Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Agents/therapeutic use , Colorectal Neoplasms/drug therapy , Genes, ras , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Antineoplastic Agents/adverse effects , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/administration & dosage , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Bevacizumab , Capecitabine , Cetuximab , Clinical Trials as Topic , Colorectal Neoplasms/genetics , Colorectal Neoplasms/pathology , Deoxycytidine/administration & dosage , Deoxycytidine/analogs & derivatives , ErbB Receptors/drug effects , ErbB Receptors/metabolism , Fluorouracil/administration & dosage , Fluorouracil/analogs & derivatives , Genes, erbB-1/drug effects , Humans , Leucovorin/administration & dosage , Mutation , Organoplatinum Compounds/administration & dosage , Oxaliplatin , Prognosis , Research Design , Treatment OutcomeSubject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/therapeutic use , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , Age Factors , Aged , Antibodies, Monoclonal/administration & dosage , Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized , Bevacizumab , Camptothecin/analogs & derivatives , Camptothecin/therapeutic use , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Fluorouracil/therapeutic use , Humans , Leucovorin/therapeutic use , Middle Aged , Neoplasm Metastasis , Treatment Outcome , Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A/antagonists & inhibitorsABSTRACT
TBX2 and TBX3 are members of a family of genes encoding developmental transcription factors, characterized by a 200 amino acid DNA binding domain (T-box). Tbx2 and Tbx3 are closely related T-box proteins that have been implicated in development of a number of different tissues including the mammary gland. TBX3 is required for normal mammary development in mouse models and in patients with ulnar-mammary syndrome (UMS). In addition to a role in development, TBX2 and TBX3 have been implicated in tumor development through downregulation of the alternative reading frame (ARF) tumor suppressor and an associated bypass of senescence. Here we review the current information on the roles of Tbx2 and Tbx3 in mammary gland development and tumorigenesis.