The Mouse Genome Database (MGD): from genes to mice--a community resource for mouse biology.

The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) forms the core of the Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) system (http://www.informatics.jax.org), a model organism database resource for the laboratory mouse. MGD provides essential integration of experimental knowledge for the mouse system with information annotated from both literature and online sources. MGD curates and presents consensus and experimental data representations of genotype (sequence) through phenotype information, including highly detailed reports about genes and gene products. Primary foci of integration are through representations of relationships among genes, sequences and phenotypes. MGD collaborates with other bioinformatics groups to curate a definitive set of information about the laboratory mouse and to build and implement the data and semantic standards that are essential for comparative genome analysis. Recent improvements in MGD discussed here include the enhancement of phenotype resources, the re-development of the International Mouse Strain Resource, IMSR, the update of mammalian orthology datasets and the electronic publication of classic books in mouse genetics.

The Mouse Genome Database (MGD): integrating biology with the genome.

The Mouse Genome Database (MGD) is one component of the Mouse Genome Informatics (MGI) system (http://www.informatics.jax.org), a community database resource for the laboratory mouse. MGD strives to provide a comprehensive knowledgebase about the mouse with experiments and data annotated from both literature and online sources. MGD curates and presents consensus and experimental data representations of genetic, genotype (sequence) and phenotype information including highly detailed reports about genes and gene products. Primary foci of integration are through representations of relationships between genes, sequences and phenotypes. MGD collaborates with other bioinformatics groups to curate a definitive set of information about the laboratory mouse and to build and implement the data and semantic standards that are essential for comparative genome analysis. Recent developments in MGD discussed here include an extensive integration of the mouse sequence data and substantial revisions in the presentation, query and visualization of sequence data.

Biocommunication courses for medical students.

Properly designed elective courses in audiovisual techniques and biophotography can help the medical student become a more effective communicator. After graduation, whether a practicing physician, teacher, author, researcher, or simply a postprandial speaker at a civic club meeting, he or she will be able to influence the thinking and behavior of others in a much more efficient and interesting manner.

An investigation of transient intermediates in the reaction of 2-methylglutamate with glutamate decarboxylase from Escherichia coli.

Several intermediates in the reaction of 2-methylglutamate with glutamate decarboxylase from Escherichia coli were detected by stopped-flow spectrophotometry and by rapid-scanning spectrophotometry after conventional mixing. Structures were assigned to intermediates on the basis of kinetic and spectral evidence. In the early stages of the reaction an intermediate with the properties expected of a geminal diamine accumulated significantly. Changes consistent with the conversion of this species into the external aldimine were also observed. The course of product formation was determined and linked with spectral changes taking place in the bound coenzyme. The effect of the minor decarboxylation-dependent transamination that accompanies the major reaction was analysed.

A Rosetta stone of mammalian genetics.

The Mammalian Comparative Database provides genetic maps of mammalian species. Comparative maps are valuable aids for predicting linkages, developing animal models and studying genome organization and evolution.