Social media in undergraduate teaching and learning: A scoping review protocol.

OBJECTIVE: To conduct a scoping review that systematically examines the body of research on social media in undergraduate teaching and learning in order to identify key issues, trends, gaps, and needs. Our objectives include determining what methods have been commonly used to study social media in undergraduate teaching and learning, and to synthesise insights from published research findings within the fields of higher education, educational technology, and the scholarship of teaching and learning. INTRODUCTION: The use of social media technologies in post-secondary environments has been increasing over time, and especially following the shift to remote teaching and learning during the COVID-19 pandemic, this growth has continued. This review addresses a need to analyse and understand the body of research on the use of social media across undergraduate contexts for teaching and learning. INCLUSION CRITERIA: This scoping review includes peer-reviewed journal articles on social media in an undergraduate teaching or learning context published at any time, in English. In addition to including concepts and terms related to social media broadly, based on global social media usage, we include within our search the most commonly used social media platforms. We excluded items from the grey literature (such as reports, dissertations, and theses), and studies that focus on groups outside of the undergraduate population of interest (e.g., in elementary, secondary, or graduate settings, etc.). METHODS: Systematic searching will be conducted in relevant subject and multidisciplinary databases: Education Database, Education Research Complete, ERIC, British Education Index, Australian Education Index, Academic Search Complete, and Scopus. Records will be deduplicated and screened using Covidence software, with each record independently reviewed by two researchers in both rounds, screening titles and abstracts in the first round, and full-text of articles in the second. Researchers will meet to discuss discrepancies and make decisions using a consensus model, and a third researcher will be independently tasked with resolving any conflicts. Data extraction will also use two independent researchers to review each article.

Clinical evaluation of a "hand pump" vacuum delivery device.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the clinical performance of a hand-held vacuum delivery system. METHODS: Between December 1999 and September 2000, a prospective audit was undertaken of all vacuum deliveries performed at Derby City General Hospital. RESULTS: In this period, 3296 deliveries occurred, of which 317 (9.6%) were by vacuum. Of these, data were collected on 300 (94.6%), 78 deliveries with the hand-held vacuum and 222 with standard vacuum. There were no differences in the demographic profiles, indication, gestational age at delivery, or birth weights between the two groups (P >.05 in all instances). In all types of delivery, nonrotational and rotational, the hand-held vacuum performed comparably to its contemporaries with no increase in delivery "failures" being noted. There were no differences in the extent or frequency of maternal injuries between the instruments, and other than transient scalp abrasions, there were no significant fetal injuries. CONCLUSION: The hand-held vacuum delivery system is a functionally effective addition to the practitioners' "armory," providing an alternative to the standard metal and silastic cups.

Secondary post-partum haemorrhage: challenges in evidence-based causes and management.

Secondary postpartum haemorrhage (SPPH) is an important post-natal issue, whose significance is perceived differently between practices, settings and probably within cultures. It is generally less focussed upon, in contrast to its primary counterpart. Patients prefer that it is treated promptly, even when it is not life-threatening. Intensity of blood loss, and the lesser popularity of conservative management drive clinicians towards the active options. Remarkably, none of the current treatment options is based on any evidence. Suction evacuation of the uterus may be complicated by life-threatening complications and blood transfusion. There are a few guidelines, and probably no protocols. In this review, we highlight salient factors to take into consideration, and propose a locally adaptable flowchart, which may be of use to General Practice doctors, Community Midwives and Obstetricians.