the mastectomy samples during the scans were comparable to those approved for mammographic screening. Physical characteristics of the reconstructed images, such as spatial resolution and SNR, have been measured and compared with the results of the radiological quality assessment of the complete absorption CT and PB-CT image stacks. RESULTS: Despite the presence of some image artefacts, the PB-CT images have outperformed comparable absorption CT images collected at the same radiation dose, in terms of both the measured objective image characteristics and the radiological image scores. The outcomes of these experiments are shown to be consistent with predictions of the theory of PB-CT imaging and previous reported experimental studies of this imaging modality. CONCLUSIONS: The results presented in this paper demonstrate that PB-CT holds a high potential for improving on the quality and diagnostic value of images obtained using existing medical x-ray technologies, such as mammography and digital breast tomosynthesis (DBT). If implemented at suitable synchrotron imaging facilities, PB-CT can be used to complement existing imaging modalities, leading to more accurate breast cancer diagnosis.


Subject(s)
Mastectomy , Synchrotrons , Tomography, X-Ray Computed/instrumentation , Breast/diagnostic imaging , Breast/surgery , Female , Humans , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
6.
Talanta ; 186: 337-345, 2018 Aug 15.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29784370

ABSTRACT

Lung cancer has the highest mortality rate of all malignant tumours. The current effects of cancer treatment, as well as its diagnostics, are unsatisfactory. Therefore it is very important to introduce modern diagnostic tools, which will allow for rapid classification of lung cancers and their degree of malignancy. For this purpose, the authors propose the use of Fourier Transform InfraRed (FTIR) spectroscopy combined with Principal Component Analysis-Linear Discriminant Analysis (PCA-LDA) and a physics-based computational model. The results obtained for lung cancer tissues, adenocarcinoma and squamous cell carcinoma FTIR spectra, show a shift in wavenumbers compared to control tissue FTIR spectra. Furthermore, in the FTIR spectra of adenocarcinoma there are no peaks corresponding to glutamate or phospholipid functional groups. Moreover, in the case of G2 and G3 malignancy of adenocarcinoma lung cancer, the absence of an OH groups peak was noticed. Thus, it seems that FTIR spectroscopy is a valuable tool to classify lung cancer and to determine the degree of its malignancy.


Subject(s)
Adenocarcinoma/pathology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , Principal Component Analysis , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Discriminant Analysis , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
7.
J Pharm Biomed Anal ; 143: 261-268, 2017 Sep 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28618342

ABSTRACT

Breast cancer affects one in four women, therefore, the search for new diagnostic technologies and therapeutic approaches is of critical importance. This involves the development of diagnostic tools to facilitate the detection of cancer cells, which is useful for assessing the efficacy of cancer therapies. One of the major challenges for chemotherapy is the lack of tools to monitor efficacy during the course of treatment. Vibrational spectroscopy appears to be a promising tool for such a purpose, as it yields Fourier transformation infrared (FTIR) spectra which can be used to provide information on the chemical composition of the tissue. Previous research by our group has demonstrated significant differences between the infrared spectra of healthy, cancerous and post-chemotherapy breast tissue. Furthermore, the results obtained for three extreme patient cases revealed that the infrared spectra of post-chemotherapy breast tissue closely resembles that of healthy breast tissue when chemotherapy is effective (i.e., a good therapeutic response is achieved), or that of cancerous breast tissue when chemotherapy is ineffective. In the current study, we compared the infrared spectra of healthy, cancerous and post-chemotherapy breast tissue. Characteristic parameters were designated for the obtained spectra, spreading the function of absorbance using the Kramers-Kronig transformation and the best fit procedure to obtain Lorentz functions, which represent components of the bands. The Lorentz function parameters were used to develop a physics-based computational model to verify the efficacy of a given chemotherapy protocol in a given case. The results obtained using this model reflected the actual patient data retrieved from medical records (health improvement or no improvement). Therefore, we propose this model as a useful tool for monitoring the efficacy of chemotherapy in patients with breast cancer.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols , Breast , Female , Humans , Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared
8.
Phys Med Biol ; 62(6): 2315-2332, 2017 03 21.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28140377

ABSTRACT

The aim of this study was to optimise the experimental protocol and data analysis for in-vivo breast cancer x-ray imaging. Results are presented of the experiment at the SYRMEP beamline of Elettra Synchrotron using the propagation-based phase-contrast mammographic tomography method, which incorporates not only absorption, but also x-ray phase information. In this study the images of breast tissue samples, of a size corresponding to a full human breast, with radiologically acceptable x-ray doses were obtained, and the degree of improvement of the image quality (from the diagnostic point of view) achievable using propagation-based phase-contrast image acquisition protocols with proper incorporation of x-ray phase retrieval into the reconstruction pipeline was investigated. Parameters such as the x-ray energy, sample-to-detector distance and data processing methods were tested, evaluated and optimized with respect to the estimated diagnostic value using a mastectomy sample with a malignant lesion. The results of quantitative evaluation of images were obtained by means of radiological assessment carried out by 13 experienced specialists. A comparative analysis was performed between the x-ray and the histological images of the specimen. The results of the analysis indicate that, within the investigated range of parameters, both the objective image quality characteristics and the subjective radiological scores of propagation-based phase-contrast images of breast tissues monotonically increase with the strength of phase contrast which in turn is directly proportional to the product of the radiation wavelength and the sample-to-detector distance. The outcomes of this study serve to define the practical imaging conditions and the CT reconstruction procedures appropriate for low-dose phase-contrast mammographic imaging of live patients at specially designed synchrotron beamlines.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Mammography/methods , Tomography, X-Ray/methods , Female , Humans , Mammography/standards , Tomography, X-Ray/standards , X-Rays
9.
Life Sci ; 54(21): 1607-12, 1994.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-8196479

ABSTRACT

A series of inorganic polyanions (viz. heteropolytungstates) has been shown to have antiviral activity but there was no evidence to indicate that the drugs reached their site of antiviral (HIV) activity intact. We have shown that with a scanning proton microprobe it is possible to analyse the metal content of individual cells (PBLs) treated with such a polyoxometalate drug and to determine the atomic ratio of the metals within the cell. This was found to be near that in the drug. The distribution of the metals (tungsten and cobalt) within the cell was measured and it was shown that both metals were located in the same region within the cell. These findings would suggest that the drug had entered the cells intact.


Subject(s)
Antiviral Agents/analysis , Cobalt/analysis , HIV/drug effects , Lymphocytes/cytology , Phosphotungstic Acid/analysis , Potassium/analysis , Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission/methods , Tungsten/analysis , Antiviral Agents/toxicity , Cells, Cultured , Cobalt/toxicity , Humans , Phosphorus/analysis , Phosphotungstic Acid/toxicity , Potassium/toxicity
10.
Neurotoxicology ; 7(1): 9-18, 1986.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-3714129

ABSTRACT

The susceptibility of adult neural tissues to the detrimental effects of Pb poisoning has prompted the present distributional analysis of lead in the brains of chronically lead-exposed mice. A high-resolution microPIXE method was developed for measuring Pb in whole-brain cryosections derived from chronically lead-exposed mice. Spatial resolutions as small as 20 micron were obtained. Details of the methodology are presented together with procedures for Pb standard preparation and control measures employed to reduce potential errors of Pb assay associated with taking brain sections with steel alloy knives. The unique advantages of making microPIXE Pb determinations in nonpreselected brain anatomic regions using freeze-dried semithick cryosections are reviewed. The study revealed that, in lead-intoxicated mice, there existed wide regional variation in Pb concentration in the ppm range, in 50 micron sagittal or coronal sections. Higher Pb levels were found in discrete brain regions of lead-treated adult mice than in matched control brains. Suggestions for further studies of Pb kinetics using microPIXE methods in adults and immature animals, including components of neural barrier tissues, are reviewed.


Subject(s)
Brain Chemistry , Lead Poisoning/metabolism , Lead/analysis , Animals , Blood-Brain Barrier , Electron Probe Microanalysis , Lead/metabolism , Mice
11.
Int J Cardiol ; 24(3): 327-35, 1989 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2767811

ABSTRACT

We evaluated the electrophysiologic effects of dipyridamole given intravenously to 24 patients during intracardiac electrophysiologic study. Electrophysiologic parameters were measured before and 5 minutes following infusion of 0.5 mg/kg of dipyridamole. The drug significantly shortened the sinus cycle length by 26 per cent (P less than 0.001), sinuatrial conduction time by 15 per cent (P less than 0.01), maximal sinus node recovery time by 21 per cent (P less than 0.001), atrial and atrioventricular nodal effective refractory period by 8 and by 11 per cent, respectively (both P less than 0.01), ventricular effective refractory period by 4 per cent (P less than 0.001), paced cycle length to atrioventricular nodal Mobitz type II block by 5 per cent (P = 0.046), and QT interval during sinus rhythm by 10 per cent (P less than 0.01). After dipyridamole, the PA interval increased by 16 per cent (P less than 0.001), the AH interval by 11 per cent (P less than 0.01), and the corrected QT interval by 5 per cent (P less than 0.01). During retrograde conduction we observed a shortening of the ventriculoatrial interval by 6 per cent (P = 0.036), retrograde atrioventricular nodal effective refractory period by 5 per cent (P less than 0.001), paced cycle length to atrioventricular nodal Wenckebach and atrioventricular nodal Mobitz type II block both by 8 per cent (P less than 0.01). We conclude that intravenous dipyridamole increases sinus node automaticity and reduces atrial, atrioventricular nodal and ventricular refractory periods, prolongs intra-atrial and atrioventricular nodal conduction, but does not produce any changes in His-Purkinje system conduction times.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Dipyridamole/pharmacology , Heart Conduction System/drug effects , Heart Diseases/drug therapy , Adult , Cardiac Pacing, Artificial , Clinical Protocols , Dipyridamole/administration & dosage , Dipyridamole/therapeutic use , Electrophysiology , Female , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Heart Diseases/physiopathology , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Male , Middle Aged
12.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol ; 40(2): 109-10, 2002.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-12056602

ABSTRACT

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a therapeutic approach in which photosensitised neoplastic cells undergo destruction under effect of light. In this study we have attempted to define effects of photochemotherapy on R2C cells, sensitised with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) and to find out whether inhibition of gene expression by cycloheximide affects development of lesions in the cells. The photosensitised cells were exposed to visible light and development of apoptotic and necrotic lesions was followed in the cells, using the fluorescent staining with propidium iodide and Hoechst 33342. The experiments demonstrated that PpIX and light, acting in parallel, induce development of apoptotic and necrotic lesions in R2C cells. Intensity of the lesions correlated with concentration of the applied photosensitiser and with duration of light exposure. Using cycloheximide, we also inhibited protein expression in cells photosensitised with protoporphyrin before they were exposed to light. In the latter case, development of apoptosis was clearly intensified which might be explained by inhibition of anti-apoptotic protein synthesis in the cells.


Subject(s)
Photochemotherapy , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Protoporphyrins/pharmacology , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , Apoptosis/radiation effects , Coloring Agents , Cycloheximide/pharmacology , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/drug effects , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic/radiation effects , Leydig Cell Tumor/therapy , Light , Male , Protein Synthesis Inhibitors/pharmacology , Rats , Testicular Neoplasms/therapy , Tumor Cells, Cultured
13.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol ; 42(2): 131-5, 2004.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15253138

ABSTRACT

5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is utilized in a photodynamic therapy as a compound capable of augmenting intracellular pool of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX), which exhibits properties of a photosensitizer. The studies were aimed at monitoring accumulation of endogenous protoporphyrin IX in CHO cells under effect of various concentrations of ALA in culture medium and following removal of the compound from the culture medium. Cell content of PpIX was determined following incubation of the cells for 72 h in a culture medium containing different concentration of ALA. Moreover, the cells were preincubated for 2 h in ALA at various concentrations and separated from the compound by medium change and their PpIX content was monitored following incubation. PpIX content was defined by a fluorescent technique under the confocal microscope. In the course of continuous incubation of cells with ALA, biphasic alterations were noted in cellular PpIX concentration. Removal of ALA from the incubation medium resulted at first in a decrease in PpIX content in cells, which was followed by an evidently augmented accumulation of the compound in the cells. The results suggested that in the case of CHO cells, exogenous ALA was not an exclusive source of PpIX synthesis and that alterations in enzyme activities were responsible for production of PpIX.


Subject(s)
Aminolevulinic Acid/pharmacology , Ovary/drug effects , Ovary/metabolism , Protoporphyrins/biosynthesis , Aminolevulinic Acid/metabolism , Animals , CHO Cells , Cricetinae , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Female , Kinetics , Ovary/cytology
14.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol ; 39(2): 213-4, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11374831

ABSTRACT

Photodynamic therapy (PDT) represents a therapeutic approach in which photosensitised neoplastic cells undergo destruction under the effect of light. In this study we have attempted to define effects of PDT on CHO cells, sensitised with protoporphyrin IX (PpIX). The photosensitised CHO cells were exposed to a visible light and development of apoptotic and necrotic lesions was followed in the cells, using the fluorescent staining with propidium iodide and Hoechst 33342. The experiments demonstrated that PpIX and light, acting in parallel, induce development of apoptotic and necrotic lesions in the cells. Intensity of the lesions was correlated with the concentration of the applied photosensibiliser and with the duration of exposure to light. The control experiments suggest that development of apoptosis in the applied model probably reflect mitochondrial damage, while processes developing close to the cell membrane are responsible for necrosis. In order to corroborate the obtained results, ultrastructural studies were performed on experimental groups in which evident apoptotic lesions were observed in the cells.


Subject(s)
Photochemotherapy , Animals , Apoptosis/drug effects , CHO Cells , Cricetinae , Photosensitizing Agents/pharmacology , Protoporphyrins/pharmacology , Tumor Cells, Cultured
15.
Folia Histochem Cytobiol ; 39(2): 215-6, 2001.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-11374832

ABSTRACT

Lectin from Chelidonium majus L. (CML) significantly stimulates the proliferation of human lymphocytes and has hemagglutination activity towards group B human erythrocytes and potent antimicrobial properties against multiresistant enterococci and staphylococci. In the present work we describe the effect of lectin from Chelidonium majus L on normal and cancercells in culture in vitro. The studies were performed on three types of cells: CHO, R2C and on normal mouse fibroblasts. Effects on the cultures were examined 24 h after addition of CML. Exposure to CML resulted in growth inhibition of CHO and R2C cells but not of fibroblasts. Moreover, evident apoptotic lesions were observed in CHO cells and less well marked apoptotic lesions in R2C cells. In contrast, only insignificant numbers of fibroblasts reacted to the applied lectin.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic/pharmacology , Lectins/chemistry , Lectins/pharmacology , Papaver/chemistry , Plants, Medicinal , Animals , CHO Cells , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Cricetinae , DNA/chemistry , Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel , Fibroblasts , Mice , Plant Lectins , Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet , Tumor Cells, Cultured
16.
Clin Cardiol ; 14(10): 813-20, 1991 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-1659505

ABSTRACT

The opioid system plays a role in the regulation of the cardiovascular system. Endogenic as well as egzogenic administration of opioids influences the heart rhythm. This work was undertaken in order to assess the influence of crossover activity of the heart opioid system on the heart conduction system in patients with various disturbances of rhythm having an efficient circulatory system and a normal 12-lead stationary ECG. Subjects were 20 patients (9 men and 11 women of mean age of 38.7 years) reporting sudden heart palpitations. They were subjected to invasive programmable electrophysiological studies (PES). Naloxone was administered intravenously to 10 patients. Pentazocine was administered in the same way. In the remaining 10 patients the order of drug administration was reversed. PES was done in the basic state and after the administration of each drug. Study results were subjected to statistical analysis with no-parameter Wilcoxon test assuming differences to be significant at p less than 0.05. Blocking of the opioid system resulted in significant lengthening of the sinoatrial (SACT), intra-atrial (PA), and atrioventricular node (AH) conduction times, while no changes were induced in conduction in the His-Purkinje system (HV) and automation of the sinus node. Naloxone lengthened the atrial (ERPA) and atrioventricular node (ERPA AVN) effective refractory periods. Stimulation of the opioid system resulted in decreases of the following values: SACT, PA, AH, ERPA, ERPA AVN, while no effect was exerted on the SNRT, HV, ERPV. Neither drug influenced the QRS time, although naloxone lengthened QTc period significantly. Opioids did not influence the time of conduction in concealed extranodal atrioventricular pathways.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)


Subject(s)
Arrhythmias, Cardiac/drug therapy , Electrophysiology , Heart Conduction System/drug effects , Naloxone/pharmacology , Pentazocine/pharmacology , Receptors, Opioid/drug effects , Arrhythmias, Cardiac/physiopathology , Blood Pressure/drug effects , Electric Stimulation , Electrocardiography , Female , Heart Conduction System/physiopathology , Heart Rate/drug effects , Hemodynamics/drug effects , Humans , Injections, Intravenous , Male , Naloxone/administration & dosage , Pentazocine/administration & dosage , Receptors, Opioid/physiology
17.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett ; 25(3): 223-8, 2004 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15349090

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVES: In our study, with the use of GH3 cells line we decided to examine 1) what is the relation between the dose of bromocriptine and the development of apoptosis in GH3 cells 2) whether the induction of apoptosis is accompanied by alterations in bcl-2 and p53 content and 3) whether dibutyryl-cAMP or phorbol esters affect the initiation of apoptosis in GH3 cells. RESULTS: The current study demonstrated the absence of alterations in GH3 cells incubated for 24 h with bromocriptine at the concentrations of up to 15 micromol/l. Apoptotic and necrotic changes were observed after 48 h incubation with bromocriptine at the concentrations of 25 micromol/l. The ratio of necrotic to apoptotic cells increased at 40 micromol/l of bromocriptine concentration. An inhibitory effect of bromocriptine on cell proliferation was also observed. Phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA), at concentrations ranging between 25 ng to 200 ng/ml, reduced the amount of apoptotic cells. CONCLUSIONS: Application of dibutyryl-cAMP at the concentration of 1 to 8 mmol/l resulted in an inhibition of apoptosis, followed by an increase in the number of cultured cells. Ultrastructural studies showed evident apoptotic lesions in the cells.


Subject(s)
Apoptosis/drug effects , Bromocriptine/pharmacology , Bucladesine/pharmacology , Cell Division/drug effects , Cell Line, Tumor , Dose-Response Relationship, Drug , Humans , Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate/pharmacology
18.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 13(1): 43-53, 1987 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24254664

ABSTRACT

The effects of high aluminum concentrations in rat brain were studied using(14)C autoradiography to measure the uptake of [(14)C]2deoxy-D-glucose ([(14)C]2DG) and microbeam proteon-induced X-ray emission (microPIXE) with a 20-µm resolution to measure concentrations of magnesium, aluminum, potassium, and calcium. The aluminum was introduced intracisternally in the form of aluminum tartrate (Al-T), and control animals were given sodium tartrate (Na-T). The(14)C was administered intravenously. The animals receiving Al-T developed seizure disorders and had pathological changes, which included cerebral cortical atrophy. The results showed that there was a decreased uptake of [(14)C]2DG in cortical regions in which increased aluminum levels were measured, i.e., there was a correlation between the aluminum in the rat brain and decreased brain glucose metabolism. A minimum detection limit of about 16 ppm (mass fraction) or 3×10(9) Al atoms was obtained for Al under the conditions employed.

19.
Biol Trace Elem Res ; 13(1): 275-82, 1987 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-24254682

ABSTRACT

Several geological formations of the Utah-Colorado mining region mined for uranium ore during and after World War II had been mined earlier for vanadium. Therefore, most miners and millers from that region were exposed to those metals' ores or tailings at one time or another. Preliminary investigation to determine uranium and vanadium retained in the lungs of a former uranium miner and miller from this region, who died of lung cancer (mesothelioma), showed a high nonuniform distribution of vanadium. This observation led to the hypothesis that the vanadium content in the lungs could be associated with inhaled particles. Further examination of spectra of characteristic X-rays obtained by scanning particle-induced X-ray emission (microPIXE) of an autopsy sample of this lung indicated that vanadium was indeed present in localized sites within the 20-µm spatial resolution of the proton beam. This work points out that the microPIXE-RBS (Rutherford backscattering) test for vanadium can be used for site localization of inhaled particles retained in the lungs. Further studies are in progress to: (i) locate uranium-bearing particles in lung tissues of former uranium miners and millers; and (ii) evaluate the local doses of alpha radiation received from these particles.

20.
Kardiol Pol ; 32(3): 159-66, 1989.
Article in Polish | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-2622107

ABSTRACT

The aim of the study was to evaluate the value of analysis of left ventricular systolic intervals during Isuprel test in diagnosis of ischemic heart disease. 30 patients with ischemic heart disease without myocardial infarction in the past (group I) and after myocardial infarction (group II) as well as 15 healthy persons (group III) underwent the study. Electrocardiograms and polycardiograms were analyzed by means of Weissler's method. In patients with CAD during Isuprel test decrease of QS2I, LVETI, LVETI/S1S2 and increase of Q-1, ICT, PEPI, PEP/LVET were stated in comparison with healthy persons. Sensitivity of Isuprel test estimated by ST segment analysis was 80%, specificity 100%, predictive value for CAD confirmation 100% and for its exclusion 71.4%. Diagnostic value of Q-1, QS2I and LVETI intervals and PEP/LVET index did not statistically significantly differ from ST segment diagnostic value. Sensitivity of Isuprel test estimated by means of these intervals analysis was 63.3%, specificity 93.3-100%, predictive value for CAD confirmation 95-100%, and for its exclusion 56-57.7%. Analysis of left ventricular systolic intervals during Isuprel test is a valuable complement of an ECG examination.


Subject(s)
Coronary Disease/diagnosis , Isoproterenol , Myocardial Contraction/physiology , Systole/physiology , Adult , Aged , Coronary Disease/chemically induced , Coronary Disease/physiopathology , Female , Heart Function Tests/methods , Heart Ventricles/drug effects , Heart Ventricles/physiopathology , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Isoproterenol/administration & dosage , Male , Middle Aged , Systole/drug effects
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