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1.
Nucleic Acids Res ; 52(D1): D1053-D1061, 2024 Jan 05.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37953328

ABSTRACT

Recent technological developments in spatial transcriptomics allow researchers to measure gene expression of cells and their spatial locations at the single-cell level, generating detailed biological insight into biological processes. A comprehensive database could facilitate the sharing of spatial transcriptomic data and streamline the data acquisition process for researchers. Here, we present the Spatial TranscriptOmics DataBase (STOmicsDB), a database that serves as a one-stop hub for spatial transcriptomics. STOmicsDB integrates 218 manually curated datasets representing 17 species. We annotated cell types, identified spatial regions and genes, and performed cell-cell interaction analysis for these datasets. STOmicsDB features a user-friendly interface for the rapid visualization of millions of cells. To further facilitate the reusability and interoperability of spatial transcriptomic data, we developed standards for spatial transcriptomic data archiving and constructed a spatial transcriptomic data archiving system. Additionally, we offer a distinctive capability of customizing dedicated sub-databases in STOmicsDB for researchers, assisting them in visualizing their spatial transcriptomic analyses. We believe that STOmicsDB could contribute to research insights in the spatial transcriptomics field, including data archiving, sharing, visualization and analysis. STOmicsDB is freely accessible at https://db.cngb.org/stomics/.


Subject(s)
Databases, Genetic , Gene Expression Profiling , Transcriptome , Information Dissemination
2.
Oncologist ; 2024 Jul 27.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-39066586

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Liver involvement portends poor prognosis in adults. We aimed to characterize the clinical features, liver function tests, radiologic findings, molecular profiles, therapeutic approaches and outcomes of adults patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) with liver involvement. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective analysis of all adults with LCH (≥ 18 years) seen at Peking Union Medical College Hospital (Beijing, China) between January 2001 and December 2022. RESULTS: Among the 445 newly diagnosed adults with LCH, 90 patients had liver involvement at diagnosis and 22 patients at relapse. The median age was 32 years (range, 18-66 years). Of 112 evaluable patients, 108 had full liver function testing, including alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transpeptidase (GGT), and total bilirubin and albumin. Elevated ALP was seen in 63.0% and GGT in 86.1%; 14.8% had elevated bilirubin. Next-generation sequencing of 54 patients revealed frequent BRAFN486_P490 (29.6%), BRAFV600E (18.5%), and MAP2K1 (14.8%). OUTCOMES: After a median 40 months' follow-up (range 1-168 months), 3-year progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival were 49.7% and 86.6% respectively. In multivariable analyses, ≥3 abnormal liver function tests (HR 3.384, 95% CI 1.550-7.388, P = .002) associated with inferior PFS; immunomodulatory drug therapy (HR 0.073, 95% CI, 0.010-0.541, P = .010) correlated with superior PFS versus chemotherapy. CONCLUSIONS: In summary, elevated GGT and ALP were common in adults with LCH liver involvement. Greater than equal to 3 abnormal liver function tests predicted poor outcomes. Immunomodulatory drug therapy was associated with favorable progression-free survival compared to chemotherapy.

3.
Syst Parasitol ; 101(3): 33, 2024 Apr 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-38647718

ABSTRACT

The mitochondrial (mt) genome can provide data for phylogenetic analyses and evolutionary biology. Herein, we sequenced and annotated the complete mt genome of Ergasilus anchoratus. This mt genome was 13852 bp long and comprised 13 protein-coding genes (PCGs), 22 tRNAs and 2 rRNAs. All PCGs used the standard ATN start codons and complete TAA/TAG termination codons. A majority of tRNA genes exhibited standard cloverleaf secondary structures, with the exception of one tRNA that lacked the TψC arm (trnC), and three tRNAs that lacked the DHU arm (trnR, trnS1 and trnS2). Phylogenetic analyses conducted using Bayesian inference (BI) and maximum likelihood (ML) methods both supported Ergasilidae as a monophyletic family forming a sister group to Lernaea cyprinacea and Paracyclopina nana. It also supported the monophyly of orders Calanoida, Cyclopoida, and Siphonostomatoida; and the monophyly of families Harpacticidae, Ergasilidae, Diaptomidae, and Calanidae. The gene orders of E. anchoratus and Sinergasilus undulatus were identical, which represents the first instance of two identical gene orders in copepods. More mt genomes are needed to better understand the phylogenetic relationships within Copepoda in the future.


Subject(s)
Copepoda , Genome, Mitochondrial , Phylogeny , Animals , Genome, Mitochondrial/genetics , Copepoda/genetics , Copepoda/classification
4.
Eur J Nutr ; 62(2): 771-782, 2023 Mar.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36261730

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: Fruit intake is beneficial to several chronic diseases, but controversial in diabetes. We aimed to investigate prospectively the associations of whole fresh fruit intake with risk of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) in subjects with different glucose regulation capacities. METHODS: The present study included 79,922 non-diabetic participants aged ≥ 40 years from an ongoing nationwide prospective cohort in China. Baseline fruit intake information was collected by a validated food frequency questionnaire. Plasma HbA1c, fasting and 2 h post-loading glucose levels were measured at both baseline and follow-up examinations. Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI) for incident diabetes among participants with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) and prediabetes, after adjusted for multiple confounders. Restricted cubic spline analysis was applied for dose-response relation. RESULTS: During a median 3.8-year follow-up, 5886 (7.36%) participants developed diabetes. Overall, we identified a linear and dose-dependent inverse association between dietary whole fresh fruit intake and risk of incident T2D. Each 100 g/d higher fruit intake was associated with 2.8% lower risk of diabetes (HR 0.972, 95%CI [0.949-0.996], P = 0.0217), majorly benefiting NGT subjects with 15.2% lower risk (HR 0.848, 95%CI [0.766-0.940], P = 0.0017), while not significant in prediabetes (HR 0.981, 95%CI 0.957-4.005, P = 0.1268). Similarly, the inverse association was present in normoglycemia individuals with a 48.6% lower risk of diabetes when consuming fruits > 7 times/week comparing to those < 1 time/week (HR 0.514, 95% CI [0.368-0.948]), but not in prediabetes (HR 0.883, 95% CI [0.762-1.023]). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that higher frequency and amount of fresh fruit intake may protect against incident T2D, especially in NGT, but not in prediabetes, highlighting the dietary recommendation of higher fresh fruit consumption to prevent T2D in normoglycemia population.


Subject(s)
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 , Prediabetic State , Humans , Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2/epidemiology , Fruit , Prospective Studies , Incidence , Glucose , Risk Factors
5.
Ecotoxicol Environ Saf ; 268: 115717, 2023 Dec.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-37992643

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: Fine particulate matter (PM2.5) is a source of pollution worldwide, that causes inflammation and liver fibrosis. Melatonin, as the predominant hormone secreted by the pineal gland, can inhibit PM2.5-induced lung injury by activating nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) to inhibit ferroptosis. However, the possible role of melatonin in PM2.5-induced liver damage remains unclear. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: In vitro, the effects of melatonin on PM2.5-induced oxidative stress and LX-2 cell activation were examined. In vivo, a PM2.5-induced inflammation and liver fibrosis mouse model was used to evaluate the hepatoprotective effect of melatonin. RESULTS: In vitro, melatonin induced the expression of Nrf2 and its downstream genes and inhibited PM2.5-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and mitochondrial damage. Melatonin also ameliorated the PM2.5-induced oxidative stress and fibrogenic marker upregulation. However, the antifibrotic effect of melatonin was abolished in siNrf2-treated LX-2 cells. In vivo, we observed mitochondrial abnormalities and mitochondrial fragmentation, which were accompanied by increased PTEN-induced kinase 1 (PINK1) and Parkin expression, in PM2.5-treated mouse hepatocytes. These changes were partially reversed by melatonin. In addition, melatonin activated the Nrf2 signaling pathway and protected against PM2.5-induced oxidative stress. Furthermore, melatonin alleviated inflammation and liver fibrosis. Moreover, Nrf2-KO mice exhibited more severe inflammation and liver fibrosis after PM2.5 exposure than wild-type mice, and the protective effect of melatonin on PM2.5- treated Nrf2-KO mice was greatly compromised. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that melatonin effectively inhibits PM2.5-induced liver fibrosis by activating Nrf2 and inhibiting ROS-mediated mitophagy and inflammation.


Subject(s)
Melatonin , Particulate Matter , Animals , Mice , Inflammation/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/chemically induced , Liver Cirrhosis/drug therapy , Liver Cirrhosis/prevention & control , Melatonin/metabolism , Melatonin/pharmacology , Mitophagy , NF-E2-Related Factor 2/genetics , NF-E2-Related Factor 2/metabolism , Particulate Matter/toxicity , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism
6.
Biochem Biophys Res Commun ; 589: 1-8, 2022 01 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34883284

ABSTRACT

BNIP3 is found to eliminate cancer cells via causing mitochondrial damage and endoplasmic reticulum stress, but it remains elusive of its role in regulating DNA double strand breaks (DSBs). In this study, we find that silibinin triggers DNA DSBs, ROS accumulation and expressional upregulation of BNIP3 in glioma cells. Mitigation of ROS with antioxidant GSH significantly inhibits silibinin-induced DNA DSBs and glioma cell death. Then, we find knockdown of BNIP3 with SiRNA obviously prevents silibinin-induced DNA DSBs and ROS accumulation. Mechanistically, BNIP3 knockdown not only reverses silibinin-triggered depletion of cysteine and GSH via maintaining xCT level, but also abrogates catalase decrease. Notably, silibinin-induced dephosphorylation of mTOR is also prevented when BNIP3 is knocked down. Given that activated mTOR could promote xCT expression and inhibit autophagic degradation of catalase, our data suggest that BNIP3 contributes to silibinin-induced DNA DSBs via improving intracellular ROS by inhibition of mTOR.


Subject(s)
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded , Glioma/metabolism , Glioma/pathology , Membrane Proteins/metabolism , Proto-Oncogene Proteins/metabolism , Silybin/pharmacology , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/antagonists & inhibitors , Amino Acid Transport System y+/metabolism , Catalase/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Cysteine/metabolism , DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded/drug effects , Down-Regulation/drug effects , Glutathione/metabolism , Humans , Reactive Oxygen Species/metabolism , TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases/metabolism
7.
Neuroepidemiology ; 56(6): 452-459, 2022.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-36244332

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Several reports have described glioma following different cancers. We assessed the prevalence of primary malignant brain tumors afterward systemic malignancies in patients in the USA based on Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) program data. METHODS: The detailed data of patients with primary malignant brain tumors following an initial malignant tumor outside the central nervous system were extracted from SEER. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze patient demographic and clinical characteristics. We also extracted standardized incidence ratios (SIRs) stratified by age, race, sex, history of radiation or chemotherapy, histology findings, and primary cancer site. RESULTS: We identified 5,212 patients diagnosed with primary malignant brain tumors following systemic malignancies. Most patients had prostate cancer, breast cancer, and skin melanoma as the primary cancer. The median duration between the first diagnosis of cancer and that of the subsequent malignant brain tumor was 53 months. Glioblastoma was the most common subsequent malignant brain tumor type. The prognosis after subsequent malignant brain tumor diagnosis was poor. The SIRs differed most by race, cancer site, and cancer type. Patients with acute lymphocytic leukemia had the highest risk of developing primary malignant brain tumors. CONCLUSION: Our study provides a comprehensive analysis of clinical data and the SIRs of patients with primary malignant brain tumors afterward other systemic malignancies. Genetic relationships might play a key role in subsequent malignant brain tumor origin. Our data provide directions for future studies exploring the hidden associations between systemic malignancies and primary malignant brain tumors.


Subject(s)
Brain Neoplasms , Glioma , Melanoma , Skin Neoplasms , Male , Humans , Skin Neoplasms/epidemiology , Brain Neoplasms/epidemiology , Melanoma/epidemiology , Glioma/epidemiology , Incidence , SEER Program
8.
Ann Hematol ; 101(9): 1925-1929, 2022 Sep.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35779117

ABSTRACT

The present study aims to evaluate the characteristics and treatment outcomes of adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) patients with thyroid involvement. We retrospectively described the clinical, biological, and genomic characteristics of a series of 36 LCH patients with thyroid involvement in our center between January 2001 and December 2021. At the time of diagnosis, only one patient was classified as having single-system LCH, and 35 patients were classified as having multisystem (MS) LCH. Three patients had coexisting papillary thyroid carcinoma. Patients with thyroid gland involvement had higher frequencies of pituitary (88.6% vs. 53.4%, P < 0.001), liver (45.7% vs. 20.7%, P = 0.003), and lymph node (54.3% vs. 31.6%, P = 0.012) involvement and a lower frequency of bone (45.7% vs. 72.0%, P = 0.003) involvement than patients without thyroid gland involvement. Sixteen patients had abnormal thyroid function, including nine patients with primary hypothyroidism, one patient with central hypothyroidism, and six patients with subclinical hypothyroidism. BRAFV600E, BRAF N486_P490, and MAP2K1 mutations were detected in 14.3%, 57.1%, and 7.1% of patients, respectively. After a 43-month median follow-up, none of the patients died, and 15 patients experienced reactivation. The median event-free survival was 37.5 months. Two of 6 patients with subclinical hypothyroidism had normal thyroid function, and 12 patients still had hypothyroidism after treatment. As the largest adult LCH cohort with thyroid gland involvement to date, we found that patients with thyroid gland involvement had different clinical characteristics, genetic profiles, and outcomes than patients without thyroid gland involvement.


Subject(s)
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell , Hypothyroidism , Adult , Genomics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/drug therapy , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/genetics , Humans , Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf/genetics , Retrospective Studies
9.
Ann Hematol ; 101(4): 831-836, 2022 Apr.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-35039900

ABSTRACT

Idarubicin 12 mg/m2 has been recommended as a standard induction therapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML). It is unknown whether a higher dose of idarubicin can improve the remission rate. This phase 2 prospective single-arm study enrolled 45 adults with newly diagnosed AML between September 2019 and May 2021 (NCT 04,069,208). Induction therapy included administration of idarubicin 14 mg/m2 for 3 days and cytarabine 100 mg/m2 every 12 h subcutaneously for 7 days. The primary endpoint was the composite complete response rate (complete response (CR) plus complete response with incomplete blood count recovery (CRi)). The median age was 45 years (range 14-60 years). Forty (88.9%) patients had CR or CRi, including 39 patients with CR and 1 patient with CRi after one course of induction therapy. The median times to recovery of absolute neutrophil and platelet counts were 21 days. Only 1 patient died of intracranial hemorrhage during induction therapy. After a median follow-up of 14 months (range 3.5-24 months), the estimated 18-month overall survival and disease-free survival (DFS) were 66.9% and 57.5%, respectively. In conclusion, idarubicin 14 mg/m2 plus cytarabine was a safe and efficient intensive regimen for younger and fit patients with newly diagnosed AML.


Subject(s)
Idarubicin , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute , Adolescent , Adult , Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/adverse effects , Cytarabine , Humans , Induction Chemotherapy , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/drug therapy , Middle Aged , Prospective Studies , Remission Induction , Young Adult
10.
Am J Hematol ; 97(2): 203-208, 2022 02 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-34797941

ABSTRACT

Adult Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) remains poorly defined. We retrospectively studied 266 newly diagnosed LCH patients to understand the clinical presentation, treatment, and prognosis of adult LCH. The median age at diagnosis was 32 years (range, 18-79 years). At the time of diagnosis, 40 patients had single lesions within a single system, 18 patients had single pulmonary LCH, 26 patients had multiple lesions within a single system (SS-m), and 182 patients had multisystem disease (MS). The most common organ involved in MS patients was the bone (69.8%), followed by the pituitary (61.5%) and lung (61.0%). BRAFV600E , BRAF deletion, and MAP2K1 mutation were detected in 38.8%, 25.4%, and 19.4% patients, respectively. BRAF deletion was found more common in patients with MS LCH compared to single-system LCH (38.5% vs 7.1%, p = .004), also in patients with liver involvement (69.2% vs 14.3%, p < .001). The estimated 3-year overall survival (OS) and event-free survival (EFS) rates were 94.4% and 54.7%, respectively, in SS-m and MS LCH. Multivariate Cox regression showed that involvement of the liver or spleen at baseline predicted poor EFS and receiving cytarabine-based therapy as a first-line treatment and age older than 30 years at diagnosis predicted favorable EFS. The involvement of risk organs and age older than 50 years predicted poor OS, and receiving cytarabine-based therapy predicted favorable OS. Therefore, BRAF deletion was correlated with MS LCH, particularly those with liver involvement. Liver or spleen involvement at baseline indicates a poor prognosis, and a cytarabine-based regimen could be considered as first-line treatment for adult LCH patients.


Subject(s)
Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/diagnosis , Adult , Aged , Cytarabine/therapeutic use , Female , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/genetics , Histiocytosis, Langerhans-Cell/therapy , Humans , Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use , Male , Middle Aged , Prognosis , Retrospective Studies , Survival Analysis , Treatment Outcome , Young Adult
11.
Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi ; 46(1): 118-124, 2021 Jan.
Article in Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33645060

ABSTRACT

To establish the HPLC fingerprint and multi-component determination method of fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces. HPLC analysis was performed on Thermo Acclaim ~(TM)120 C_(18) column(4.6 mm×250 mm, 5 µm). Acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid aqueous solution was taken as the mobile phase for gradient elution. The flow rate was 1 mL·min~(-1),the column temperature was maintained at 30 ℃, and the detection wavelength was 237 nm and 360 nm. The similarity of 15 batches of fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces was higher than 0.849, and 17 common peaks were identified. Liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, isoliquiritigenin and glycyrrhizic acid were identified; among them, the mass fractions of Liquiritin, isoliquiritin apioside, isoliquiritin, liquiritigenin, glycyrrhizic acid were were 0.519%-3.058%, 0.227%-0.389%, 0.070%-0.439%, 0.038%-0.173%, 1.381%-4.252%, respectively. According to the cluster analysis, the 15 batches of decoction pieces were classified into three categories; principal component analysis screened out four principal components, with the cumulative variance contribution rate of 86.630%, indicating that the principal components contained most information of original data. Partial least squares discriminant ana-lysis marked 6 differential components in the decoction pieces. The established fingerprint and multicomponent determination are stable and reliable, and can provide a reference for the quality control of Radix Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizomae and fried Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma pieces.


Subject(s)
Drugs, Chinese Herbal , Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid , Glycyrrhiza , Plant Extracts , Quality Control
12.
Mol Phylogenet Evol ; 143: 106687, 2020 02.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-31740334

ABSTRACT

Rumen ciliates are a specialized group of ciliates exclusively found in the anaerobic, carbohydrate-rich rumen microenvironment. However, the molecular and mechanistic basis of the physiological and behavioral adaptation of ciliates to the rumen microenvironment is undefined. We used single-cell transcriptome sequencing to explore the adaptive evolution of three rumen ciliates: two entodiniomorphids, Entodinium furca and Diplodinium dentatum; and one vestibuliferid, Isotricha intestinalis. We found that all three species are members of monophyletic orders within the class Litostomatea, with E. furca and D. dentatum in Entodiniomorphida and I. intestinalis in Vestibuliferida. The two entodiniomorphids might use H2-producing mitochondria and the vestibuliferid might use anaerobic mitochondria to survive under strictly anaerobic conditions. Moreover, carbohydrate-active enzyme (CAZyme) genes were identified in all three species, including cellulases, hemicellulases, and pectinases. The evidence that all three species have acquired prokaryote-derived genes by horizontal gene transfer (HGT) to digest plant biomass includes a significant enrichment of gene ontology categories such as cell wall macromolecule catabolic process and carbohydrate catabolic process and the identification of genes in common between CAZyme and HGT groups. These findings suggest that HGT might be an important mechanism in the adaptive evolution of ciliates to the rumen microenvironment.


Subject(s)
Ciliophora/genetics , Rumen/parasitology , Transcriptome , Adaptation, Physiological , Anaerobiosis , Animals , Carbohydrate Metabolism , Cellulases/genetics , Ciliophora/classification , Ciliophora/physiology , Gene Transfer, Horizontal , Glycoside Hydrolases/genetics , Phylogeny , Polygalacturonase/genetics , RNA-Seq , Rumen/metabolism , Single-Cell Analysis
13.
Pharmacol Res ; 161: 105293, 2020 11.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-33176206

ABSTRACT

Unmethylated CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) activate plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs) and B cells to induce humoral and cellular immunity, and are under development for the treatment of multiple cancers. However, the specific differences in antitumor effects among the three CpG ODN classes when administered as a monotherapy or in co-therapy with the anti-PD-1 antibody are unclear. We compared the immunostimulatory effects in vitro and antitumor effects in a CT26 subcutaneous mouse tumor model among the three CpG ODN classes. We found that CpG-A slightly suppressed tumor growth but possessed no synergistic antitumor effects with the anti-PD-1 antibody. CpG-B at low doses significantly inhibited tumor growth and possessed synergistic antitumor effects with the anti-PD-1 antibody. A high dose of CpG-C was required to achieve antitumor effects comparable to those of CpG-B, which was consistent with the immunostimulatory effects in B-cell proliferation and TLR9-NF-κB activation. Importantly, CpG-C in combination with anti-PD-1 antibody inhibited tumor growth more quickly and effectively than CpG-B because CpG-B significantly upregulated PD-L1 expression on multiple host immune cells to promote tumor immune escape. Moreover, co-therapy increased the infiltration of effector memory T cells. In summary, CpG-B and CpG-C with different optimal concentrations possessed strong antitumor effects, while CpG-C was more rapid and effective for co-therapy with the anti-PD-1 antibody.


Subject(s)
Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols/pharmacology , Colonic Neoplasms/drug therapy , CpG Islands , Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors/pharmacology , Oligodeoxyribonucleotides/pharmacology , Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/antagonists & inhibitors , Toll-Like Receptor 9/antagonists & inhibitors , Animals , B-Lymphocytes/drug effects , B-Lymphocytes/immunology , B-Lymphocytes/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , Cell Proliferation/drug effects , Colonic Neoplasms/immunology , Colonic Neoplasms/metabolism , Colonic Neoplasms/pathology , Dendritic Cells/drug effects , Dendritic Cells/immunology , Dendritic Cells/metabolism , Drug Synergism , Female , Lymphocyte Activation/drug effects , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/drug effects , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/immunology , Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating/metabolism , Mice , Mice, Inbred BALB C , Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/immunology , Programmed Cell Death 1 Receptor/metabolism , Signal Transduction , Toll-Like Receptor 9/immunology , Toll-Like Receptor 9/metabolism , Tumor Burden/drug effects , Tumor Escape/drug effects , Tumor Microenvironment
14.
Yi Chuan ; 42(8): 799-809, 2020 Aug 20.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-32952115

ABSTRACT

China National GeneBank DataBase (CNGBdb) is a data platform aiming to systematically archiving and sharing of multi-omics data in life science. As the service portal of Bio-informatics Data Center of the core structure, namely, "Three Banks and Two Platforms" of China National GeneBank (CNGB), CNGBdb has the advantages of rich sample resources, data resources, cooperation projects, powerful data computation and analysis capabilities. With the advent of high throughput sequencing technologies, research in life science has entered the big data era, which is in the need of closer international cooperation and data sharing. With the development of China's economy and the increase of investment in life science research, we need to establish a national public platform for data archiving and sharing in life science to promote the systematic management, application and industrial utilization. Currently, CNGBdb can provide genomic data archiving, information search engines, data management and data analysis services. The data schema of CNGBdb has covered projects, samples, experiments, runs, assemblies, variations and sequences. Until May 22, 2020, CNGBdb has archived 2176 research projects and more than 2221 TB sequencing data submitted by researchers globally. In the future, CNGBdb will continue to be dedicated to promoting data sharing in life science research and improving the service capability. CNGBdb website is: https://db.cngb.org/.


Subject(s)
Databases, Genetic , Big Data , China , Genomics , Information Dissemination
15.
J Cell Biochem ; 120(1): 658-670, 2019 01.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30203578

ABSTRACT

Emerging evidence indicated that changes in DNA methylation early in breast cancer (BC) development might be clinically relevant for therapeutic decisions. Through analysis of whole-genome gene expression microarray and DNA methylation microarray, we explored genes with abnormal DNA methylation in BC for early detection. Firstly, human BC tissues and adjacent non-cancerous tissues were collected from nine BC patients. Gene expression microarray sequencing was conducted for identifying differentially expressed genes and DNA methylation microarray sequencing for differentially methylated genes in BC. Differentially expressed genes and methylated genes in BC were further explored using the Cancer Genome Atlas database. The correlation between DNA methylation and gene expression was illustrated by multiple comparisons. In other 60 clinical samples, methylation specific polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription quantitative PCR were applied for the methylation of HOXA4 and IGF1 genes in BC and adjacent non-cancerous tissues. In total, 1680 upregulated genes and 1249 downregulated genes were determined in BC. Chromosome 16 and 17 showed more differentially methylated genes, and DNA methylation level was increased in BC tissues in each gene region. Chromosome 19 showed more differentially methylated genes, and DNA methylation level was increased in BC tissues in the exoniensis 1, untranslated region-5 and transcriptional start site 200 gene regions. In other 60 clinical samples, HOXA4 and IGF1 in BC tissues presented increased DNA methylation and decreased gene expression in BC. MCF7 cells treated with RG108 showed decreased HOXA4 and IGF1 expressions. It was estimated that HOXA4 and IGF1 were identified with increased DNA methylation and decreased gene expression in BC, which may serve as biomarkers in early BC detection.


Subject(s)
Breast Neoplasms/genetics , DNA Methylation/genetics , Early Detection of Cancer , Genome, Human/genetics , Homeodomain Proteins/genetics , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/genetics , Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis/methods , Transcription Factors/genetics , Adult , Aged , Biomarkers, Tumor/genetics , Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism , DNA (Cytosine-5-)-Methyltransferases/antagonists & inhibitors , DNA Methylation/drug effects , Databases, Nucleic Acid , Female , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Homeodomain Proteins/metabolism , Humans , Insulin-Like Growth Factor I/metabolism , MCF-7 Cells , Middle Aged , Phthalimides/pharmacology , Signal Transduction/drug effects , Transcription Factors/metabolism , Transcriptome/genetics , Tryptophan/analogs & derivatives , Tryptophan/pharmacology , Up-Regulation/genetics
16.
BMC Cancer ; 19(1): 260, 2019 03 22.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30902079

ABSTRACT

Following publication of the original article [1], the author noticed that there are some errors with Table 1 and Table 2. Please see the correct tables below. The authors apologize for any inconvenience caused.

17.
Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban ; 49(3): 404-407, 2018 May.
Article in Zh | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-30014643

ABSTRACT

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between expression of tumor suppressor gene p16 in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) tissues and clinicopathological parameters,to further study on DNA methyltransferase inhibitors 5-nitrogen impurity-2'-deoxycytidine (5-Aza-CdR) in human lung cancer cell line A549 in regulating the expression of p16. METHODS: The expression of p16 protein in 76 cases of NSCLC tissues and normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma were detect by immunohistochemical SP method and the differences of p16 protein expression were analyzed. p16 gene promoter region of DNA methylation status were detect by MSP method in 5-Aza-CdR processing A549 cells,the expression of p16 in A549 lung cancer cell and effect of 5-Aza-CdR were detect by Western blot method. RESULTS: 32 cases (42.11%) of p16 protein expression was positive,significantly lower than that of the normal tissue adjacent to carcinoma (positive expression in 59 cases,77.63%) in 76 cases of NSCLC tissues; There were statistically significant differences (P<0.05) in the positive expression rates of p16 in NSCLC tissues with different pathological tissue grading,tumor differentiation degree,clinical TNM stage and lymph node metastasis. In A549 cells,p16 protein expression and non-methylated products were both in low expression states. After treated with 5-Aza-CdR,the expression of p16 protein and its non-methylated products were up-regulated,with the increase of 5-Aza-CdR concentration. CONCLUSION: The low expression of p16 in NSCLC tissues with squamous cell carcinomas,low differentiation,lymph node metastasis and phase Ⅲ-Ⅳ,which may prompt the deactivation and cause further progression of NSCLC,5-Aza-CdR could induce the expression of p16 protein and non-methylated products in A549 cells.


Subject(s)
Azacitidine/pharmacology , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/pathology , Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16/metabolism , Deoxycytidine/pharmacology , Lung Neoplasms/pathology , A549 Cells , Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung/metabolism , Cell Line, Tumor , DNA Methylation , Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic , Humans , Lung Neoplasms/metabolism , Promoter Regions, Genetic
18.
J Infect Chemother ; 23(6): 360-367, 2017 Jun.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-28341518

ABSTRACT

BACKGROUND: Invasive fungal disease (IFD) is a major complication of acute leukemia, thus primary antifungal prophylaxis (PAP) is recommended by guidelines. Nevertheless, guidelines might not be commonly followed in developing countries due to economic factors. The primary objectives were to evaluate the implementation rate of PAP in acute leukemia patients in China and to compare the prognosis of IFD with and without PAP. The secondary objectives were to investigate the safety of PAP, clinical characteristics of IFDs and risk factors of breakthrough. METHODS: This was a retrospective observational single-center study, including non-M3 acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and acute lymphocytic leukemia (ALL) patients receiving uniform induction or salvage chemotherapy between 2012 and 2016. RESULTS: There were 29.4% of patients without PAP among a total of 248 cases. The incidence of breakthrough proven/probable/possible IFDs was 24.7%, 6.5%, 5.5%, 5.4% and 5.3% in control (no prophylaxis), fluconazole, itraconazole, voriconazole and posaconazole group respectively (P = 0.007), while the percentage of patients requiring empirical or pre-emptive therapy was 54.8%, 45.7%, 23.3%, 18.9%, 10.5% respectively (P < 0.001). PAP could also significantly improve IFD-free survival (P < 0.001) and reduce 90-day overall mortality in patients on AML salvage regimen (P = 0.021). There were no statistical differences in PAP-related adverse events. Past history of IFD (OR 9.5, P = 0.006) was confirmed to be independent risk factors. CONCLUSIONS: There are a considerable number of acute leukemia patients without PAP in China, who have higher IFD incidence, increased empiric/pre-emptive antifungal drug use and worse IFD-free survival.


Subject(s)
Antibiotic Prophylaxis/statistics & numerical data , Antifungal Agents/administration & dosage , Invasive Fungal Infections/drug therapy , Invasive Fungal Infections/epidemiology , Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute/complications , Adolescent , Adult , Aged , Antifungal Agents/therapeutic use , Azoles/administration & dosage , Azoles/therapeutic use , Disease-Free Survival , Female , Humans , Induction Chemotherapy , Invasive Fungal Infections/complications , Invasive Fungal Infections/prevention & control , Male , Middle Aged , Retrospective Studies , Risk Factors , Salvage Therapy , Young Adult
20.
J Craniofac Surg ; 26(8): 2421-4, 2015 Nov.
Article in English | MEDLINE | ID: mdl-26594972

ABSTRACT

PURPOSE: This study aims to provide an anatomic data of posterior communicating artery (PComA) and its anatomic relationship to the adjacent structures, so as to guide surgeons in the surgery of internal carotid artery-posterior communicating artery aneurysm clipping and sellar tumors resection without injuring the PComA. METHODS: Computer topographic angiography images of 123 individuals were reviewed, and the measurements were done on coronal, sagittal, axial, and other user-defined planes after multiplanar reconstruction. Posterior communicating artery was classified in the reconstructed three-dimensional image, measured in proper planes, and located by the structures such as anterior clinoid process (ACP), posterior clinoid process (PCP), and sagittal midline. RESULTS: Six types of PComA were identified in this study based on its existence and origin. The initial part of PComA can be located by ACP, PCP, and sagittal midline based on some particular angles and distances. CONCLUSIONS: Posterior communicating artery varies in different individuals, and the radiologic study of it is an optimal way to analyze the variances. The anatomic relations between PComA and basic skull structures such as the ACP and PCP are especially important for neurosurgeons.


Subject(s)
Carotid Artery, Internal/diagnostic imaging , Carotid Artery, Internal/surgery , Image Processing, Computer-Assisted/methods , Imaging, Three-Dimensional/methods , Intracranial Aneurysm/diagnostic imaging , Intracranial Aneurysm/surgery , Pituitary Neoplasms/diagnostic imaging , Pituitary Neoplasms/surgery , Sella Turcica/diagnostic imaging , Sella Turcica/surgery , Tomography, Spiral Computed/methods , Adult , Aged , Aged, 80 and over , Cerebral Angiography/methods , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged
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