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1.
Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg ; 37(3S): S31-S32, 2021.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32732544

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate a possible association between apremilast and increased tearing. METHODS: A retrospective observational case series in which reports from VigiBase, the World Health Organization global database of Individual Case Safety Reports, and the literature involving apremilast were evaluated by the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects for possible increased tearing. RESULTS: A total of 45 cases of possible apremilast-induced increased tearing were identified. All patients were on the standard dose of 30 mg BID. There was no sex difference and ages ranged from 28 to 77 years with an average of 56 years ± 12. Time to onset of the increased tearing ranged from a few days to many months. There were 10 cases of positive dechallenge, 3 cases of positive rechallenge, and 1 case with double-positive rechallenge. In the cases with positive dechallenge and rechallenge, the increased tearing resolved as early as within 2 days after stopping the drug. Most cleared within 2 weeks. One case required 3 months for tearing to return to normal. CONCLUSIONS: Based on patterns and positive dechallenge and rechallenge data, apremilast possibly causes increased tearing on rare occasions.


Subject(s)
Lacrimal Apparatus Diseases , Thalidomide , Adult , Aged , Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal/adverse effects , Databases, Factual , Humans , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Thalidomide/adverse effects , Thalidomide/analogs & derivatives
2.
Neuroophthalmology ; 42(2): 105-108, 2018 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-29563955

ABSTRACT

The existence of vaccine-associated optic neuritis is essentially based on the temporal relationship between the administration of a vaccine and the development of optic neuritis in patients with no other known aetiologies for infectious or non-infectious inflammation that could account for the optic neuritis. Influenza vaccine (inactivated or live attenuated) is considered to be one of vaccines that could be related to optic neuritis. The authors describe a rare case of bilateral asymmetric optic neuritis with leptomeningeal enhancement on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in a previously healthy young woman who received inactivated influenza vaccination 2 weeks before the onset of symptoms.

3.
Mo Med ; 114(2): 129-132, 2017.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30228560

ABSTRACT

A retrospective case series was performed in a university setting for all patients with herpes simplex epithelial keratitis who underwent liquid nitrogen cryotherapy from 2012-2015. Outcome measure was clinical evidence of resolution of epithelial keratitis in the cornea with re-epithelialization. All cases of epithelial keratitis showed partial and complete resolution at day 1 and week 1 respectively. Liquid nitrogen cryotherapy is a safe and effective treatment for herpes epithelial keratitis comparable to other published studies.

4.
Mo Med ; 113(1): 48-52, 2016.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-27039491

ABSTRACT

All of the widely administered vaccines have been reported to cause uveitis. The ocular inflammation is usually temporary and resolves with topical ocular steroids. During a 26-year period, a total of 289 cases of vaccine-associated uveitis were reported to three adverse reaction reporting databases. Hepatitis B vaccine, either alone or administered with other vaccines, appears to be the leading offender. Clinicians are encouraged to report cases of vaccine- or drug-associated ocular adverse reactions to www.eyedrugregistry.com.


Subject(s)
Immunologic Factors/adverse effects , Uveitis/epidemiology , Vaccines/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Young Adult
5.
Cutan Ocul Toxicol ; 33(2): 120-1, 2014 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-23841868

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: To report an association between conjunctival and corneal ulceration and nicorandil therapy for angina. METHODS: Review of the literature and spontaneous reports collected at the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects (Portland, Oregon), the FDA Spontaneous Reporting System (Bethesda, Maryland) and the World Health Organization's Uppsala Monitoring Center (Uppsala, Sweden). RESULTS: Thirteen case reports of adverse ocular reactions were collected. Abnormal vision (5 reports), corneal ulcer (4 reports) and conjunctival ulcer (4 reports) were associated with nicorandil. Eight subjects were male and 5 female with an average age of 75.4 ± 8.3 years. The average duration of therapy to development of the ADR was 30.4 days ±3 days. Eleven case reports had positive dechallenge and the patients fully recovered. The average dose was 21.6 mg daily. CONCLUSION: Using WHO classification for adverse drug reactions, the association between nicorandil and conjunctival and corneal ulceration is "possible". The case reports indicate that, if recognized, withdrawing nicorandil will lead to resolution of the conjunctival or corneal ulceration. Advanced age and accumulation of nicotinic acid in tissues may be contributory to the risk of developing ocular ulcerations from nicorandil.


Subject(s)
Conjunctival Diseases/chemically induced , Corneal Ulcer/chemically induced , Nicorandil/adverse effects , Ulcer/chemically induced , Vasodilator Agents/adverse effects , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male
6.
Cutan Ocul Toxicol ; 31(3): 195-7, 2012 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-22122121

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT/OBJECTIVE: To report an association between epithelial growth factor receptor (EGFR) inhibitors and ocular side effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Collection of spontaneous reports at the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects (Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon) in conjunction with a literature review of EGFR inhibitors associated with ocular adverse drug reactions (ADR). RESULTS: EGFR inhibitors are associated with conjunctivitis, meibomitis, dry eyes, periocular skin changes and trichomegaly. EGFR inhibitors may also cause superficial punctate corneal changes and corneal erosions. DISCUSSION: This is the first overview of all known ocular side effects associated with the use of marketed EGFR inhibitors. This is also the first effort for this class of drugs using the World Health Organization Classification as to causality. CONCLUSION: Ophthalmologists should be aware of possible adverse ocular side effects from EGFR inhibitors and treat based on the type of ADR encountered. All ocular side effects noted are fully reversible upon discontinuation of the drug.


Subject(s)
Epidermal Growth Factor/adverse effects , Eye/drug effects , Hair Diseases/chemically induced , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
7.
Cutan Ocul Toxicol ; 31(2): 111-6, 2012 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21981449

ABSTRACT

CONTEXT: Retrospective case series, database study and literature review. Forty case reports are described. OBJECTIVE: To report a possible association between fluoroquinolones and uveitis. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Spontaneous reports from the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side effects, World Health Organization, and Food and Drug Administration were collected on uveitis associated with systemic fluoroquinolone therapy. A literature review was performed using keywords "uveitis", "fluoroquinolones", and each individual fluoroquinolone name. Additional case reports were collected from the practices of six uveitis subspecialists and one neuro-ophthalmologist. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Data garnered from the reports include the type of fluoroquinolone, age, gender, adverse drug reaction (ADR), dosage, duration of therapy until onset of uveitis, concomitant drugs, systemic disease, dechallenge and rechallenge data. RESULTS: A total of 40 case reports of uveitis associated with fluoroquinolones were identified including 12 men, 27 women, and 1 case in which the gender was not specified. The median age was 54 years. Dosage varied between the different fluoroquinolone drugs, with the median dosage within the range recommended in the package insert for each different fluoroquinolone. Median time from beginning of therapy to appearance of the ADR was 13 days (range 0-20 days). Thirteen patients were 60 years or older, and one patient was taking systemic anti-inflammatory steroids. There were five positive dechallenge case reports. DISCUSSION: According to World Health Organization criteria, the relationship between fluoroquinolone therapy and uveitis is "possible". Causality assessments are based on the time relationship of drug administration, uveitis development, and dechallenge data. CONCLUSIONS: Clinicians should be aware of a possible bilateral fluoroquinolone-associated uveitis, particularly the finding of iris transillumination and pigment dispersion.


Subject(s)
Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Fluoroquinolones/adverse effects , Uveitis/chemically induced , Adult , Aged , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Otitis/drug therapy , Respiratory Tract Infections/drug therapy , Retrospective Studies , Sepsis/drug therapy , Urinary Tract Infections/drug therapy , Young Adult
8.
Ophthalmology ; 118(3): 486-91, 2011 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-21035859

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To compare postoperative outcomes for femtosecond laser-assisted keratoplasty (FLAK) with conventional penetrating keratoplasty (PK). DESIGN: Retrospective, comparative surgical series. PARTICIPANTS: Fifty consecutive patients who underwent FLAK and 50 case-controlled patients that had PK at the Casey Eye Institute (Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, OR). METHODS: Data was collected for 50 consecutive cases that underwent zigzag incision FLAK and was compared with 50 subjects that had conventional blade trephine incision PK with similar age, diagnosis and concurrent ocular morbidities over a 2-year follow-up period. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Topographic astigmatism, best spectacle-corrected visual acuity, uncorrected visual acuity, pinhole visual acuity, and the timing of selective suture removal (or adjustment) over various follow-up intervals up to 2 years postoperatively. RESULTS: Significantly lower topographic astigmatism was achieved in the FLAK group over the PK group in the 4- to 6-month follow-up period (P = 0.0324), which correlated well with significant earlier selective suture removal that occurred in that same group over both the 2- to 3-month (P = 0.0025) and 4- to 6-month (P = 0.0236) follow-up periods. This difference in astigmatism was no longer present at any other follow-up period up to 24 months postoperatively. The subset analysis of patients with keratoconus or post-LASIK ectasia did not show any difference in either astigmatism or visual acuity at any time. CONCLUSIONS: Compared with PKP, FLAK had significant improvement in astigmatism before but not after the 6 month postoperative follow-up period. Earlier suture removal was noted in the FLAK group. No significant improvement in best spectacle-corrected visual acuity was noted at any time point. There were no complications or difficulties with trephination in the FLAK procedure across a wide range of corneal pathologies.


Subject(s)
Corneal Diseases/surgery , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/methods , Laser Therapy/methods , Adult , Astigmatism/diagnosis , Case-Control Studies , Corneal Topography , Female , Follow-Up Studies , Humans , Keratoplasty, Penetrating/instrumentation , Lasers, Solid-State/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Suture Techniques , Treatment Outcome , Visual Acuity/physiology
10.
Cutan Ocul Toxicol ; 29(1): 26-9, 2010 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19947819

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To report a possible association between hepatitis B vaccine and uveitis. METHODS: Spontaneous reports from the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects, the World Health Organization, and the Food and Drug Administration were collected on hepatitis B vaccine associated with uveitis between 1982 and 2009. In addition, we performed a Medline literature search using the keywords of uveitis, iritis, or vitritis, in combination with vaccines and hepatitis B vaccine. Data garnered from the spontaneous reports included age, gender, adverse drug reaction, temporal association of uveitis with vaccine doses, concomitant drugs, other systemic disease, recovery, and recurrence after repeat dosage. RESULTS: Thirty-two case reports of uveitis occurring after hepatitis B vaccine were reported to the spontaneous reporting databases. The mean age of the patients was 29 years (1-57 years), with 8 male and 24 female patients. The mean number of days until uveitis was reported after vaccination was 3 days (1-15 days). The uveitis was reported to occur after the first vaccination in 15 patients, after the second vaccination in 3 patients, and after the third vaccination in 3 patients; the duration of time to occurrence of uveitis was not reported for 9 patients. One patient had recurrent uveitis after both the second and third doses of vaccine. One patient had recurrent uveitis after the first and second doses of vaccine. CONCLUSION: Hepatitis B vaccine may have a possible association with the development of uveitis in some patients. Immune complex deposition and adjuvant effects are potential pathogenic mechanisms.


Subject(s)
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , Hepatitis B Vaccines/adverse effects , Uveitis/chemically induced , Adolescent , Adult , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Immunization Schedule , Infant , Male , Middle Aged , Recurrence , Risk Assessment , Time Factors , Young Adult
11.
Ophthalmology ; 116(9): 1814-7, 2009 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-19643481

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To report a possible association between fluoroquinolones and diplopia. DESIGN: Database study. PARTICIPANTS: A total of 171 subjects were studied. METHODS: Spontaneous reports from the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects, World Health Organization, and Food and Drug Administration were collected on fluoroquinolones and diplopia. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Data garnered from the spontaneous reports include the type of fluoroquinolone, age, gender, adverse drug reaction (ADR), dosage, duration of therapy until onset of ADR, concomitant drugs, other systemic disease, and dechallenge and rechallenge data. RESULTS: A total of 171 case reports of diplopia associated with fluoroquinolones were reported, including 76 men, 91 women, and 4 case reports in which the gender was not specified. The median age was 51.6 years. Dosage varied between the different fluoroquinolone drugs, with the median dosage within the range recommended in the package insert for each different fluoroquinolone. Median time from beginning of therapy to appearance of the ADR was 9.6 days (range 1 day to 5 months). Seventeen subjects also had concomitant tendinitis, 49 patients were 60 years or older, 1 patient had renal cysts, and 4 patients were taking systemic anti-inflammatory steroids. There were 53 positive dechallenge and 5 positive rechallenge case reports. CONCLUSIONS: According to World Health Organization criteria, the relationship between fluoroquinolone therapy and diplopia is "possible." This causality assessment is based on the time relationship of drug administration and ADR development, the multiple positive dechallenge and rechallenge reports, and the plausible mechanism by which diplopia could occur: possible tendinitis of the extraocular muscles. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S): Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found after the references.


Subject(s)
Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/statistics & numerical data , Anti-Bacterial Agents/adverse effects , Diplopia/chemically induced , Fluoroquinolones/adverse effects , Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors/adverse effects , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Anti-Bacterial Agents/administration & dosage , Child , Databases, Factual , Female , Fluoroquinolones/administration & dosage , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors/administration & dosage , Registries , Tendinopathy/chemically induced , Time Factors , United States , United States Food and Drug Administration , World Health Organization
13.
J Ocul Pharmacol Ther ; 34(6): 432-435, 2018.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30004830

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To evaluate possible associations between oral anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) drugs and ocular side effects. METHODS: Spontaneous reports were collected and evaluated by the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects on the three oral anti-VEGF drugs (pazopanib, sorafenib, and sunitinib) for possible ocular side effects. RESULTS: Reported side effects include blurred or decreased vision (389 cases); periocular or eyelid edema (273 cases); superficial anterior segment toxicity (270 cases); conjunctival, retinal, or vitreous bleeding (77 cases); retinal detachments (RDs) or retinal tears (RTs) (75 cases); extraocular muscle disorders, including ptosis (51 cases); discoloration of eyelashes (36 cases); retinal arterial or venous occlusions (26 cases); optic nerve disorders, including papilledema and ischemic optic neuropathy (21 cases); uveitis (10 cases); and macular edema (7 cases). Spontaneous reports of possible RD or RT have been associated with pazopanib (31 RDs and 12 RTs), sunitinib (24 RDs and 0 RT), and sorafenib (7 RDs and 2 RTs). CONCLUSIONS: Oral anti-VEGF drugs can cause superficial anterior segment side effects. Pazopanib has been reported to be possibly linked to RDs and RTs. This study suggests that sorafenib and sunitinib are suspected as well. RDs were seldom differentiated into rhegmatogenous retinal detachments (RRDs) or non-RRDs. The association of oral anti-VEGF drugs with RRD and RT are unclassified although this suggests a "signal" requiring further study. The association of oral anti-VEGF drugs with serous retinal detachments, while rare, is plausible. Patients on this class of drugs should be instructed to seek immediate ophthalmic consultation if retinal symptoms occur.


Subject(s)
Macular Edema/drug therapy , Ophthalmic Solutions/pharmacology , Retinal Perforations/drug therapy , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitors , Administration, Oral , Female , Humans , Indazoles , Macular Edema/metabolism , Male , Middle Aged , Ophthalmic Solutions/administration & dosage , Ophthalmic Solutions/adverse effects , Pyrimidines/administration & dosage , Pyrimidines/adverse effects , Pyrimidines/pharmacology , Retinal Perforations/metabolism , Sorafenib/administration & dosage , Sorafenib/adverse effects , Sorafenib/pharmacology , Sulfonamides/administration & dosage , Sulfonamides/adverse effects , Sulfonamides/pharmacology , Sunitinib/administration & dosage , Sunitinib/adverse effects , Sunitinib/pharmacology , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/metabolism
14.
Drugs ; 67(1): 75-93, 2007.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17209665

ABSTRACT

This article reviews several retrospective case series and reported adverse events regarding common ocular adverse effects related to systemic therapy. It is not intended as a comprehensive summary of these well described adverse drug reactions, nor is it intended to cover the complete spectrum of all ocular adverse effects of systemic therapy. Many systemic drugs may produce ocular toxicity, including bisphosphonates, topiramate, vigabatrin, isotretinoin and other retinoids, amiodarone, ethambutol, chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine, tamoxifen, quetiapine, cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 inhibitors, erectile dysfunction agents and some herbal medications. For this review, the certainty of the adverse effect profile of each medication was evaluated according to the WHO Causality Assessment Guide.A certain relationship has been established for pamidronate and alendronate as causes of scleritis, uveitis, conjunctivitis and blurred vision. Topiramate has been established as adversely causing symptoms consistent with acute angle-closure glaucoma, typically bilateral. Vigabatrin has been shown to cause bilateral irreversible visual field defects attributed to underlying medication-induced retinal pathology. Isotretinoin should be considered in the differential diagnosis of any patient with pseudotumour cerebri. Patients taking amiodarone and hydroxychloroquine should be monitored and screened regularly for development of optic neuropathy and maculopathy, respectively. Sildenafil has been reported to cause several changes in visual perception and is a possible, not yet certain, cause of anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy. Patients taking tamoxifen should also be monitored for development of dose-dependent maculopathy and decreased colour vision. COX-2 inhibitors should be included in the differential diagnosis of reversible conjunctivitis. Several herbal medications including canthaxanthine, chamomile, datura, Echinacea purpurea, Ginkgo biloba and liquorice have also been associated with several ocular adverse effects. It is the role of all healthcare professionals to detect, treat and educate the public about adverse reactions to medications as they are an important health problem.


Subject(s)
Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Eye Diseases/chemically induced , Humans , Phytotherapy/adverse effects
15.
Am J Ophthalmol ; 143(1): 145-149, 2007 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17188050

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To highlight the challenges of postmarketing surveillance for drug-related adverse events in the practice of ophthalmology. DESIGN: A retrospective review of the medical literature and postmarketing surveillance databases. METHODS: MEDLINE literature review of sildenafil-associated or amiodarone-associated optic neuropathy and chloramphenicol-associated blood dyscrasias. RESULTS: Sildenafil, amiodarone, and chloramphenicol may all cause adverse ocular events; however, the data are not conclusive. CONCLUSIONS: Reports in peer-reviewed medical journals may be proven incorrect over time. For drug-induced adverse ocular events, there is little true science after the drug reaches the marketplace, so the percentage of incorrect conclusions may be high. Clinicians should be wary of reports of adverse ocular effects until data are confirmed by multiple authors over the long-term. Even so, spontaneous reports from postmarketing surveillance databases may be the first and only signal of an adverse ocular event.


Subject(s)
Amiodarone/adverse effects , Chloramphenicol/adverse effects , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions , Piperazines/adverse effects , Product Surveillance, Postmarketing , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , Databases, Factual , Humans , Optic Nerve Diseases/chemically induced , Paraproteinemias/chemically induced , Purines , Retrospective Studies , Sildenafil Citrate , Sulfones
16.
Cornea ; 26(3): 368-9, 2007 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-17413968

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe an ocular side effect occurring with filgrastim therapy. METHODS: Retrospective case report. RESULTS: One week after starting therapy with intravenous filgrastim, a 66-year-old woman developed bilateral keratitis, evidenced by epithelial defects and peripheral corneal infiltrates. When filgrastim was discontinued, symptoms improved within 3 days and resolved within 2 weeks. CONCLUSIONS: Our patient's bilateral keratitis, which abated rapidly after discontinuation of filgrastim, may have been an adverse effect of this drug. Although the patient also took pamidronate, timing and resolution of symptoms make this a less likely culprit. Physicians should be aware of the possibility of filgrastim-associated keratitis, which can be managed by discontinuing the drug or treating with artificial tears.


Subject(s)
Corneal Ulcer/chemically induced , Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor/adverse effects , Aged , Corneal Ulcer/diagnosis , Female , Filgrastim , Humans , Infusions, Intravenous , Recombinant Proteins , Retrospective Studies
17.
JAMA Ophthalmol ; 134(1): 88-90, 2016 Jan.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26469392

ABSTRACT

IMPORTANCE: Spontaneous reports to the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects and case reports in the literature suggest an association between bortezomib use and chalazia. OBSERVATIONS: To our knowledge, there have been 24 reports of bortezomib-associated chalazia. Fourteen reports were collected from the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects. These reports originated at the US Food and Drug Administration's Adverse Event Reporting System or at the World Health Organization's Uppsala Monitoring Centre. An additional 10 case reports were found in the literature. The mean age of the 24 patients was 61 years (age range, 37-79 years), 8 were female and 11 were male (the sex was unknown in 5), and the mean duration of bortezomib therapy before the onset of chalazia was slightly more than 3 months (range, 26-428 days; mean, 98 days). Chalazia were usually multiple and involved the upper eyelid. Recommendations for the bortezomib dosages were within the package insert. Most patients were receiving multiple medications. There were 8 positive dechallenge case reports and 3 positive rechallenge case reports. CONCLUSIONS AND RELEVANCE: Using the World Health Organization's classification for adverse drug reactions, the association between bortezomib use and chalazia is classified as possible. This conclusion is based on the finding that chalazia improved or resolved in most patients when bortezomib was discontinued, the temporal relationship between initial administration of bortezomib and chalazia onset, and the positive dechallenge and rechallenge data.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Bortezomib/adverse effects , Chalazion/chemically induced , Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions/etiology , Eyelids/drug effects , Adult , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/statistics & numerical data , Aged , Chalazion/diagnosis , Eyelids/pathology , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , United States , United States Food and Drug Administration , World Health Organization
18.
Am J Ophthalmol ; 140(4): 723-4, 2005 Oct.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16226525

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To describe the known ocular side effects of agents used to treat erectile dysfunction. DESIGN: Retrospective observational case series and literature review. METHODS: We reviewed 892 case reports from the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects (Casey Eye Institute, Portland, Oregon), the Food and Drug Administration (FDA), and the World Health Organization (WHO) and conducted a comprehensive review of the literature. RESULTS: Ocular side effects of these drugs appear fully reversible and transitory. CONCLUSIONS: To date, evidence does not exist to discourage use of erectile dysfunction agents attributable to harmful ocular side effects. Ischemic optic neuropathy (ION) is "possible" by WHO classification, however, conclusive evidence linking ION to erectile dysfunction medications is still lacking.


Subject(s)
Erectile Dysfunction/drug therapy , Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors/adverse effects , Vision Disorders/chemically induced , 3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases/antagonists & inhibitors , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems/statistics & numerical data , Humans , Male , Optic Neuropathy, Ischemic/chemically induced , Retrospective Studies , United States , United States Food and Drug Administration , World Health Organization
19.
Am J Ophthalmol ; 140(2): 335-7, 2005 Aug.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-16086967

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: The homeostatic chemokine, B cell attracting chemokine 1 (CXCL13), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of lymphocyte-mediated diseases. We investigated the cellular expression of this chemokine in the spectrum of ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions. DESIGN: Laboratory investigation. METHODS: CXCL13 expression in paraffin-embedded adnexal biopsy specimens was determined by indirect immunohistochemistry with antigen retrieval. RESULTS: In 15 of 16 biopsy specimens, including reactive lymphoid hyperplasia (n = 7), atypical lymphoid hyperplasia (n = 3), and B cell lymphoma (n = 6), CXCL13 was detected. CD20-positive B-cells, as well as dendritic cells and endothelial cells, expressed the chemokine. CONCLUSIONS: B-cells in ocular adnexal lymphoproliferative lesions demonstrate expression of CXCL13, a chemokine that may participate in tumor pathogenesis and is a potential target for novel therapies.


Subject(s)
B-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Chemokines, CXC/metabolism , Conjunctival Neoplasms/metabolism , Lymphoma, B-Cell/metabolism , Pseudolymphoma/metabolism , Antibodies, Monoclonal , Antigens, CD20/metabolism , Biopsy , Chemokine CXCL13 , Conjunctival Diseases/metabolism , Conjunctival Diseases/pathology , Conjunctival Neoplasms/pathology , Humans , Immunohistochemistry , Lymphoma, B-Cell/pathology , Pseudolymphoma/pathology
20.
Am J Ophthalmol ; 138(5): 870-1, 2004 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-15531330

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: To determine the necessity for the heightened level of monitoring for cataract development in patients taking quetiapine (Seroquel, AstraZeneca Pharmaceuticals, Wilmington, Delaware) dictated by the Physicians' Desk Reference. Also, to explore the possibility of cataractogenesis because of quetiapine therapy. DESIGN: Observational case series. METHODS: Data were garnered from a series of 80 case reports collected at the National Registry of Drug-Induced Ocular Side Effects (Portland, Oregon). The World Health Organization (WHO) causality assessment guidelines were used to assess the relationship between quetiapine and cataractogenesis. RESULTS: There were 34 reports of cataracts associated with quetiapine therapy. Average age was 44 years with 23 females and 11 males studied. Average duration of therapy was 29.3 weeks on standard doses. CONCLUSIONS: Cataractogenesis secondary to quetiapine is "unlikely" by WHO guidelines. This probably makes it unnecessary to require biannual ophthalmic examinations as routine eye examinations are sufficient to screen for this condition.


Subject(s)
Antipsychotic Agents/adverse effects , Cataract/chemically induced , Dibenzothiazepines/adverse effects , Lens, Crystalline/drug effects , Physical Examination/statistics & numerical data , Adolescent , Adult , Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems , Aged , Child , Drug Monitoring , Female , Guidelines as Topic , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Quetiapine Fumarate , Registries , United States , World Health Organization
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