[Self-induced epileptic seizures: Prevalence, Causes and Treatment]. / Selbstinduzierte epileptische Anfälle Prävalenz, Ursachen und Behandlung.

Self-induced seizures were first described in 1827. A majority of authors found that in unselected patients with epilepsy, the prevalence rate of these seizures was 1%. In patients with photosensitive epilepsy, there was roughly a 25% prevalence. Apart from visual stimulation, many other mechanisms of self-induction have been described. A feeling of pleasure or relaxation during seizures may be a reason for self-inductive behaviour. But often the procedure of self-induction is experienced as involuntary. Treatment is always difficult. Behavioral therapy has been proven effective in some patients. In patients with photosensitive epilepsy, sunglasses are recommended. Fenfluramine, clonazepam and valproate seem to be a bit more effective than other drugs. After all, the treatment effect depends on the motivation of the patient to change the condition.

[Levetiracetam for treatment of status epilepticus - an update]. / Levetiracetam in der Behandlung des Status epilepticus ­ ein update.

Since 2004 several reports on the treatment of status epilepticus with levetiracetam have been published. In this review, the results of a PubMed-based search of publications December 12, 2011 - July 6, 2018 are summarized and compared to those of earlier publications. In total, 28 treatment episodes in case reports, each on one or two cases of treatment episodes, and 412 treatment episodes in case series and prospective studies were analyzed. Case series and prospective studies reported an average success rate for termination of status probably of 55,0 %-59,4 %. Since preclinical data suggest a delayed effect of levetiracetam, its use in the treatment of generalized convulsive status epilepticus appears still questionable. A loading dose of 30 mg / kg seems to be reasonable.

[Medico-legal and victimology aspects of homicides in the material of Bialystok Institute of Forensic Medicine in the years 1982-2003]. / Sadowo-lekarskie i wiktymologiczne aspekty zabójstw na podstawie danych zakladu medycyny sadowej AM w bialymstoku.

The authors presented an analysis of homicides based on autopsy material collected at Institute of Forensic Medicine in Bialystok in the years 1982-2003. Of 8,780 postmortem examinations, this type of death accounted for 7,4 % of cases, including 31,2 % women and 68,8 % men. Married individuals predominated among females, whereas the majority of male victims were single. Fifty-seven percent of victims died on the crime scene, 5,3 % within 48 hours. In conflicts of long-standing, immediate conflicts and fights, the perpetrators most commonly employed hard, blunt or blunt-edged crime weapons. In cases of murder with robbery and sexual homicides, strangulation was the most frequently used method. No seasonal character in homicide prevalence was observed.

[Car accident or homicide--case analysis]. / Wypadek komunikacyjny czy zabójstwo--analiza przypadku.

A rare case of pedestrian decapitation as a result of motor vehicle impact. The accident was primarily investigated as a homicidal strangulation with defensive dismemberment. Reconstruction performed with the aid of vehicle traffic and technical expert enabled the full elucidation of the accident.

[Analysis of suicide in the material of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok in the years 1990-2003]. / Analiza samobójstw w materiale sekcyjnym Zakladu Medycyny Sadowej AMB w latach 1990-2003.

The object of analysis were suicide cases autopsied in the department in 1990-2003. Of 5532 autopsies, 518 were undertaken in suicide victims. This number constituted 9.36% of the total number of autopsies, of these 81% were males and 19% females. The ratio of males to females was 4.4. The highest per cent suicide rate was noted in 1993 (54), 1995 (48), 1999 (45) and 2003 (44); the lowest rate was observed in 2001 (26). The highest per cent rate of suicide was observed among males in the ages 19-25 and 41-45 year old, among females 36-40 and 41-50. The greatest number of inebriate males was found in age groups 41-45 and 19-25 years, whereas for females, the corresponding age group was 31-35 years. Among the victims of suicide a predominance of married people and manual workers was noted. The most common method of committing suicide was by hanging.

[50th anniversary of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok (1954-2004)]. / 50-lecie Zakladu Medycyny Sadowej Akademii Medycznej w Bialymstoku (1954-2004).

The paper illustrates the history, scientific and teaching achievements of the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok in commemoration of its 50th Anniversary.

[The analysis of road accident victims aging between 0-18 in the selection material of the our Forensic Department, Medical University of Bialystok between 1997-2006]. / Analiza ofiar wypadków drogowych w wieku 0-18 lat w materiale sekcyjnym Zakladu Medycyny Sadowej Akademii Medycznej w Bialymstoku w latach 1997-2006.

INTRODUCTION: The authors carried out the analysis of autopsy reports of road accident victims, aging between 0-18, exposed to the post mortal studies made in the above mentioned department between 1997-2006. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The number of victims, aging between 0-18 amounts to 2.97% of all autopsies carried out in this period. Among the analysed 84 victims were male, while 41 female. The victims have been divided into age groups: 0-6, 7-10, 11-15 and 16-18. The largest number appeared in the age range 15-18 (78; 47 males and 31 females), the smallest number in the age range 0-6 (15; 10 males and 5 females) and the age range 7-10 (15; 12 males and 3 females). In the age groups 0-6 and 7-10 pedestrians prevail as victims, while 11-15 car passengers are in majority and the same percentage refers to cyclists. Group 16-18 is predominantly dominated by private car drivers and their passengers. RESULTS: In all age groups the direct causes of death were mainly head injuries, the most frequent among pedestrians, cyclists, two wheeled engine vehicle passengers, drivers and private car passengers as well as other victims of not exactly defined road accidents. The most alarming is the high percentage of road users under the influence of alcohol in the range 16-18 amounting to 21.8 % (27.7% of males and 12.9% of females respectively).

[Analysis of suicide causes in the material of Bialystok Forensic Medicine Department in the years 2004-2006]. / Analiza samobíjstw w materiale sekcyjnym Zakladu Medycyny Sadowej Akademii Medycznej w Bialymstoku w latach 2004-2006.

PURPOSE: The object of analysis were suicide cases autopsied in the department in 2004-2006. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Of the 1331 autopsies, 126 were undertaken in suicide victims. This number constituted 9.47% of the total number of autopsies, of those 87.3% were males and 12.7% females. The highest percent rate of suicide was observed among males in the ages of 19-25 year old, among females 19-25 and 31-45. The greatest number of inebriated males was found in ages of 19-25 and 36-40 years old, whereas for females the corresponding age group was 31-35 years. Among the places of suicide predominance of public places was noted. The most common method of committing suicide was by hanging.

[Cases of suspected pediatric malpractice in casework material collected at the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok in the years 2001-2006]. / Opiniowane przypadki podejrzenia popelnienia bledu medycznego w pediatrii w materiale aktowym Zakladu Medycyny Sadowej Akademii Medycznej w Bialymstoku w latach 2001-2006.

The authors analysed medico-legal opinions issued by teams of expert witnesses in the Department of Forensic Medicine, Medical University of Bialystok. In the years 2001-2006 a total of 698 opinions in cases of suspected medical malpractice, including 44 (6.3%) pediatric cases, were issued. The opinions were ordered by police (9.3%) and prosecutors (90.7%). Medical malpractice was suspected in 20% of cases involving emergency procedures, 20% of cases involving family doctor's procedures and about 60% of cases involving hospital procedures. Medical malpractice was concluded in 9 (20.4%) cases, including 4 fatal demises.

[Medico-legal and victymology aspects of homicides in the material of Bialystok Institute of Forensic Medicine in the years 2004-2006]. / Sadowo-lekarskie i wiktymologiczne aspekty zabójstw na podstawie danych Zakladu Medycyny Sadowej Akademii Medycznej w Bialymstoku w latach 2004-2006.

The authors presented an analysis of homicides based on autopsy material collected at the Institute of Forensic Medicine Medical University of Bialystok in the years 2004-2006. Of 1331 postmortem examinations, this type of death accounted for 4.28% of cases, including 19,3% women and 80.7% men. Married persons predominated among females and men. 63.1% of victims died on the crime scene, 29.8% within 24 hours. In immediate conflicts, fights and robberies, the perpetrators most commonly employed hard, blunt or blunt-edged crime weapons. In cases of murder with sexual and robbery homicides the strangulation method was used. No seasonal character in homicide prevalence was observed.