Circulating fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) levels are associated with metabolic disturbances and fat distribution but not cardiovascular risk in HIV-infected patients.

OBJECTIVES: Dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and HIV/HAART-associated lipodystrophy syndrome (HALS) are common comorbidities in HIV-1-infected patients, which may increase cardiovascular risk. Fibroblast growth factor 23 (FGF23) is a bone-derived hormone with effects on metabolism and phosphate homeostasis. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between FGF23 levels, metabolic alterations, fat distribution and cardiovascular risk. METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study. Serum FGF23 levels were analysed in 152 patients and 34 healthy control individuals. Patients belonged to three groups: HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral-treated patients who have developed HALS (n = 60); HIV-1-infected, antiretroviral-treated patients without HALS (n = 43); and untreated (naive) HIV-1-infected patients (n = 49). Serum FGF23 levels were compared with lipid and glucose homeostasis parameters, fat distribution and cardiovascular risk. RESULTS: Serum FGF23 levels were increased in HIV-1-infected patients, but the increase was most marked in those with HALS. FGF23 levels showed a strong positive correlation with age, indicators of dyslipidaemia (LDL cholesterol, polyunsaturated fatty acids and monounsaturated fatty acids), HALS parameters (trunk/appendicular fat ratio), insulin resistance (fasting insulin and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance) and C-reactive protein. FGF23 levels correlated with cardiovascular risk but correlation was lost after age adjustment. CONCLUSIONS: FGF23 levels are increased in HIV-1-infected patients, especially in those with HALS, and this increase is associated with dyslipidaemia, insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, fat distribution and parameters of inflammation. FGF23 is not associated with cardiovascular risk when age is taken into account.

Cambiando la clásica práctica restrictiva de ingesta en el proceso del parto / Changing the classic no-oral intake practice in labour process

En nuestro hospital se mantenía el ayuno de la gestante, desde el comienzo del proceso del parto hasta dos horas después de éste, como medida preventiva frente a complicaciones que eventualmente requiriesen anestesia general. Los cambios producidos por las recomendaciones de la OMS, junto con las directrices del proceso asistencial del Sistema Andaluz de Salud en un parto de bajo riesgo, así como la introducción de la analgesia epidural en este campo, planteó el objetivo de este estudio: ¿es ésta una práctica adecuada a la relación riesgo-beneficio de las gestantes? Se realizó un estudio prospectivo en 249 gestantes de bajo riesgo a las que se les ofertó la libre elección de ingesta, siendo únicamente de líquidos (71.5% agua-zumo) y sólidos (0.4% bollería), analizando el tipo de parto (espontáneo 165 mujeres - 66.3%-, tocúrgico 44 casos -17.7%-, cesárea 40 casos-16.1%-), incidencia de náuseas (41 mujeres -23%- ) / vómitos (27 mujeres -15.1 %) tanto durante la dilatación como en el posparto inmediato (6 mujeres-2.4 %), y el grado de satisfacción de las puérperas (98%). Se concluyó como una experiencia satisfactoria, no observándose evidencias que limitaran esta práctica, planteándose la elaboración de un protocolo específico consensuado con los Servicios de Obstetricia y Ginecología y Anestesia y Reanimación, con la participación de las matronas (AU)

In our hospital, fasting during labour process from the early period to two hours postpartum is established in order to prevent the risks of a possible general anaesthesia. The Attendance Process of Andalusia Health System (SAS) and W.H.O. recommendations about a natural labour in addiction to epidural anaesthesia, elicited us this question: is fasting in labour an adequate practice on balance risks / benefits for pregnant women? Oral intake was offered to 249 women during labour and immediate postpartum. 71.5% accepted clear fluids only. 0.4% preferred not clear fluids. We analysed how women gave birth (natural childbirth, instrumental, caesarean surgery), nausea or vomit rate and women satisfaction degree with the new experience. There is a lack of evidence to support this restrictive policy. There is a need to elaborate a new protocol between Obstetric & Gynaecology and Anaesthesia & Reanimation Services, with midwives involvement (AU)