ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE: To describe the outcome and associated complications with the use of peripherally inser ted central venous catheters in neonates, and to identify risk factors associated with the presence of major complications. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Analytical study of the follow-up of catheters placed in 541 neonates hospitalized in a neonatal intensive care unit. Outcome and complications were descri bed. To assess risk factors associated with major complications, multivariate logistic regression analy sis was used. RESULTS: 655 catheters were placed in 541 infants with birth-weight ranging from 420g to 4.575g. The mean duration was 11.6 ± 8.5 days. 29 patients (4.4%) presented major complications, and associated bloodstream infection was the most frequent (n = 17), determining an infection rate of 2.25 %o catheter days. Infections were more frequent among catheters lasting > 14 days: 9/179 (5%) vs 8/476 (1.7%) of those lasting ≤ 14 days (p < 0.05). Other complications included: pleural effusion due to extravasation (n = 6) and atrial thrombosis (n = 3). Multivariate analysis showed that the presence of major complications was associated with a gestational age < 28 weeks: OR 5.9 (95% CI 1.2 to 40), and upper extremities use: OR 3.2 (95% CI 1.1-7.0). Infections were associated with a greater number of punctures during placement: OR 2.1 (95% CI 1.2-4.8) for each puncture and ges tational age < 28 weeks: OR 7.9 (95% CI: 1.4-73). CONCLUSION: The use of catheters was long-lasting and with a low rate of major complications, which were more common in extremely preterm infants. Infections were associated with an increased number of punctures and duration > 14 days. Other complications were more frequent when upper extremities insertion was used.
Subject(s)
Catheter-Related Infections , Catheterization, Central Venous , Central Venous Catheters , Catheter-Related Infections/epidemiology , Catheter-Related Infections/etiology , Catheterization, Central Venous/adverse effects , Central Venous Catheters/adverse effects , Humans , Infant , Infant, Extremely Premature , Infant, Newborn , Risk FactorsABSTRACT
La reanimación cardiopulmonar del recién nacido presenta desafíos diferentes a la reanimación del adulto o del niño mayor, especialmente por los dramáticos cambios fisiológicos que ocurren al momento de nacer. En los últimos años se han desarrollado guías universales basadas en evidencia para una adecuada reanimación. El presente artículo es una revisión y resumen de dichas recomendaciones
Subject(s)
Humans , Male , Female , Infant, Newborn , Asphyxia Neonatorum , Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation/methods , Apnea , Asphyxia Neonatorum , Epinephrine , Flumazenil , Naloxone , Respiration, Artificial/methods , Sodium BicarbonateABSTRACT
Se presenta el caso de un recién nacido de término, sexo femenino, de 3.380 g de peso al nacer, producto de un embarazo fisiológico de madre sana, que evolucionó desde el primer minuto de vida con insuficiencia respiratoria y respuesta parcial a ventilación con presión positiva y oxígeno. Una radiografía de tórax mostró sombras pulmonares difusas sin cardiomegalia, sospechándose un drenaje venoso pulmonar anómalo total obstructivo, siendo descartado por ecocardiografía. Los gases arteriales demostraron hipoxemia y acidosis metabólica; las radiografías posteriores mostraron hiperinsuflación pulmonar con sombras reticulonodulares difusas. Se planteó el diagnóstico de linfangiectasia pulmonar congénita y se mantuvo el tratamiento para hipertensión pulmonar con ventilación mecánica, drogas vasoactivas y bicarbonato endovenoso, pese a lo cual presentó deterioro hemodinámico progresivo, falleciendo a las 13 horas de vida. La autopsia confirmó el diagnóstico de linfangiectasia pulmonar congénita. Se presenta el caso clínico con sus hallazgos radiológicos, anatomopatológicos y una breve revisión del tema