ABSTRACT
In France, blood donations are tested in pools of 96 samples for parvovirus B19 (B19V) DNA to discard plasma for fractionation when it contains high viral loads. Between January 2015 and March 2024, B19V-positive donations decreased during the COVID-19 pandemic, followed by a strong rebound in 2023 and unusually high circulation during winter 2023/24 (ca 10 times higher December 2023-March 2024 vs the pre-pandemic period). Variations over time are probably related to measures implemented to limit SARS-CoV-2 spread.
Subject(s)
Blood Donors , Parvoviridae Infections , Parvovirus B19, Human , Humans , Blood Donation , Blood Donors/statistics & numerical data , COVID-19/epidemiology , DNA, Viral/blood , France/epidemiology , Mass Screening , Pandemics , Parvoviridae Infections/blood , Parvoviridae Infections/epidemiology , Parvovirus B19, Human/isolation & purification , Seasons , Viral LoadABSTRACT
The performance of SD Bioline rapid antigen test (RAT) was evaluated using real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (rRT-PCR) as gold standard. A total of 718 nasal swabs, including 102 rRT-PCR positive and 616 rRT-PCR negative swabs, were tested. RAT demonstrates a sensitivity of 29·4% with a specificity of 100%. The positivity rate of RAT was highly associated with lower cycle threshold (Ct) values (P < 0·0001). The excellent specificity of the RAT allowed for the rapid identification of influenza cases. However, negative results should be verified by rRT-PCR test because of limitations observed in sensitivity.
Subject(s)
Antigens, Viral/analysis , Influenza, Human/diagnosis , Nasal Cavity/virology , Orthomyxoviridae/isolation & purification , Point-of-Care Systems , Adolescent , Cameroon , Child , Child, Preschool , Female , Humans , Immunoassay/methods , Infant , Male , Sensitivity and SpecificityABSTRACT
Streptococcus pneumoniae is rarely isolated from nosocomial infections. We report an outbreak of 4 nosocomial-acquired surgical site infections due to S pneumoniae after retropubic simple prostatectomy. The likely source was detected in the rhinopharynx of the surgeon. After the implementation of recommendations, no new cases have been recorded.
Subject(s)
Cross Infection/epidemiology , Disease Outbreaks , Disease Transmission, Infectious , Pneumococcal Infections/epidemiology , Streptococcus pneumoniae/isolation & purification , Surgical Wound Infection/epidemiology , Carrier State/microbiology , Cross Infection/microbiology , Cross Infection/transmission , Humans , Nasopharynx/microbiology , Physicians , Pneumococcal Infections/microbiology , Pneumococcal Infections/transmission , Prostatectomy/adverse effects , Surgical Wound Infection/microbiology , Surgical Wound Infection/transmissionABSTRACT
Preoperative samples in the context of complicated appendicitis (CA) are rarely collected, and there is no consensus regarding the optimal antibiotic therapy in children. To help optimize empirical preoperative treatment, we studied clinical and bacteriologic data from a prospective cohort of 93 children with CA in a French hospital. All the bacteria isolated from peritoneal fluids were identified, using phenotypic and/or molecular techniques. The most commonly recovered species were Escherichia coli (71%), Streptococcus group milleri (34%), anaerobes (20%), and Pseudomonas aeruginosa (19%). The association piperacillin-tazobactam is an accurate choice of empirical therapy as it is active against 97% of bacteria. A third-generation cephalosporin with metronidazole in association with an aminoglycoside is a good alternative. Although antibiotic use may be considered as an adjunct to surgical intervention of CA, the appropriate use of preoperative antibiotics is essential and must be constantly reevaluated according to the bacterial epidemiology.