ABSTRACT
Individuals with intellectual disabilities (ID) tend to have low rates of participation in voluntary or prescribed physical activity. The purpose of this study, therefore, was to identify the barriers, facilitators, and needs influencing physical activity participation of adults with ID within the framework of a social ecological model. A qualitative approach consisted of data collected from surveys and guided focus groups. Participants included adults with ID (n = 6) and their primary caregiver (n = 6). Barriers were categorized under three themes: organizational barriers, individual constraints, and external influences. Examples of subthemes included information dissemination, reliance on others, and caregiver considerations. Facilitators included primary caregivers as champions and camaraderie. Needs centered on family program involvement, improved programmatic structure, and programmatic support. Results indicate the need for community programs to examine barriers and facilitators applicable to their unique setting and population across all levels of a social ecological model.
Subject(s)
Attitude to Health , Disabled Persons , Exercise , Health Behavior , Intellectual Disability , Adult , Aged , Appalachian Region , Caregivers , Female , Focus Groups , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Needs Assessment , Surveys and Questionnaires , Time Factors , Young AdultABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of completion of an adapted physical education (APE) course with an associated on-campus practicum on preservice physical educators' self-efficacy beliefs toward the inclusion of individuals with specific disabilities (autism, intellectual disabilities, physical disabilities, and visual impairments). Preservice students in physical education teacher education (N = 98) at a large U.S. Midwestern university enrolled in 1 of 2 separate 15-wk APE courses with an associated 9-wk practicum experience were surveyed at the beginning, middle, and conclusion of each course. Results of 4 separate 2-factor fixed-effect split-plot ANOVAs revealed significant improvements in self-efficacy beliefs from Wk 1 to Wk 8 and from Wk 1 to Wk 15 across all disability categories. Significant differences between courses were found only for autism in Time 1.
Subject(s)
Attitude , Disabled Persons , Faculty , Physical Education and Training , Self Efficacy , Adolescent , Adult , Curriculum , Female , Humans , Male , Midwestern United States , Surveys and Questionnaires , United States , Young AdultABSTRACT
Patients with end stage renal disease are recognized as being prone to foot problems; however, less is known about this issue from the patient's perspective. This qualitative descriptive study explored the perceptions of risk for foot problems and foot care practices of patients on hemodialysis. A purposive sample of 9 men and women from a large university-affiliated hospital center in Quebec, Canada, was used. Three major themes emerged from the semi-structured interviews: 1) Foot problems are not a serious complication, 2) I am protected from developing foot problems, and 3) Taking care of my feet. Patients, including those currently suffering from a foot problem, lacked knowledge of their actual risk for foot problems. All participants engaged in some form of foot care, such as the use of a foot bath and regular moisturizing. Several individuals described behaviors that could compromise foot health. Findings suggest that it is worthwhile for nurses to elicit patients' actual foot care practices to validate those that are appropriate and to address those that are unsafe.