Reference the seabed topographic depth observations based on the national mean dynamic topography model.

The mean sea surface in different regions is non-equipotential, rendering Vietnam's traditional approach, which relies on the Hon-Dau tide gauge station as a reference, not yet scientifically invalid. To overcome this, our study utilized the Vietnam national mean dynamic topography model (MDTVN22) for depth observations, particularly in the Gulf of Tonkin. Covering 3430 monitoring sites in Hai Phong and 813 sites in Quang Ninh, our experiments highlighted a 5 to 6 mm difference between the mean sea surface and MDTVN22 references. •Our research establishes a resilient methodology, integrating shore tide gauge station data and the MDTVN22 model, aimed at enhancing precision in depth observations.•Validation experiments in Hai Phong demonstrate a minimal discrepancy of ±0.006 m between measurements obtained from the traditional mean sea surface and the MDTVN22 model.•These findings underscore the significance of adopting the MDTVN22 model for improved accuracy in assessing Vietnam's seabed topography.

Novel Plant-Associated Brevibacillus and Lysinibacillus Genomospecies Harbor a Rich Biosynthetic Potential of Antimicrobial Compounds.

We have previously reported the draft genome sequences of 59 endospore-forming Gram-positive bacterial strains isolated from Vietnamese crop plants due to their ability to suppress plant pathogens. Based on their draft genome sequence, eleven of them were assigned to the Brevibacillus and one to the Lysinibacillus genus. Further analysis including full genome sequencing revealed that several of these strains represent novel genomospecies. In vitro and in vivo assays demonstrated their ability to promote plant growth, as well as the strong biocontrol potential of Brevibacilli directed against phytopathogenic bacteria, fungi, and nematodes. Genome mining identified 157 natural product biosynthesis gene clusters (BGCs), including 36 novel BGCs not present in the MIBiG data bank. Our findings indicate that plant-associated Brevibacilli are a rich source of putative antimicrobial compounds and might serve as a valuable starting point for the development of novel biocontrol agents.

Oral administration of Bifidobacterium spp. improves insulin resistance, induces adiponectin, and prevents inflammatory adipokine expressions.

The intestinal microbiome might be an important contributor to the development of type 2 diabetes. This study was designed to test the hypothesis that oral administration of Bifidobacterium species (spp.) (including B. longum, B. bifidum, B. infantis, and B. animalis) may both ameliorate insulin resistance and reduce the expressions of inflammatory adipocytokines. Male Swiss-Webster mice fed a high-fat diet with or without oral administration of Bifidobacterium spp. for 5 weeks were subjected to an insulin tolerance test and an oral glucose tolerance test. Plasma levels of glucose at 30, 60, 90 and 120 min after insulin injection or glucose administration were significantly lower in the Bifidobacterium spp. than in the control group (P < 0.05), showing the beneficial effect of oral administration on insulin resistance in obese Swiss mice. In addition, Bifidobacterium spp. increased the adiponectin mRNA level and decreased those of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 and interleukin 6 in non-diabetic C57BL/6J mice fed a normal diet, indicating a molecular mechanism which may ameliorate the inflammatory state, thereby reducing insulin resistance. In conclusion, oral administration of Bifidobacterium spp. improves insulin resistance and glucose tolerance in obese mice by reducing inflammation, as it does in the lean state.