Subject(s)
Autoantibodies/blood , Dermatomyositis/immunology , Exanthema/immunology , Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex/immunology , Neoplasms/epidemiology , Adult , Aged , Autoantibodies/immunology , Dermatomyositis/blood , Dermatomyositis/complications , Dermatomyositis/mortality , Exanthema/blood , Exanthema/pathology , Female , Humans , Incidence , Male , Middle Aged , Muscle, Skeletal/immunology , Muscle, Skeletal/pathology , Necrosis/immunology , Neoplasms/immunology , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Risk Assessment/statistics & numerical data , Risk Factors , Skin/immunology , Skin/pathologyABSTRACT
We report the first case of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 strains harboring multiple mutations including the Q151M multinucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor resistance mutation. Sustained virologic success was obtained in the infant with postnatal antiretroviral therapy optimized according to genotypic drug resistance testing and therapeutic drug monitoring.
Subject(s)
Drug Resistance, Viral/genetics , HIV Infections/transmission , HIV Infections/virology , HIV-1/genetics , Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical , Adult , Amino Acid Substitution/genetics , Anti-Retroviral Agents/therapeutic use , Female , HIV Infections/drug therapy , HIV-1/drug effects , HIV-1/isolation & purification , Humans , Infant, Newborn , PregnancySubject(s)
Bacteremia/microbiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/microbiology , Ill-Housed Persons , Xanthomonadaceae , Bacteremia/epidemiology , Female , France/epidemiology , Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections/epidemiology , Humans , Middle Aged , Molecular Sequence Data , RNA, Ribosomal, 16S/genetics , Sequence Analysis, DNA , Xanthomonadaceae/classification , Xanthomonadaceae/genetics , Xanthomonadaceae/isolation & purificationABSTRACT
The reactivation of an uncommon type I/III recombinant-genotype Toxoplasma gondii strain resulted in unusually severe encephalitis and chorioretinitis associated with a cerebral salt wasting syndrome in an African human immunodeficiency virus patient. This observation suggests an influence of the parasite genotype on disease expression in immunocompromised patients.
Subject(s)
DNA, Protozoan/genetics , HIV Infections/complications , Toxoplasma/classification , Toxoplasma/genetics , Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/parasitology , Animals , Antiprotozoal Agents/therapeutic use , Brain/parasitology , Brain/pathology , Chorioretinitis/drug therapy , Chorioretinitis/parasitology , Genotype , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Toxoplasma/isolation & purification , Toxoplasmosis, Cerebral/drug therapyABSTRACT
We developed an animal model reproducing several aspects of Whipple's disease. Immunocompetent mice were persistently infected with Tropheryma whipplei, its etiological agent, and developed liver granulomas. SCID mice were infected similarly but did not develop tissue lesions. The delayed clearance of T. whipplei suggests a protective role for innate immunity.