[Proton three-demensional conformal radiosurgery of arteriovenous malformation of the brain].

The proton beam radiosurgery was performed to 65 patients with brain AVM since December, 2001 till February, 2012, in Joint Institute for Nuclear Research, Dubna, Russia. We have analyzed data for 56 patients. The follow up time varied from 24 to 109 months. The volumes of brain AVMs varied from 0.92 to 82 cc. The mean isocenter dose was 24.61 +/- 0.12 Gy E. The edge of the target was included in 70-90% isodose. The proton beam surgery was splitted in two similar doses and delivered in two consecutive days in vast majority of patients. Ten patients were missed for follow up due to some reasons. The radiosurgery was resulted in full obliteration of AVM in 23 from remaining 46 (50%) patients. There was full obliteration in 46.6% of patients with volume of AVM 10-24.9 cc; and this rate is significantly more than for photon radiosurgery of same size brain AVM. The partial obliteration was obtained in 21 patients. Only one patients suffered hemorrhage from partially obliterated AVM. We could not see any effect in 2 patients. There were delayed radiation toxicity in 5 patients in 12 months after treatment: in 4 patients, these reactions were assessed as 2 according to RTOG scale and were dissipated in 1 month after commencement of corticosteroid treatment. There was radiation necrosis in one patient, and it was relieved in 12 months after several courses of dehydration and corticosteroid therapy. So, proton beam therapy is effective and safe modality for treatment of inoperable brain AVM, especially of middle- and large size.

[Prognostic factors of the probability of the occurrence of complications in the radiation therapy of malignant neoplasms]. / O faktorakh prognozirovaniia veroiatnosti vozniknoveniia oslozhnenii pri luchevoi terapii bol'nykh zlokachestvennymi novoobrazovaniiami.

The authors present an analysis of the causes of radiation induced complications in 383 patients referred to the Chair of Clinical Radiology from different medical institutions of the country. It was found that under distant gamma therapy, to prevent the development of complications the value of TDF-factor should not exceed 105--110, for the associated radiotherapy--130--140, and that for close focal roentgenotherapy--130--150. In vast majority of patients (95.3%) the complications resulted from surpassing the normal tissue tolerance. To prevent radiation injuries it is suggested to take into consideration the TDF-factor values, while in planning radiotherapy to choose such schedules of irradiation, which preclude any surpassing of the tolerance of normal tissues and organs adjacent to the tumor.

[The clinical picture and treatment of local radiation lesions]. / Klinika i lechenie mestnykh luchevykh porazhenii.

The article gathers a long-term experience in diagnosis and treatment of local radiation injuries in 205 patients, including patients with irradiations caused by accident situation. Relatively good results were obtained during the treatment of severe injuries.

[Experience with combined therapy in lymphogranulomatosis]. / Opyt kombinirovannoi terapii limfogranulematoza.

The article gathers the experience of therapy for lymphogranulomatosis of 1122 patients during last 12 years, and gives the summary of its immediate results. The only radiation therapy was employed for 11.3% of patients, chemical therapy--for 1.2%, and combined therapy in which both radiation and chemical therapy were used--87%. The simultaneous employment of radiation and chemical therapy led to a considerable reduction of the period of treatment, moreover there were no pronounced depressions in medullary hemoplasty. The further progression of the disease was commonly marked only in the cases with general manifestation of illness and affection of more than two globate glands. It is recommended to continue polychemical treatment for a year after the patient's recovery in order to prevent relapses.

[The mitotic cycle parameters of bone marrow cells after irradiation]. / Parametry mitoticheskogo tsikla kletok kostnogo mozga posle oblucheniia.

The study was performed of mitotic cycle stage distribution (G1/0, S, G2 + M) by means of flow cytometry in rats irradiated locally and totally and in 25 cancer patients receiving radiotherapy. Radiation effects manifested themselves in diminished percentage of cells in S-stage, in the block G2 + M reflecting the direct affection of myelokaryocytes. Logarithmic dependence of the quantity, of cells synthetizing DNA on radiation dose occurred in the animals in the range 0.5-6 Gy 24 hours after the exposure. Investigation of the patients' sternal puncture biopsies indicated that the proportion of S-stage cells and the value S/(G2 + M) are significant diagnostic markers of more than 1 Gy irradiation 24-48 h after the exposure. For establishing radiation overdosage these parameters proved much more informative than hemocytological indices (myelogram).

[The RX-PLAN--a computer system for planning radiation treatment]. / RX-PLAN--komp'iuternaia sistema planirovaniia luchevogo lecheniia.

The authors presented a system of radiation treatment design (RT)--RX-PLAN developed at the N. N. Burdenko Main Military Hospital in 1988 on the basis of a PC of DVK-3M type. The use of the PC with a graphic interface made it possible to meet the following specific requirements: input, imaging, processing and output of graphic data and to make an automated working place of low cost for radiologists (a physicist and a physician).

[Effect of lithium oxybutyrate on the viability of preserved donor kidney]. / Vliianie litiia oksibutirata na zhiznesposobnost' konservirovannoi donorskoi pochki.

The experiments on 10 dogs showed that replacement of sodium oxybutyrate for lithium oxybutyrate in the solution for preservation increases the period of preserving the structural and functional integrity of the donor kidney, contributes to its survival and delays the development of the transplant rejection.