Eating disorders and disordered eating in servicemen and women: A narrative review.

OBJECTIVE: Eating disorders (EDs) are mental illnesses impacting all aspects of an individual's life. Recent research has examined EDs and disordered-eating behaviors in the military, a population subject to body composition standards, fitness requirements, and extreme stress. The purpose of this narrative review was to investigate ED and disordered-eating prevalence and their risk factors in ROTC (reserve officers' training corps), active-duty, and veteran servicemembers. The secondary purpose was to provide policy recommendations to reduce the burden of these conditions in the military. METHODS: PubMed and PsycINFO were reviewed for relevant articles. All studies including data on EDs or disordered eating in U.S. active-duty, ROTC, or veteran populations were considered. RESULTS: Results revealed a high burden of EDs and disordered eating with bulimic- and binge-type behaviors being the most common. Servicemembers exposed to trauma, including military sexual assault, and those with comorbidities like PTSD showed a higher prevalence. Body composition and fitness testing were also associated with a higher risk. Qualitative studies suggest these conditions serve as coping mechanisms for aspects of military life. CONCLUSIONS: The high prevalence of EDs and disordered eating in the military points toward the importance of identification, treatment, and prevention. Policy change is necessary to protect servicemembers.

How Physicians Can Assess and Address Dietary Behaviors to Reduce Chronic Disease Risk.

With the growing burden of diet-related chronic disease impacting the public's health, nutrition counseling in a primary care setting is essential and can be accomplished through brief and creative approaches. This article reviews an example of a brief dietary assessment and counseling tool and counseling strategies focusing on dietary behavior changes that emphasize impact on health outcomes, ease of behavior change, and affordability. These, plus integrating office supports, are practical ways to start the conversation about improving diet quality with patients. Collaborative efforts in nutrition care, particularly through collaboration with registered dietitians, present a valuable opportunity to meet the nutrition care needs of patients. Additionally, this article reviews screening for eating disorders, food insecurity, and dietary supplement use.

A process similar to autophagy is associated with cytocidal chloroquine resistance in Plasmodium falciparum.

Resistance to the cytostatic activity of the antimalarial drug chloroquine (CQ) is becoming well understood, however, resistance to cytocidal effects of CQ is largely unexplored. We find that PfCRT mutations that almost fully recapitulate P. falciparum cytostatic CQ resistance (CQR(CS)) as quantified by CQ IC50 shift, account for only 10-20% of cytocidal CQR (CQR(CC)) as quantified by CQ LD50 shift. Quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis of the progeny of a chloroquine sensitive (CQS; strain HB3)×chloroquine resistant (CQR; strain Dd2) genetic cross identifies distinct genetic architectures for CQR(CS) vs CQR(CC) phenotypes, including identification of novel interacting chromosomal loci that influence CQ LD50. Candidate genes in these loci are consistent with a role for autophagy in CQR(CC), leading us to directly examine the autophagy pathway in intraerythrocytic CQR parasites. Indirect immunofluorescence of RBC infected with synchronized CQS vs CQR trophozoite stage parasites reveals differences in the distribution of the autophagy marker protein PfATG8 coinciding with CQR(CC). Taken together, the data show that an unusual autophagy-like process is either activated or inhibited for intraerythrocytic trophozoite parasites at LD50 doses (but not IC50 doses) of CQ, that the pathway is altered in CQR P. falciparum, and that it may contribute along with mutations in PfCRT to confer the CQR(CC) phenotype.

Terapia familiar sistémica en contextos de pobreza / Systemic family therapy in contexts of poverty

Sin duda alguna, un par de páginas se han de quedar cortas a la hora de desglosar un poco sobre aquellos enfoques direccionados hacia el ser humano, desde lo individual, hasta su interacción en grupo y sociedad. Aun así, el presente artículo permite dar una mirada estructural y básica de lo que conlleva a la mención del concepto de Terapia Familiar Sistémica, en éste caso desarrollada en contextos de pobreza, básicamente en América Latina, y más específicamente en Colombia. A través de una contextualización estructurada de términos, ubicados en la raíz del tema principal, se pretende hacer un recorrido que vaya desde lo más sencillo, hasta lo más elaborado, para finalmente impregnar al lector, de una forma más clara y globalizada, de la ubicación y el universo que se constituye alrededor de la Terapia Familiar Sistémica, en los contextos de pobreza; su constitución, fundamento e importancia en nuestra sociedad.

Anyway a couple of pages will be short when we want to drill down a bit on those directed towards the human being approaches from the individual to his group interaction and society. Even so, this article can give a structural and basic look of what it takes to mention the concept of Systemic Family Therapy, developed in contexts of poverty, mainly in Latin America and more specifically in Colombia. Through a structured contextualization of terms, located in the root of the main theme it is to make a journey that goes from the simplest to the most elaborated, and finally imbue the reader of a clearer and globalized form of the location and the universe that is around the Systemic Family Therapy in contexts of poverty; its constitution, foundation and importance in our society.